Insomnia: Difference between revisions

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{'''Insomnia''', also known as '''sleeplessness''', is a sleep disorder where people have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep as long as desired. It can occur independently or as a result of another problem. It is a common symptom of [[ME/CFS]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Jackson|first=Melinda L.|author-link=Melinda Jackson|last2=Bruck|first2=Dorothy|author-link2=Dorothy Bruck|date=2012-12-15|title=Sleep Abnormalities in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Review|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3501671/|journal=Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine|volume=8|issue=6|pages=719–728|doi=10.5664/jcsm.2276|issn=1550-9389|pmc=3501671|pmid=23243408|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>  
'''Insomnia''', also known as '''sleeplessness''', is a sleep disorder where people have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep as long as desired. It can occur independently or as a result of another problem. It is a common symptom of [[ME/CFS]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal | last = Jackson | first = Melinda L. | authorlink = Melinda Jackson | last2 = Bruck | first2 = Dorothy | authorlink2 = Dorothy Bruck | date = 2012-12-15 | title = Sleep Abnormalities in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Review | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3501671/|journal=Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine|volume=8|issue=6 | pages = 719–728|doi=10.5664/jcsm.2276|issn=1550-9389|pmc=3501671|pmid=23243408|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>  


==Presentation==
==Presentation==
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==Notable studies==
==Notable studies==
* 2012, Sleep Abnormalities in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Review<ref name=":0" /> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3501671/ (Full text)]
* 2012, Sleep Abnormalities in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Review<ref name=":0" /> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3501671/ (Full text)]
*2015, Sleep quality and the treatment of intestinal microbiota imbalance in [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]]: A pilot study<ref>{{Citation
*2015, Sleep quality and the treatment of intestinal microbiota imbalance in [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]]: A pilot study<ref>{{Citation | last1 = Jackson | first1 = Melinda L | authorlink1 = Melinda Jackson | last2 = Butt | first2 = Henry | authorlink2 = Henry Butt | last3 = Ball | first3 = Michelle | authorlink3 = Michelle Ball | last4 = Lewis | first4 = Donald | authorlink4 = Donald Lewis | last5 = Bruck | first5 = Dorothy | authorlink5 = Dorothy Bruck | title = Sleep quality and the treatment of intestinal microbiota imbalance in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A pilot study. | journal = Sleep Science | volume = 8 | issue = 3 | page = 124-33 | date = November 2015 | pmid = 26779319 | doi = 10.1016/j.slsci.2015.10.001 }}</ref> - [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1984006315000632 (Full Text)]  
| last1   = Jackson | first1 = Melinda L   | authorlink1 = Melinda Jackson   |last2   = Butt |first    2  |authorlink2 = Henry Butt |last3   = Ball |first    3  |authorlink3 = Michelle Ball
*2017, Sleep Quality in Adolescents With [[ME/CFS|Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]] (CFS/ME)<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Josev | first = Elisha K. | authorlink = Elisha Josev | last2 = Jackson | first2 = Melinda L. | authorlink2 = Melinda Jackson | last3 = Bei | first3 = Bei | authorlink3 = | last4 = Trinder | first4 = John | authorlink4 = | last5 = Harvey | first5 = Adrienne | authorlink5 = | last6 = Clarke | first6 = Cathriona | last7 = Snodgrass | first7 = Kelli | last8 = Scheinberg | first8 = Adam | authorlink8 = | last9 = Knight | first9 = Sarah J. | author-link9 = Sarah Knight | date = 2017-09-15 | title = Sleep Quality in Adolescents With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) | url = http://jcsm.aasm.org/ViewAbstract.aspx?pid=31079|journal=Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine|language=en|volume=13|issue=09|pages=1057–1066|doi=10.5664/jcsm.6722|issn=1550-9389|pmc=5566461|pmid=28760189|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [[pubmed:28760189|(Full text)]]
| last4   = Lewis   | first4 = Donald     | authorlink4 = Donald Lewis
| last5   = Bruck   | first5 = Dorothy     | authorlink5 = Dorothy Bruck
| title   = Sleep quality and the treatment of intestinal microbiota imbalance in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A pilot study.
| journal = Sleep Science   | volume = 8   | issue = 3   | page = 124-33
| date   = November 2015  
| pmid   = 26779319
| doi     = 10.1016/j.slsci.2015.10.001
}}
</ref> - [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1984006315000632 (Full Text)]  
*2017, Sleep Quality in Adolescents With [[ME/CFS|Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]] (CFS/ME)<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Josev|first=Elisha K.|author-link=Elisha Josev|last2=Jackson|first2=Melinda L.|author-link2=Melinda Jackson|last3=Bei|first3=Bei|author-link3=|last4=Trinder|first4=John|author-link4=|last5=Harvey|first5=Adrienne|author-link5=|last6=Clarke|first6=Cathriona|last7=Snodgrass|first7=Kelli|last8=Scheinberg|first8=Adam|author-link8=|last9=Knight|first9=Sarah J.|author-link9=Sarah Knight|date=2017-09-15|title=Sleep Quality in Adolescents With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME)|url=http://jcsm.aasm.org/ViewAbstract.aspx?pid=31079|journal=Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine|language=en|volume=13|issue=09|pages=1057–1066|doi=10.5664/jcsm.6722|issn=1550-9389|pmc=5566461|pmid=28760189|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [[pubmed:28760189|(Full text)]]




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</DynamicPageList>
</DynamicPageList>
Medications, including:
Medications, including:
*[[:Category:Benzodiazepines|Benzodiazepines]], e.g. [[temezapam]]<ref name=SACFS-survey>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sacfs.asn.au/news/2014/02/02_28_survey_results_insomnia.htm|title=ME/CFS South Australia Inc: Survey results - insomnia|website=www.sacfs.asn.au|access-date=2021-02-11}}</ref>
*[[:Category:Benzodiazepines|Benzodiazepines]], e.g. [[temezapam]]<ref name=SACFS-survey>{{Cite web | url = https://www.sacfs.asn.au/news/2014/02/02_28_survey_results_insomnia.htm | title = ME/CFS South Australia Inc: Survey results - insomnia | website = sacfs.asn.au|access-date=2021-02-11}}</ref>
*[[Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic]]s, commonly known as z-drugs, e.g. [[zopiclone]]
*[[Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic]]s, commonly known as z-drugs, e.g. [[zopiclone]]
*Sedating [[antidepressant]]s, particularly [[amitriptyline]]
*Sedating [[antidepressant]]s, particularly [[amitriptyline]]
*Sedating [[:Category:Antihistamines|anti-histamines]] including [[diphenhydramine]]
*Sedating [[:Category:Antihistamines|anti-histamines]] including [[diphenhydramine]]
*[[Melatonin]], either on prescription or as a supplement<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/melatonin-for-sleep-does-it-work|title=Melatonin for Sleep: Does It Work?|website=www.hopkinsmedicine.org|language=en|access-date=2021-02-11}}</ref><ref name="ICC2011primer">{{citation
*[[Melatonin]], either on prescription or as a supplement<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/melatonin-for-sleep-does-it-work | title = Melatonin for Sleep: Does It Work? | website = hopkinsmedicine.org|language=en|access-date=2021-02-11}}</ref><ref name="ICC2011primer">{{citation | last1 = Carruthers | first1 = BM | authorlink1 = Bruce Carruthers | last2 = van de Sande | first2 = MI | authorlink2 = Marjorie van de Sande | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = KL | authorlink3 = Kenny de Meirleir | last4 = Klimas | first4 = NG | authorlink4 = Nancy Klimas | last5 = Broderick | first5 = G | authorlink5 = Gordon Broderick | last6 = Mitchell | first6 = T | authorlink6 = Terry Mitchell | last7 = Staines | first7 = D | authorlink7 = Donald Staines | last8 = Powles | first8 = ACP | authorlink8 = A C Peter Powles | last9 = Speight | first9 = N | author-link9 = Nigel Speight | last10 = Vallings | first10 = R | authorlink10 = Rosamund Vallings | last11 = Bateman | first11 = L | authorlink11 = Lucinda Bateman | last12 = Bell | first12 = DS | authorlink12 = David Bell | last13 = Carlo-Stella | first13 = N | authorlink13 = Nicoletta Carlo-Stella | last14 = Chia | first14 = J | authorlink14 = John Chia | last15 = Darragh | first15 = A | authorlink15 = Austin Darragh | last16 = Gerken | first16 = A | authorlink16 = Anne Gerken | last17 = Jo | first17 = D | authorlink17 = Daehyun Jo | last18 = Lewis | first18 = DP | authorlink18 = Donald Lewis | last19 = Light | first19 = AR | authorlink19 = Alan Light | last20 = Light | first20 = KC | authorlink20 = Kathleen Light | last21 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first21 = S | authorlink21 = Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik | last22 = McLaren-Howard | first22 = J | authorlink22 = John McLaren-Howard | last23 = Mena | first23 = I | authorlink23 = Ismael Mena | last24 = Miwa | first24 = K | authorlink24 = Kunihisa Miwa | last25 = Murovska | first25 = M | authorlink25= Modra Murovska | last26 = Stevens | first26 = SR | authorlink26 = Staci Stevens | title = Myalgic encephalomyelitis: Adult & Paediatric: International Consensus Primer for Medical Practitioners | date = 2012
| last1 = Carruthers | first1 = BM | authorlink1 = Bruce Carruthers
| isbn = 978-0-9739335-3-6 | url = http://www.investinme.org/Documents/Guidelines/Myalgic%20Encephalomyelitis%20International%20Consensus%20Primer%20-2012-11-26.pdf }}</ref>
| last2 = van de Sande | first2 = MI | authorlink2 = Marjorie van de Sande
| last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = KL | authorlink3 = Kenny de Meirleir
| last4 = Klimas | first4 = NG | authorlink4 = Nancy Klimas
| last5 = Broderick | first5 = G | authorlink5 = Gordon Broderick
| last6 = Mitchell | first6 = T | authorlink6 = Terry Mitchell
| last7 = Staines | first7 = D | authorlink7 = Donald Staines
| last8 = Powles | first8 = ACP | authorlink8 = A C Peter Powles
| last9 = Speight | first9 = N | authorlink9 = Nigel Speight
| last10 = Vallings | first10= R | authorlink10= Rosamund Vallings
| last11 = Bateman | first11= L | authorlink11= Lucinda Bateman
| last12 = Bell | first12= DS | authorlink12= David Bell
| last13 = Carlo-Stella | first13= N | authorlink13= Nicoletta Carlo-Stella
| last14 = Chia | first14= J | authorlink14= John Chia
| last15 = Darragh | first15= A | authorlink15= Austin Darragh
| last16 = Gerken | first16= A | authorlink16= Anne Gerken
| last17 = Jo | first17= D | authorlink17= Daehyun Jo
| last18 = Lewis | first18= DP | authorlink18= Donald Lewis
| last19 = Light | first19= AR | authorlink19= Alan Light
| last20 = Light | first20= KC | authorlink20= Kathleen Light
| last21 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first21= S | authorlink21= Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik
| last22 = McLaren-Howard | first22= J | authorlink22= John McLaren-Howard
| last23 = Mena | first23= I | authorlink23= Ismael Mena
| last24 = Miwa | first24= K | authorlink24= Kunihisa Miwa
| last25 = Murovska | first25= M | authorlink25= Modra Murovska
| last26 = Stevens | first26= SR | authorlink26= Staci Stevens
| title = Myalgic encephalomyelitis: Adult & Paediatric: International Consensus Primer for Medical Practitioners  
| date = 2012
| isbn = 978-0-9739335-3-6
| url = http://www.investinme.org/Documents/Guidelines/Myalgic%20Encephalomyelitis%20International%20Consensus%20Primer%20-2012-11-26.pdf
}}</ref>
Off-label drugs, e.g.:
Off-label drugs, e.g.:
* low dose [[quetiapine]] but should this not be used in overweight people with CFS
* low dose [[quetiapine]] but should this not be used in overweight people with CFS

Latest revision as of 16:38, April 2, 2023

Insomnia, also known as sleeplessness, is a sleep disorder where people have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep as long as desired. It can occur independently or as a result of another problem. It is a common symptom of ME/CFS.[1]

Presentation[edit | edit source]

Insomnia is present when a patient finds it unusually difficult to fall asleep, maintain sleep, or wakes up early in the morning with an inability to return to sleep.

Insomnia can cause many secondary symptoms and problems, including fatigue, daytime sleepiness, feeling unrefreshed after sleep, irritability, anxiety, low energy, and depressed mood. Long-term insomnia can result in muscle weariness, hallucinations, mental fatigue and double vision.

Prevalence[edit | edit source]

Symptom recognition[edit | edit source]

Notable studies[edit | edit source]


Possible causes[edit | edit source]

Potential treatments[edit | edit source]

Behavioral changes, including:

Supplements and natural remedies, including: No pages meet these criteria. Medications, including:

Off-label drugs, e.g.:

  • low dose quetiapine but should this not be used in overweight people with CFS

See also[edit | edit source]

Learn more[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Jackson, Melinda L.; Bruck, Dorothy (December 15, 2012). "Sleep Abnormalities in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Review". Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. 8 (6): 719–728. doi:10.5664/jcsm.2276. ISSN 1550-9389. PMC 3501671. PMID 23243408.
  2. ↑ The 1988 Holmes Definition for CFS
  3. ↑ Jackson, Melinda L; Butt, Henry; Ball, Michelle; Lewis, Donald; Bruck, Dorothy (November 2015), "Sleep quality and the treatment of intestinal microbiota imbalance in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A pilot study.", Sleep Science, 8 (3): 124-33, doi:10.1016/j.slsci.2015.10.001, PMID 26779319
  4. ↑ Josev, Elisha K.; Jackson, Melinda L.; Bei, Bei; Trinder, John; Harvey, Adrienne; Clarke, Cathriona; Snodgrass, Kelli; Scheinberg, Adam; Knight, Sarah J. (September 15, 2017). "Sleep Quality in Adolescents With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME)". Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 13 (09): 1057–1066. doi:10.5664/jcsm.6722. ISSN 1550-9389. PMC 5566461. PMID 28760189.
  5. ↑ "ME/CFS South Australia Inc: Survey results - insomnia". sacfs.asn.au. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
  6. ↑ "Melatonin for Sleep: Does It Work?". hopkinsmedicine.org. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
  7. ↑ Carruthers, BM; van de Sande, MI; De Meirleir, KL; Klimas, NG; Broderick, G; Mitchell, T; Staines, D; Powles, ACP; Speight, N; Vallings, R; Bateman, L; Bell, DS; Carlo-Stella, N; Chia, J; Darragh, A; Gerken, A; Jo, D; Lewis, DP; Light, AR; Light, KC; Marshall-Gradisnik, S; McLaren-Howard, J; Mena, I; Miwa, K; Murovska, M; Stevens, SR (2012), Myalgic encephalomyelitis: Adult & Paediatric: International Consensus Primer for Medical Practitioners (PDF), ISBN 978-0-9739335-3-6

myalgic encephalomyelitis (M.E.) - A disease often marked by neurological symptoms, but fatigue is sometimes a symptom as well. Some diagnostic criteria distinguish it from chronic fatigue syndrome, while other diagnostic criteria consider it to be a synonym for chronic fatigue syndrome. A defining characteristic of ME is post-exertional malaise (PEM), or post-exertional neuroimmune exhaustion (PENE), which is a notable exacerbation of symptoms brought on by small exertions. PEM can last for days or weeks. Symptoms can include cognitive impairments, muscle pain (myalgia), trouble remaining upright (orthostatic intolerance), sleep abnormalities, and gastro-intestinal impairments, among others. An estimated 25% of those suffering from ME are housebound or bedbound. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies ME as a neurological disease.

microbiome The full collection of microscopic organisms (especially bacteria and fungi) which are present in a particular environment, particularly inside the human body.

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