Hypersensitivity
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Patients with ME/CFS can have a range of hypersensitives, which may mild or severe. Hypersensitives recognized in ME/CFS include sensitivity to:
- light (photophobia)
- sound (hyperacusis)
- touch
- foods intolerances
- odor sensitivities
- chemicals, including developing multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS)
- vibration sensitivity
Hyperalgesia, which is a greatly increased sensitivity to pain, may also occur.[1]
Contents
Symptom recognition[edit | edit source]
Canadian Consensus Criteria[edit | edit source]
Perceptual and sensory disturbances count as one of the Neurological/Cognitive manifestations used for diagnosis, the examples given are: "spatial instability and disorientation and inability to focus vision". Ataxia, muscle weakness and fasciculations are common. There may be overload phenomena: cognitive, sensory–e.g., photophobia and hypersensitivity to noise–and/or emotional overload, which may lead to "crash" periods and/or anxiety."1,2
The following hypersensitivity and sensory symptoms are recognized in Appendix 4:
- hyper-responsiveness to noxious stimuli
- feeling of burning or swelling
- loss of cognitive map
- Altered sense of taste and/or smell[1]
International Consensus Criteria[edit | edit source]
Hypersensitivities are divided into a few main areas, as optimal diagnostic criteria:
- Neurocognitive symptoms:
- Neurosensory and perceptual: e.g. inability to focus vision, sensitivity to light, noise, vibration, odor sensitivities, taste and touch; impaired depth perception.[2]
- Immune, Gastro-intestinal and Genitourinary:
- Sensitivities to food, medications, odors or chemicals.[2]
Allergies[edit | edit source]
Most hypersensitives are not allergies and are mediated by different antibodies, for example a peanut allergy causing anaphylactic shock is a Type I hypersensitivity mediated by the IgE antibody, and is different to a Type IV hypersensitivity such as contact dermitatis caused by poison ivy.[3]
Only Type I hypersensitives are classed as allergies.
Antibodies[edit | edit source]
A number of different antibodies have a role in hypersensitivities, including IgG.[3]
Notable studies[edit | edit source]
See also[edit | edit source]
Learn more[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.01.1 Carruthers, Bruce M.; Jain, Anil Kumar; De Meirleir, Kenny L.; Peterson, Daniel L.; Klimas, Nancy G.; Lerner, A. Martin; Bested, Alison C.; Flor-Henry, Pierre; Joshi, Pradip; Powles, A C Peter; Sherkey, Jeffrey A.; van de Sande, Marjorie I. (2003), "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Clinical Working Case Definition, Diagnostic and Treatment Protocols" (PDF), Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, 11 (2): 7-115, doi:10.1300/J092v11n01_02
- ↑ 2.02.1 Carruthers, BM; van de Sande, MI; De Meirleir, KL; Klimas, NG; Broderick, G; Mitchell, T; Staines, D; Powles, ACP; Speight, N; Vallings, R; Bateman, L; Bell, DS; Carlo-Stella, N; Chia, J; Darragh, A; Gerken, A; Jo, D; Lewis, DP; Light, AR; Light, KC; Marshall-Gradisnik, S; McLaren-Howard, J; Mena, I; Miwa, K; Murovska, M; Stevens, SR (2012), Myalgic encephalomyelitis: Adult & Paediatric: International Consensus Primer for Medical Practitioners (PDF), ISBN 978-0-9739335-3-6
- ↑ 3.03.1 Parker, Nina; Schneegurt, Mark; Tu, Anh-Hue Thi; Lister, Philip; Forster, Brian M. (November 1, 2016). "18.1 Overview of Specific Adaptive Immunity". Microbiology. OpenStax. Houston, Texas. Retrieved July 9, 2021.
Canadian Consensus Criteria (CCC) - A set of diagnostic criteria used to diagnose ME/CFS, developed by a group of practicing ME/CFS clinicians in 2003. The CCC is often considered to be the most complex criteria, but possibly the most accurate, with the lowest number of patients meeting the criteria. Led to the development of the International Consensus Criteria (ICC) in 2011.
cognition Thought processes, including attention, reasoning, and memory.
antibodies Antibody/immunoglobulin refers to any of a large number of specific proteins produced by B cells that act against an antigen in an immune response.
antibodies Antibody/immunoglobulin refers to any of a large number of specific proteins produced by B cells that act against an antigen in an immune response.
antibodies Antibody/immunoglobulin refers to any of a large number of specific proteins produced by B cells that act against an antigen in an immune response.
antibodies Antibody/immunoglobulin refers to any of a large number of specific proteins produced by B cells that act against an antigen in an immune response.
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