Neurotransmitter: Difference between revisions
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'''Neurotransmitters''' are endogenous chemical messengers that transmit signals | '''Neurotransmitters''' are endogenous chemical messengers that transmit signals between [[Neuron|neurons]], or from neurons to other cells.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1LcsCQAAQBAJ&lpg=PA80&vq=neurotransmitters&pg=PA81#v=snippet&q=neurotransmitters&f=false|title=An Introduction to Neuroendocrinology|last=|first=|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2015|isbn=978-0-521-80647-3|editor-last=Wilkinson|editor-first=Michael|editor-link=|location=|pages=79-114|language=en|chapter=Neurotransmitters|quote=|editor-last2=Brown|editor-first2=Richard E.|editor-link2=}}</ref> Neurotransmitters may transmit signals across neuromuscular junctions, between muscle cells, gland cells, and [[immune cell]]s. | ||
Over 100 substances that act as neurotransmitters to have been identified. The most common are: | Over 100 substances that act as neurotransmitters to have been identified. The most common are: | ||
Revision as of 18:12, January 13, 2020
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons, or from neurons to other cells.[1] Neurotransmitters may transmit signals across neuromuscular junctions, between muscle cells, gland cells, and immune cells.
Over 100 substances that act as neurotransmitters to have been identified. The most common are:
- Amino acids: glutamate, aspartate, D-serine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine
- Gasotransmitters: nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
- Monoamines: dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (noradrenaline; NE, NA), epinephrine (adrenaline), histamine, serotonin (SER, 5-HT)
- Trace amines: phenethylamine, N-methylphenethylamine, tyramine, 3-iodothyronamine, octopamine, tryptamine, etc.
- Peptides: somatostatin, substance P, cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript, opioid peptides
- Purines: adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine
- Others: acetylcholine (ACh), anandamide, etc.
- ↑ Wilkinson, Michael; Brown, Richard E., eds. (2015). "Neurotransmitters". An Introduction to Neuroendocrinology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 79–114. ISBN 978-0-521-80647-3.
