Alpha-galactose allergy: Difference between revisions
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{{Cleanup/Multiple issues|reason =Sources not meeting scientific guidelines | {{Cleanup/Multiple issues|date=Dec 2019|reason =Sources not meeting scientific guidelines, link to food sensitivities needed.}} | ||
'''Alpha-galactose allergy''' or '''alpha-gal allergy''' or '''alpha-gal syndrome''', also known as '''meat allergy''' or '''mammalian meat allergy (MMA)''' is a reaction to | '''Alpha-galactose allergy''' or '''alpha-gal allergy''' or '''alpha-gal syndrome''', also known as '''meat allergy''' or '''mammalian meat allergy (MMA)''' is a reaction to the carbohydrate, galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal).<ref>{{Citation|title=Tick Allergy|date=2016-11-08|url=https://www.abc.net.au/catalyst/tick-allergy/11017054|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|language=en-AU|access-date=2019-10-27}}</ref> The body is overloaded with [[immunoglobulin E]] (IGE) or contact with the meat-derived carbohydrate.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Commins|first=Scott P.|last2=Platts-Mills|first2=Thomas A. E.|date=Feb 2013|title=Delayed Anaphylaxis to Red Meat in Patients with IgE Specific for Galactose alpha-1,3-Galactose (alpha-gal)|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3545071/|journal=Current allergy and asthma reports|volume=13|issue=1|pages=72–77|doi=10.1007/s11882-012-0315-y|issn=1529-7322|pmc=3545071|pmid=23054628}}</ref> | ||
The alpha-gal molecule is found in all | The alpha-gal molecule is found in all mammals except apes, humans, and Old World monkeys.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Galili|first=Uri|date=1993-09-01|title=Evolution and pathophysiology of the human natural anti-α-galactosyl IgG (anti-Gal) antibody|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00201098|journal=Springer Seminars in Immunopathology|language=en|volume=15|issue=2|pages=155–171|doi=10.1007/BF00201098|issn=1432-2196}}</ref> This [[allergy]] most often begins when a Lone Star tick bite transmits a molecule called alpha-gal into the body. In some people, an [[immune system]] reaction may later produce mild to severe [[Allergy|allergic reactions]] when red meat is eaten.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alpha-gal-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20428608|title=Alpha-gal syndrome - Symptoms and causes|website=Mayo Clinic|language=en|access-date=2019-10-27}}</ref> | ||
The cancer drug | The cancer drug, cetuximab (trade name, Erbitux), can cause a reaction in people who live in regions with a high population of Lone Star ticks suggestion a possible link between between Lone Star tick bites and an increased vulnerability to alpha-gal syndrome.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
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== Learn more == | == Learn more == | ||
* [https://acaai.org/allergies/types/food-allergies/types-food-allergy/meat-allergy Meat Allergy]ACAAI.org | * [https://acaai.org/allergies/types/food-allergies/types-food-allergy/meat-allergy Meat Allergy] by ACAAI.org | ||
* Feb 24, 2019 [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/02/190224100433.htm Likelihood of tick bite to cause red-meat allergy could be higher than previously thought] Science Daily | * Feb 24, 2019 [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/02/190224100433.htm Likelihood of tick bite to cause red-meat allergy could be higher than previously thought] Science Daily | ||
Revision as of 01:05, December 4, 2019
 | This article needs cleanup to meet MEpedia's guidelines. The problems are: Sources not meeting scientific guidelines, link to food sensitivities needed. (Dec 2019) |
Alpha-galactose allergy or alpha-gal allergy or alpha-gal syndrome, also known as meat allergy or mammalian meat allergy (MMA) is a reaction to the carbohydrate, galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal).[1] The body is overloaded with immunoglobulin E (IGE) or contact with the meat-derived carbohydrate.[2]
The alpha-gal molecule is found in all mammals except apes, humans, and Old World monkeys.[3] This allergy most often begins when a Lone Star tick bite transmits a molecule called alpha-gal into the body. In some people, an immune system reaction may later produce mild to severe allergic reactions when red meat is eaten.[4]
The cancer drug, cetuximab (trade name, Erbitux), can cause a reaction in people who live in regions with a high population of Lone Star ticks suggestion a possible link between between Lone Star tick bites and an increased vulnerability to alpha-gal syndrome.[4]
Treatment
There is no treatment other than not eating red meat.[4]
Symptoms
- Hives, itching, or itchy, scaly skin (eczema)
- Swelling of the lips, face, tongue and throat, or other body parts
- Wheezing or shortness of breath
- A runny nose
- Abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting
- Sneezing
- Headaches
- Anaphylaxis, a severe, potentially deadly allergic reaction that restricts breathing[5]
See also
Learn more
- Meat Allergy by ACAAI.org
- Feb 24, 2019 Likelihood of tick bite to cause red-meat allergy could be higher than previously thought Science Daily
References
- ↑ Tick Allergy, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, November 8, 2016, retrieved October 27, 2019
- ↑ Commins, Scott P.; Platts-Mills, Thomas A. E. (February 2013). "Delayed Anaphylaxis to Red Meat in Patients with IgE Specific for Galactose alpha-1,3-Galactose (alpha-gal)". Current allergy and asthma reports. 13 (1): 72–77. doi:10.1007/s11882-012-0315-y. ISSN 1529-7322. PMC 3545071. PMID 23054628.
- ↑ Galili, Uri (September 1, 1993). "Evolution and pathophysiology of the human natural anti-α-galactosyl IgG (anti-Gal) antibody". Springer Seminars in Immunopathology. 15 (2): 155–171. doi:10.1007/BF00201098. ISSN 1432-2196.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Alpha-gal syndrome - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
- ↑ "Omalizumab". Reactions Weekly. 1740 (1): 254–254. February 2019. doi:10.1007/s40278-019-58147-3. ISSN 0114-9954.
