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Cognitive dysfunction
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==Potential treatments== Drugs, supplements and other treatments that have been suggested for reducing cognitive impairment and/or improving brain fog include: *[[Carnitine|Acetyl-L-carnitine]]<ref name="Collatz2014" /> *[[Arabinoxylan]] (ineffective)<ref name="Collatz2014">{{Cite journal | title = A Systematic Review of Drug Therapies for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis | date = Jun 2016 | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27229907/ | journal = Clinical Therapeutics|volume=38 | issue = 6 | pages = 1263–1271.e9 | last = Collatz|first = Ansel | authorlink = | last2 = Johnston | first2 = Samantha C. | author-link2 = | last3 = Staines | first3 = Donald R. | author-link3 = Donald Staines | last4 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first4 = Sonya M. | author-link4 = Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik|doi=10.1016/j.clinthera.2016.04.038|pmc=|pmid=27229907|access-date=|issn=1879-114X|quote=|via=}}</ref> *[[B vitamin complex]] *[[B vitamin]] *[[Clonidine hydrochloride]] (ineffective)<ref name="Collatz2014" /> *[[Dexamphetamine]] (weak evidence)<ref name="canadianconsensus-CCC"/> *[[Dynamic Neural Retraining System]] *[[Fludrocortisone]] (ineffective)<ref name="Collatz2014" /> *[[Histamine]] *[[Hydrocortisone]] (most trials show some positive effective)<ref name="Collatz2014" /> *Lying down or moving to a semi-reclined position for cognitive tasks<ref name="canadianconsensus-CCC"/> *[[Methylene blue]] *[[Methylphenidate]] (weak evidence)<ref name="canadianconsensus-CCC"/> and the experimental treatment [[KPAX002]]<ref name="Uson2008">{{Cite journal | title = Diagnostic and treatment challenges of chronic fatigue syndrome: role of immediate-release methylphenidate | date = 2008-06-01 | url = https://doi.org/10.1586/14737175.8.6.917 | journal = Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics|volume=8 | issue = 6 | pages = 917–927 | last = Valdizán Usón | first = José Ramón | last2 = Idiazábal Alecha | first2 = María Ángeles|doi=10.1586/14737175.8.6.917|issn=1473-7175}}</ref> *[[Modafinil]] for alertness<ref name="canadianconsensus-CCC"/> but Collatz et al. (2014) found it ineffective<ref name="Collatz2014" /> *[[Moclobemide]]<ref name="Collatz2014" /> *[[Neurolinguistic programming]] *[[Nimodipine]] for mental clarity, starting at 30mg, increase up to 60mg if tolerated (weak evidence)<ref name="canadianconsensus-CCC"/> *[[Phenelzine]] (ineffective in ME/CFS)<ref name="Collatz2014" /> *[[Rintatolimod]] (Ampligen) *[[Stellate ganglion block]] in [[dysautonomia]] in some [[long COVID]] patients *[[Valganciclovir]] (ineffective)<ref name="Collatz2014" /> *[[Yoga]]
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