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Adenocorticotropic hormone
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== Structure and Function == There is a two-step process for the release of ACTH. First, the [[hypothalamus]] releases [[corticotropin-releasing hormone]] (CRH) through the hypophyseal portal system to stimulate the anterior pituitary gland. Corticotropin-releasing hormone is normally released in response to biological [[stress]], and is a part of the general stress response.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/acth.html | title = Adrenocorticotropic Hormone | website = vivo.colostate.edu|language=en | access-date = 2018-10-25}}</ref> The anterior pituitary gland responds by releasing ACTH, targeting the adrenal glands (specifically the adrenal cortex). ACTH stimulates the production and secretion of [[glucocorticoid]] steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex. Cortisol is one of the principal hormones secreted, and is released into the bloodstream where it helps convert fats and proteins into [[glucose]], and has an anti-inflammatory effect. ACTH also affects the production of aldosterone in the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone facilitates sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the kidneys. Thus, ACTH is important in glucose, fat, and protein [[metabolism]], the [[Immune system|immune system's]] response, and maintenance of [[blood pressure]].<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://labtestsonline.org/tests/adrenocorticotropic-hormone-acth | title = ACTH | website = labtestsonline.org|language=en | access-date = 2018-10-25}}</ref>
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