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Myalgic encephalomyelitis/he
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== History == Myalgic encephalomyelitis was first classified as a [[nervous system|neurological]] disease by the [[World Health Organization]] in 1969, with the publication of the [[World_Health_Organization#icd8|ICD-8]] manual.<ref name="ICD-8" /> [[File:Hillary Johnson.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Hillary Johnson]] is an [[United States|American]] journalist and while ill herself, wrote the book [[Osler's Web]] which is the historical account of the early years of a "new" illness that had an outbreak at [[1984 Incline Village chronic fatigue syndrome outbreak|Incline Village]] which she shared the same symptoms. The illness came to be known as [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] (CFS). Johnson spent nine years investigating the outbreak and the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|CDC]]'s refusal to acknowledge a devastating disease (deeming sufferers of Incline Village as having "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_psychogenic_illness mass hysteria]") that can be spread through casual contact. She appears in the documentary ''[[Forgotten Plague]]'' and currently writes at [https://www.oslersweb.com/ Oslersweb.com] ]] The ICD-8 did not include any alternative names for myalgic encephalomyelitis although postinfectious encephalomyelitis and all other encephalomyelitis diseases were classified under the same code; fatigue-related alternative names were not added in any later revisions.<ref name="ICD-8" /><ref name="icd10-2016">{{Cite web|url=https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/G93 | title = G93 Other diseases of the nervous system - ICD-10 Version:2016 | last = World Health Organization | first = | authorlink = World Health Organization | date = 2016 | website = World Health Organization|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> The alternative name [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] (CFS) was not in use at this time; it was proposed in 1987 by the [[Centers for Disease Control]], which adopted [[Holmes criteria|new diagnostic criteria]] the following year.<ref name="IOM-full" />{{Rp|29}} In the ICD-9, which was published in 1989, the entry for myalglc encephalomyelitis is uses code 323.9:<ref name="ICD-9">{{Cite book |url=https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/40492/9241540052_eng_v2_p1.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y| title = Manual of the international statistical classification of diseases, injuries, and causes of death : based on the recommendations of the ninth revision conference, 1975, and adopted by the Twenty-ninth World Health Assembly, 1975 revision: alphabetic index | first = | last = World Health Organization & International Conference for the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases|publisher=World Health Organization | year = 1978|isbn=9241540044|editor-link=|edition=9th|volume=2|location=Geneva | page = 182|chapter=|quote=}}</ref> {{Main article | page_name =History of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome}} ME has occurred in both epidemic and sporadic form since at least the 1930s, although it has likely been occurring much longer but was not formally named. The first recorded outbreak of [[epidemic myalgic encephalomyelitis]] was in [[1934 Los Angeles atypical polio outbreak|1934 in Los Angeles]] and was thought to be an outbreak of atypical [[polio]]. After the outbreak in [[Akureyri]], Iceland in 1946, the disease came to be called 'Akureyri Disease' or [[Icelandic disease]] through much of the 1940s and 1950s. It was named ME after London's [[Royal Free Hospital outbreak]] in 1955. Other names included benign myalgic encephalomyelitis and [[Epidemic myalgic encephalomyelitis|epidemic neuromyasthenia]]. After the [[1984 Incline Village chronic fatigue syndrome outbreak|Incline Village]] outbreak in Nevada in 1984, the disease came to be called and redefined as [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] (CFS). The most recent putative outbreak was in [[1996 Mohave Valley region, Arizona|Arizona in 1996]].
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