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Burnout
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'''Burnout''' or '''occupational burnout''' is an informal term that has only recently been recognized as a medical diagnosis, and is used to describe a reaction to emotional stress accompanied by signs of physical or emotional exhaustion.<ref name="icd">{{Cite web | url = https://www.who.int/news/item/28-05-2019-burn-out-an-occupational-phenomenon-international-classification-of-diseases | title = Burn-out an "occupational phenomenon": International Classification of Diseases | last = | first = | author-link = | date = | website = World Health Organization|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status= | access-date = 2021-12-01}}</ref> Less commonly, burnout may refer to the effects of drug abuse.<ref name="mw">{{Cite web | url = https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/burnout#medicalDictionary| title = Definition of Burnout | website = Merrian-Webster Medical Dictionary|access-date = 2021-11-30}}</ref> Occupational burnout results from long-term, unresolvable, job [[stress]]. It is characterized by a set of symptoms that includes exhaustion resulting from work's demands, which feel excessive, exhaustion, and sometimes physical symptoms such as [[headache]]s and [[insomnia|sleeplessness]], being quick to anger, and closed minded thinking.<ref name="black-white">{{Cite web | url = https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/closed-minded | title = Definition of Close Minded | website = Merrian-Webster Medical Dictionary | access-date = 2018-08-14}}</ref><ref name="Freudenberger" /> In 1974, Herbert Freudenberger became the first researcher to publish in a psychology-related journal a paper that used the term burnout.<ref name="Freudenberger">{{Cite journal | last = Freudenberger | first = Herbert J. | date = 1974 | title = Staff Burn-Out | url = https://spssi.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x | journal = Journal of Social Issues|language=en | volume = 30 | issue = 1 | pages = 159β165|doi=10.1111/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x|issn=0022-4537|via=}}</ref> ==Signs and symptoms== * '''energy depletion''', or '''exhaustion''', increased mental distance from job, * negativism or cynicism * reduced professional efficacy<ref name="icd" /><ref name="usatoday" /> Typically for weeks of months. May be linked to [[depression]] or [[anxiety]]. == Diagnosis== Burnout is now recognized as a medical diagnosis, which is aimed to the ICD-11 term: :Problems associated with employment or unemployment.<ref name="usatoday">{{Cite web | url = https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2019/05/28/burnout-official-medical-diagnosis-says-who/1256229001/ | title = Burnout is officially a medical condition, according to the World Health Organization | website = USA TODAY|language=en | access-date = 2021-12-01}}</ref><ref name="icd11">{{Cite web | url = https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en#/http://id.who.int/icd/entity/569175314 | title = ICD-11 - Mortality and Morbidity Statistics | last = World Health Organization | first = | date = | website = icd.who.int| publisher = WHO|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status= | access-date = 2018-10-14}}</ref> ==Overtraining syndrome == In athletes, a combination of a heavy training load with a lack of adaption to it, can result in a persistent reduction in performance combined with exhaustion, this is sometimes called burnout although the correct term is overtraining syndrome.<ref name="sport">{{Cite web | url = http://psychology.iresearchnet.com/health-psychology-research/psychophysiology/burnout-in-sport/ | title = Burnout in Sport - IResearchNet | date = 2016-10-17 | website = Psychology|language=en-US | access-date = 2021-12-01}}</ref> {{See also|Overtraining syndrome}} ==ME/CFS== Burnout is not an alternative name for [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] and does not meet the diagnostic criteria for it. Burnout is a psychological response, not a physical disease like [[ME/CFS]]. ==Treatment== Typically, a reduction in activities, and beginning regular [[stress management]] or relaxation practices. Time off work is often required. Treatment for [[depression]] or [[anxiety]] may be needed if they are present. ==News and articles == *[https://amp.usatoday.com/amp/1256229001 Burnout is an official medical diagnosis] - USA Today *[https://theconversation.com/amp/five-ways-to-deal-with-burnout-using-lessons-from-elite-sport-81522 5 Ways to deal with Burnout from Elite Sport] - The Conversation *[https://www.who.int/news/item/28-05-2019-burn-out-an-occupational-phenomenon-international-classification-of-diseases Burn-out is now an occupational disease] - World Health Organization ==Notable articles== *2006, Clinical burnout is not reflected in the cortisol awakening response, the day-curve or the response to a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test<ref name="Mommersteeg2006">{{Cite journal | title = Clinical burnout is not reflected in the cortisol awakening response, the day-curve or the response to a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test | date = 2006-02-01 | url = https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306453005001757 | journal = Psychoneuroendocrinology | volume = 31 | issue = 2 | pages = 216β225 | last = Mommersteeg | first = Paula M.C. | last2 = Heijnen | first2 = Cobi J. | last3 = Verbraak | first3 = Marc J.P.M. | last4 = van Doornen | first4 = Lorenz J.P. |language=en|doi=10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.07.003|issn=0306-4530}}</ref> - [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Patrick-Mesters/post/What_is_the_best_biomarker_of_stress_in_human_subjects/attachment/59d62c0bc49f478072e9dca3/AS%3A273540450848768%401442228533147/download/7.mommersteeg.etal05.pdf (Full text)] ==See also== *[[Stress]] *[[Overtraining syndrome]] *[[Tired all the time]] *[[Fatigue]] ==Learn more== *[http://psychology.iresearchnet.com/health-psychology-research/psychophysiology/burnout-in-sport/ Burnout in Sport] *[https://people.nhs.uk/executivesuite/support-in-difficult-times/stress-and-burnout/ Stress and Burnout] - NHS *[https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/20043821.html Burnout: The Risk of Physical Assault] - CDC ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Stress response]] [[Category:Diagnoses]]
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