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Arthur Reingold
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== Infectious disease epidemiology in the 21st century == Reingold published an influential paper in 2000, titled "Infectious disease epidemiology in the 21st century: will it be eradicated or will it reemerge?". This paper examined why fewer diseases were being examined for infectious disease associations.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal | last = Reingold | first = A.L. | date = 2000 | title = Infectious disease epidemiology in the 21st century: will it be eradicated or will it reemerge? | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10939007 | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | pages = 57β63|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a018024|issn=0193-936X|pmid=10939007}}</ref> Reingold pointed out that the field of epidemiology originally referred to the study of infectious epidemics, but that an "epidemiologic transition" occurred by the early 1970's:<blockquote>This "epidemiologic transition" left many in the scientific and medical community believing that infectious diseases were (or soon would be) a problem of the past and that we were free to concentrate our future research and prevention efforts on "chronic diseases" such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, stroke, and cardiovascular disease.<ref name=":0" /></blockquote>As part of this "epidemiologic transition", Reingold explains, the field of "chronic disease" epidemiology rapidly expanded, while the field of infectious disease epidemiology shrank dramatically. To illustrate his point, Reingold documents how the percentage of infectious disease papers published in two prominent epidemiology journals dropped from over 80% in the 1920's to less than 20% in the year 2000, despite the many new infectious diseases discovered in the late 20th century. He concludes:<blockquote>In retrospect, medical history was somewhat premature in crossing off classic "infectious diseases" from its list.Β [...] We now know, with a fair degree of certainty, that the rigid distinction between "infectious diseases" and "chronic diseases," [...] which dominated the thinking of generations of epidemiologists, is at best simplistic and misleading. [...] Moreover, various epidemiologic and laboratory observations provide tantalizing suggestions that infectious agents may be involved in the pathogenesis of diverse other "chronic diseases," including juvenile onset diabetes mellitus, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, selected types of arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and sarcoidosis, among others.<ref name=":0" /></blockquote>
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