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'''Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus''' (XMRV) is "a laboratory-derived mouse virus that was generated through recombination between two endogenous murine retroviruses during propagation of a prostate cancer xenograft in the mid-1990’s."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.sciencewatch.com/ | title = ScienceWatch.com - Clarivate Analytics|website=archive.sciencewatch.com|access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref>
'''Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus''' (XMRV) is "a laboratory-derived mouse virus that was generated through recombination between two endogenous murine retroviruses during propagation of a prostate cancer xenograft in the mid-1990’s."<ref>[http://sciencewatch.com/articles/ncis-vinay-k-pathak-de-discovery-retrovirus-disease-link NCI'S Vinay K. Pathak on the "De-Discovery" of a retrovirus-disease link]</ref>


==Chronic fatigue syndrome==
==Chronic fatigue syndrome==
An October 2009 paper by [[Vincent Lombardi]], [[Francis Ruscetti]], Jaydip Das Gupta, [[Max Pfost]], Kathryn S. Hagen, [[Daniel Peterson]], [[Sandra Ruscetti]], Rachel K. Bagni, Cari Petrow-Sadowski, Bert Gold, Michael Dean, [[Robert Silverman]], and [[Judy Mikovits]], entitled "Detection of an Infectious Retrovirus, XMRV, in Blood Cells of Patients with [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]]", claimed to have found a link between [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] and the presence of the retrovirus.<ref>{{Cite journal | last =Mikovits | first = Judy A. | last2 = Silverman |  first2 = Robert H. | last3 = Dean | first3=Michael | last4 = Gold | first4=Bert | last5 = Petrow-Sadowski | first5 = Cari|last6 = Bagni | first6 = Rachel K. | last7 = Ruscetti | first7 = Sandra K. | last8 = Peterson | first8 = Daniel L. | last9 = Hagen | first9 = Kathryn S. | date = 2009-10-23 | title = Detection of an Infectious Retrovirus, XMRV, in Blood Cells of Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|url=https://science.sciencemag.org/content/326/5952/585|journal=Science|language=en|volume=326|issue=5952|pages=585–589|doi=10.1126/science.1179052 |issn=0036-8075|pmid=19815723}}</ref> The paper's primary authors were at that time based at the [[Whittemore Peterson Institute]] (WPI) in Reno, Nevada, [[United States]]. The WPI soon began offering a controversial commercial XMRV testing service.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.prohealth.com/library/wpi-licensed-test-for-xmrv-variants-now-available-27560 | title = WPI-Licensed Test for XMRV & Variants Now Available | last =ProHealth| date = 2010-08-23 | website = Prohealth|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.meassociation.org.uk/2010/04/xmrv-testing-in-the-uk/ | title = XMRV testing in the UK|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref>
An October 2009 paper by [[Vincent Lombardi]], [[Francis Ruscetti]], Jaydip Das Gupta, [[Max Pfost]], Kathryn S. Hagen, [[Daniel Peterson]], [[Sandra Ruscetti]], Rachel K. Bagni, Cari Petrow-Sadowski, Bert Gold, Michael Dean, [[Robert Silverman]] [[Judy Mikovits]] entitled "Detection of an Infectious Retrovirus, XMRV, in Blood Cells of Patients with [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]]" claimed to have found a link between [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] and the presence of the retrovirus.<ref>[http://science.sciencemag.org/content/326/5952/585 Detection of an Infectious Retrovirus, XMRV, in Blood Cells of Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]</ref> The paper's primary authors were at that time based at the [[Whittemore Peterson Institute]] (WPI) in Reno, Nevada, United States. The WPI soon began offering a controversial commercial XMRV testing service.<ref>[http://www.prohealth.com/library/showarticle.cfm?libid=15552 WPI-Licensed Test for XMRV & Variants Now Available]</ref><ref>[http://www.meassociation.org.uk/2010/04/xmrv-testing-in-the-uk/ XMRV testing in the UK]</ref>


Other labs around the world were unable to detect XMRV in their patient samples. In July 2011 the journal issued an editorial expression of concern about the paper.<ref>[http://science.sciencemag.org/content/333/6038/35.1 Editorial Expression of Concern]</ref>
Other labs around the world were unable to detect XMRV in their patient samples. In July 2011 the journal issued an editorial expression of concern about the paper.<ref>[http://science.sciencemag.org/content/333/6038/35.1 Editorial Expression of Concern]</ref>


The paper was fully retracted in December 2011 by the journal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://retractionwatch.com/2011/12/22/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-xmrv-paper-retracted-by-science-completely-this-time/ | title = Chronic fatigue syndrome-XMRV paper retracted by Science, completely this time | last =Oransky | first = Ivan|authorlink=| date = 2011-12-22 | website = Retraction Watch|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last = Alberts | first = Bruce | date = 2011-12-23 | title = Retraction|url=https://science.sciencemag.org/content/334/6063/1636.1|journal=Science|language=en|volume=334|issue=6063|pages=1636–1636|doi=10.1126/science.334.6063.1636-a |issn=0036-8075|pmid=22194552}}</ref>
The paper was fully retracted in December 2011 by the journal.<ref>[http://retractionwatch.com/2011/12/22/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-xmrv-paper-retracted-by-science-completely-this-time/ Chronic fatigue syndrome-XMRV paper retracted by Science, completely this time]</ref><ref>[http://science.sciencemag.org/content/334/6063/1636.1 Retraction]</ref>


One of the key scientists involved in efforts to clarify the situation surrounding XMRV, and eventually to debunk the science, was [[Ian Lipkin]] of Columbia University in New York.<ref>{{Cite journal | last =Callaway | first = Ewen | title = The scientist who put the nail in XMRV's coffin|url=http://www.nature.com/news/the-scientist-who-put-the-nail-in-xmrv-s-coffin-1.11444|journal=Nature News|language=en|doi=10.1038/nature.2012.11444}}</ref>
One of the key scientists involved in efforts to clarify the situation surrounding XMRV, and eventually to debunk the science, was [[Ian Lipkin]] of Columbia University in New York.<ref>[http://www.nature.com/news/the-scientist-who-put-the-nail-in-xmrv-s-coffin-1.11444 The scientist who put the nail in XMRV's coffin]</ref>


Doctor [[Judy Mikovits|Mikovits]] has maintained her view that XMRV is a public health risk and documents those views in her book [[Plague]] with co-author [[Kent Heckenlively]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.greenmedinfo.com/blog/plague-update-xmrv | title = PLAGUE – The Update on XMRV| date = 2015-07-03 | website = greenmedinfo.com|language=en|access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://retractionwatch.com/2014/03/11/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-researcher-mikovits-who-championed-link-to-xmrv-to-publish-book/ | title = Chronic fatigue syndrome researcher Mikovits, who championed link to XMRV, to publish book | last =Oransky | first = Ivan|authorlink=| date = 2014-03-11 | website = Retraction Watch|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref>
Doctor [[Judy Mikovits|Mikovits]] has maintained her view that XMRV is a public health risk and documents those views in her book [[Plague]] with co-author [[Kent Heckenlively]].<ref>[http://www.greenmedinfo.com/blog/plague-update-xmrv PLAGUE – The Update on XMRV]</ref><ref>[http://retractionwatch.com/2014/03/11/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-researcher-mikovits-who-championed-link-to-xmrv-to-publish-book/ Tracking retractions as a window into the scientific process Chronic fatigue syndrome researcher Mikovits, who championed link to XMRV, to publish book]</ref>


Mainstream science considers XMRV to be a laboratory artefact and not a threat to human health or related to chronic fatigue syndrome.{{Citation needed|reason=}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2012/09/final-study-confirms-virus-not-implicated-chronic-fatigue-syndrome | title = Final Study Confirms: Virus Not Implicated in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | last =Enserink | first = Martin|authorlink=| date = 2012-09-18 | website = Science {{!}} AAAS|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-08-07 | last3 = | first3 = }}</ref>
Mainstream science considers XMRV to be a laboratory artefact and not a threat to human health or related to chronic fatigue syndrome.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenotropic_murine_leukemia_virus-related_virus#Chronic_fatigue_syndrome Wikipedia - XMRV - Chronic fatigue syndrome]</ref><ref>[http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2012/09/final-study-confirms-virus-not-implicated-chronic-fatigue-syndrome Final Study Confirms: Virus Not Implicated in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]</ref>
 
In May of 2020, Mikovits released a preview for a documentary, ''Plandemic''.  It was removed from YouTube, Facebook, and other platforms, as it was flagged as health misinformation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-05-08/youtube-facebook-coronavirus-plandemic | title = Facebook and YouTube race to squash viral video full of coronavirus lies| date = 2020-05-09 | website = Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-10 | last =Dean | first = Sam | authorlink=|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=}}</ref>


==Notable studies==
==Notable studies==
*2016, [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27358491 Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus (XMRV) and the Safety of the Blood Supply]
*2016, [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27358491 Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus (XMRV) and the Safety of the Blood Supply]
*2017, [http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpubh.2017.00108/full XMRV and Public Health: The Retroviral Genome Is Not a Suitable Template for Diagnostic PCR, and Its Association with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Appears Unreliable]
==Studies unable to detect XMRV in ME/CFS patients==


*2010, (UK), ''Absence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in UK patients with chronic fatigue syndrome''<ref>{{Cite journal | last =Groom | first = Harriet CT | last2 = Boucherit | first2=Virginie C. | last3 = Makinson | first3=Kerry | last4 = Randal | first4 = Edward | last5 = Baptista | first5 = Sarah|last6 = Hagan | first6 = Suzanne | last7 = Gow | first7 = John W. | last8 = Mattes | first8 = Frank M. | last9 = Breuer | first9 = Judith| date = 2010-02-15 | title = Absence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in UK patients with chronic fatigue syndrome|url=https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-7-10|journal=Retrovirology|volume=7|issue=1|pages=10|doi=10.1186/1742-4690-7-10 |issn=1742-4690|pmc =  2839973|pmid=20156349}}</ref> [http://retrovirology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1742-4690-7-10 (Full Text)]
==Studies unable to detect XMRV in CFS patients==
*2010, (UK), ''Failure to detect the novel retrovirus XMRV in chronic fatigue syndrome.''<ref>{{Cite journal | last =Erlwein | first = Otto | last2 = Kaye | first2 = Steve | last3 = McClure | first3 = Myra O. | last4 = Weber | first4=Jonathan | last5 = Wills | first5 = Gillian|last6 = Collier | first6 = David | last7 = Wessely | first7 = Simon | last8 = Cleare | first8 = Anthony | date = 2010-01-06 | editor-last = Nixon | editor-first = Douglas F. | title=Failure to Detect the Novel Retrovirus XMRV in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|url=http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008519|journal=PLoS ONE|language=en|volume=5|issue=1| pages = e8519|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0008519 |issn=1932-6203|pmc =  2795199|pmid=20066031}}</ref>
*2012, (USA) ''A Multicenter Blinded Analysis Indicates No Association between Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and either Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus or Polytropic Murine Leukemia Virus.'' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3448165/ (FULL TEXT)]<ref>Alter, H. J., [[Judy Mikovits|Mikovits, J. A.]], Switzer, W. M., Ruscetti, F. W., Lo, S.-C., [[Nancy Klimas|Klimas, N.]], … [[Ian Lipkin|Lipkin, W. I.]] (2012). A Multicenter Blinded Analysis Indicates No Association between Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and either Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus or Polytropic Murine Leukemia Virus. mBio, 3(5), e00266–12. http://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00266-12</ref>
*2010, (Netherlands), ''Prevalence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome in the Netherlands: retrospective analysis of samples from an established cohort'' [http://www.bmj.com/content/340/bmj.c1018 - (Full Text)] <ref>{{Cite journal | last =Meer | first=Jos W. M. van der | last2=Galama | first2 = Jochem M. D. | last3 = Netea | first3 = Mihai G. | last4 = Bleijenberg | first4 = Gijs | last5 = Swanink | first5 = Caroline M.A. | last6 = Melchers | first6 = Willem J.G. |last7 = Verhaegh | first7 = Gerald W. | last8 = Lanke | first8 = Kjerstin H. | last9 = Jong | first9 = Arjan S. de | date = 2010-02-26 | title = Prevalence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome in the Netherlands: retrospective analysis of samples from an established cohort|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/340/bmj.c1018|journal=BMJ|language=en|volume=340|pages=c1018|doi=10.1136/bmj.c1018 |issn=0959-8138|pmid=20185493}}</ref>
*2011, (USA) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21543496 ''Absence of XMRV retrovirus and other murine leukemia virus-related viruses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.'']<ref>Shin CH, [[Lucinda Bateman|Bateman L]], Schlaberg R, Bunker AM, Leonard CJ, Hughen RW, [[Alan Light|Light AR]], [[Kathleen Light|Light KC]], Singh IR. (2011) Absence of XMRV retrovirus and other murine leukemia virus-related viruses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. ''Journal of Virology''. 2011 Jul;85(14):7195-202. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00693-11.</ref>
*2010, (China), ''Failure to detect Xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in Chinese patients with chronic fatigue syndrome'' [http://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-7-224 - (Full Text)] <ref>{{Cite journal | last =Hong | first = Ping | last2 = Li | first2 = Jinming | last3 = Li | first3 = Yongzhe | date = 2010 | title=Failure to detect Xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in Chinese patients with chronic fatigue syndrome|url=http://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-7-224|journal=Virology Journal|language=en|volume=7|issue=1|pages=224|doi=10.1186/1743-422X-7-224|issn=1743-422X| pmc = 2945957|pmid=20836869}}</ref>
*2011, (USA) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22312356 ''Failure to Detect XMRV-Specific Antibodies in the Plasma of CFS Patients Using Highly Sensitive Chemiluminescence Immunoassays.'']<ref>Oakes B, Qiu X, Levine S, Hackett J Jr, Huber BT. (2011). Failure to Detect XMRV-Specific Antibodies in the Plasma of CFS Patients Using Highly Sensitive Chemiluminescence Immunoassays. ''Advances in Virology,2011'':854540. doi: 10.1155/2011/854540.</ref>
*2010, (Germany), ''No Evidence for XMRV in German CFS and MS Patients with Fatigue Despite the Ability of the Virus to Infect Human Blood Cells In Vitro'' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3008728/ - (Full Text)]<ref>Hohn, O., Strohschein, K., Brandt, A. U., Seeher, S., Klein, S., Kurth, R., … Bannert, N. (2010). No Evidence for XMRV in German CFS and MS Patients with Fatigue Despite the Ability of the Virus to Infect Human Blood Cells In Vitro. PLoS ONE, 5(12), e15632. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015632</ref>
*2011, (Canada) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3219700/ ''No Evidence for XMRV Nucleic Acids, Infectious Virus or Anti-XMRV Antibodies in Canadian Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome'' - (FULL TEXT)]<ref>Imke Steffen, D. Lorne Tyrrell, [[Eleanor Stein]], Leilani Montalvo, Tzong-Hae Lee, Yanchen Zhou, Kai Lu, William M. Switzer, Shaohua Tang, Hongwei Jia, Darren Hockman, Deanna M. Santer, Michael Logan, Amir Landi, John Law, [[Michael Houghton]], and Graham Simmons. (2011). No Evidence for XMRV Nucleic Acids, Infectious Virus or Anti-XMRV Antibodies in Canadian Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. PLoS ONE, 6(11), e27870. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027870</ref>
* 2010, (US), Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus prevalence in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome or chronic immunomodulatory conditions<ref>{{Cite journal | last =Henrich | first = Timothy J.|author-link = | last2 = Li | first2 = Jonathan Z.|author-link2 = | last3 = Felsenstein | first3=Donna | author-link3 = Donna Felsenstein | last4 = Kotton | first4=Camille N. | authorlink4 = | last5 = Plenge | first5 = Robert M. | authorlink5 = |last6 = Pereyra | first6 = Florencia | authorlink6 = | last7 = Marty | first7 = Francisco M. | last8 = Lin | first8 = Nina H. | last9 = Grazioso | first9 = Paul| date = 2010-11-15 | title = Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus–Related Virus Prevalence in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome or Chronic Immunomodulatory Conditions|url=https://academic.oup.com/jid/article-lookup/doi/10.1086/657168|journal=The Journal of Infectious Diseases|language=en|volume=202|issue=10|pages=1478–1481|doi=10.1086/657168|issn=0022-1899|pmc=2957553|pmid=20936980|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2957553/ (Full text)]
*2011, (Japan) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065418/ ''No association of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus with prostate cancer or chronic fatigue syndrome in Japan'' - (FULL TEXT)]<ref>Furuta, R. A., Miyazawa, T., Sugiyama, T., Kuratsune, H., Ikeda, Y., Sato, E., … Hirayama, F. (2011). No association of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus with prostate cancer or chronic fatigue syndrome in Japan. Retrovirology, 8, 20. http://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-8-20</ref>
*2011, (Japan), [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065418/ ''No association of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus with prostate cancer or chronic fatigue syndrome in Japan'' - (Full Text)] <ref>{{Cite journal | last = Furuta | first = Rika A. | last2 = Miyazawa | first2 = Takayuki | last3 = Sugiyama | first3 = Takeki | last4 = Kuratsune | first4 = Hirohiko | last5 = Ikeda | first5 = Yasuhiro|last6 = Sato | first6 = Eiji | last7 = Misawa | first7 = Naoko | last8 = Nakatomi | first8 = Yasuhito | last9 = Sakuma | first9 = Ryuta | date = 2011-03-17 | title = No association of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus with prostate cancer or chronic fatigue syndrome in Japan|url=https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-8-20|journal=Retrovirology|volume=8|issue=1|pages=20|doi=10.1186/1742-4690-8-20|issn=1742-4690|pmc =  3065418|pmid=21414229}}</ref>
*2010, (UK) ''Absence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in UK patients with chronic fatigue syndrome'' [http://retrovirology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1742-4690-7-10 (FULL TEXT)]<ref>Harriet CT Groom, Virginie C Boucherit, Kerry Makinson, Edward Randal, Sarah Baptista, Suzanne Hagan, John W Gow, Frank M Mattes, Judith Breuer, [[Jonathan Kerr|Jonathan R Kerr]], Jonathan P Stoye and Kate N Bishop. (2010). Absence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in UK patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. ''Retrovirology'', 2010, 7:10. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-7-10</ref>
*2011, (US), ''Absence of [[XMRV]] retrovirus and other murine leukemia virus-related viruses in patients with [[chronic fatigue syndrome]]''<ref>{{Cite journal | last =Shin | first = Clifford H. | last2 = Bateman |  first2 = Lucinda | author-link2 = Lucinda Bateman | last3 = Schlaberg | first3 = Robert | last4 = Bunker | first4=Ashley M. | last5 = Leonard | first5 = Christopher J. | last6 = Hughen | first6 = Ronald W. | last7 = Light | first7 = Alan R. | authorlink7 = Alan Light | last8 = Light | first8 = Kathleen C  | authorlink8 = Kathleen Light | last9 = Singh | first9 = Ila R. | date = Jul 2011 | title = Absence of XMRV retrovirus and other murine leukemia virus-related viruses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3126563/|journal=Journal of Virology|volume=85|issue=14|pages=7195-202|doi=10.1128/JVI.00693-11|via=}}</ref> [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3126563/ (Full Text)]
*2010, (Netherlands) ''Prevalence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome in the Netherlands: retrospective analysis of samples from an established cohort'' [http://www.bmj.com/content/340/bmj.c1018 - (FULL TEXT)]<ref>
*2011, (US), [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22312356 ''Failure to Detect XMRV-Specific Antibodies in the Plasma of CFS Patients Using Highly Sensitive Chemiluminescence Immunoassays''] <ref>{{Cite journal | last =Oakes | first = Brendan | last2 = Qiu | first2 = Xiaoxing | last3 = Levine | first3 = Susan | last4 = Hackett | first4=John | last5 = Huber | first5 = Brigitte T. | date = 2011 | title=Failure to Detect XMRV-Specific Antibodies in the Plasma of CFS Patients Using Highly Sensitive Chemiluminescence Immunoassays|url=http://www.hindawi.com/journals/av/2011/854540/|journal=Advances in Virology|language=en|volume=|pages=1–5|doi=10.1155/2011/854540|issn=1687-8639|pmc =  3265317|pmid=22312356}}</ref>
van Kuppeveld Frank J M, Jong Arjan S de, Lanke Kjerstin H, Verhaegh Gerald W, Melchers Willem J G, Swanink Caroline M A et al. Prevalence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome in the Netherlands: retrospective analysis of samples from an established cohort BMJ 2010; 340 :c1018</ref>
*2011, (Canada), [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3219700/ ''No Evidence for XMRV Nucleic Acids, Infectious Virus or Anti-XMRV Antibodies in Canadian Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome'' - (Full Text)]<ref>{{Cite journal | last =Steffen | first = Imke|author-link = | last2 = Tyrrell | first2 =  D. Lorne|author-link2 = | last3 = Stein | first3=Eleanor | author-link3 = Eleanor Stein | last4 = Montalvo | first4 = Leilani | author-link4 = | last5 = Lee | first5 = Tzong-Hae | authorlink5 = |last6 = Zhou | first6 = Yanchen | last7 = Lu | first7 = Kai | last8 = Switzer | first8 = William M. | last9 = Tang | first9 = Shaohua | last10 = Jia | first10 = Hongwei | authorlink10 = | last11 =  Hockman | first11 = Darren | authorlink11 = | last12 = Santer | first12 = Deanna M. | authorlink12 = | last13 = Logan | first13 = Michael | author-link13 = | last14 = Landi | first14 = Amir | author-link14 = Amir Landi | last15 = Law | first15 = John | author-link15 = | last16 = Houghton | first16 = Michael | author-link16 = Michael Houghton | last17 = Simmons | first17 = Graham | author-link17 = | date = 2011-11-17 | title = No Evidence for XMRV Nucleic Acids, Infectious Virus or Anti-XMRV Antibodies in Canadian Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|url=http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027870|journal=PLoS ONE|language=en|volume=6|issue=11| pages = e27870|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0027870|issn=1932-6203|pmc=3219700|pmid=22114717|quote=|via=}}</ref>
*2010, (China) ''Failure to detect Xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in Chinese patients with chronic fatigue syndrome'' [http://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-7-224 - (FULL TEXT)]<ref>Ping Hong, Jinming LiEmail, and Yongzhe Li. (2010). Failure to detect Xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in Chinese patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Virology Journal, 2010, 7:224. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-7-224</ref>
*2012, (US), ''A Multicenter Blinded Analysis Indicates No Association between Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and either Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus or Polytropic Murine Leukemia Virus.'' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3448165/ (Full Text)]<ref name="Alter, et al, 2012" />
*2010, (Germany) ''No Evidence for XMRV in German CFS and MS Patients with Fatigue Despite the Ability of the Virus to Infect Human Blood Cells In Vitro'' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3008728/ - (FULL TEXT)]<ref>Hohn, O., Strohschein, K., Brandt, A. U., Seeher, S., Klein, S., Kurth, R., … Bannert, N. (2010). No Evidence for XMRV in German CFS and MS Patients with Fatigue Despite the Ability of the Virus to Infect Human Blood Cells In Vitro. PLoS ONE, 5(12), e15632. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015632</ref>
*2014, (Latvia), ''No evidence of [[XMRV]] provirus sequences in patients with [[ME/CFS|myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome]] and individuals with unspecified encephalopathy''<ref>{{Cite journal | last =Rasa | first = Santa | author-link = Santa Rasa | last2 = Nora-Krukle | first2 = Zaiga | author-link2 = Zaiga Nora-Krukle | last3 = Chapenko | first3 = Svetlana | author-link3 = Svetlana Chapenko | last4 = Krumina | first4 = Angelika | authorlink4 = Angelika Krumina | last5 = Roga | first5 = Silvija | authorlink5 = Silvija Roga|last6 = Murovska | first6 = Modra | authorlink6 = Modra Murovska | date = Jan 2014 | title = No evidence of XMRV provirus sequences in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and individuals with unspecified encephalopathy|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24531167|journal=The New Microbiologica|volume=37|issue=1|pages=17–24|issn=1121-7138|pmid=24531167|quote=|via=}}</ref> [http://www.newmicrobiologica.org/PUB/allegati_pdf/2014/1/17.pdf (Full Text)]
*2014, (US), ''No association found between the detection of either xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus or polytropic murine leukemia virus and [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] in a blinded, multi-site, prospective study by the establishment and use of the [[SolveCFS BioBank & Patient Registry|SolveCFS BioBank]]''<ref>{{Cite journal | last =Irlbeck | first = David M. | last2 = Vernon |  first2 = Suzanne D. | authorlink2 = Suzanne Vernon | last3 = McCleary | first3 = K. Kimberly | author-link3 = Kim McCleary | last4 = Bateman |  first4 = Lucinda | authorlink4 = Lucinda Bateman | last5 = Klimas | first5 = Nancy G. | authorlink5 = Nancy Klimas|last6 = Lapp | first6 = Charles W. | authorlink6 = Charles Lapp | last7 = Peterson | first7 = Daniel L. | authorlink7 = Daniel Peterson | last8 = Brown | first8 = James R. | last9 = Remlinger | first9 = Katja S. | date = 2014 | title=No association found between the detection of either xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus or polytropic murine leukemia virus and chronic fatigue syndrome in a blinded, multi-site, prospective study by the establishment and use of the SolveCFS BioBank | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4236736/|journal=BMC Research Notes|volume=7|pages=461|doi=10.1186/1756-0500-7-461|via= | last10 = Wilfret | last11 = Gerondelis | first11 = Peter | first10 = David A.}}</ref> [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4236736/ (Full Text)]
*2017, (Italy), ''XMRV and Public Health: The Retroviral Genome Is Not a Suitable Template for Diagnostic PCR, and Its Association with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Appears Unreliable''<ref name="Panelli, 2017" /> [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5439170/ (Full Text)]


==Learn more==
==Learn more==
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenotropic_murine_leukemia_virus-related_virus Wikipedia - Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenotropic_murine_leukemia_virus-related_virus Wikipedia - Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus]
*2011, [http://science.sciencemag.org/content/333/6050/1694.full?sid=b7ed914a-6290-4f3f-a625-2c4d4557472f False Positive] (Science Magazine)
*2012, [https://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/xmrv-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-update/ XMRV Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Update]
*2012, [https://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/xmrv-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-update/ XMRV Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Update] (Science Based Medicine)
 
=== Abbie Smith ERV blog series of XMRV research ===


=== Abbie Smith blog series of XMRV research ===
*Sep 26 2011, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2011/09/26/xmrv-and-chronic-fatigue-syndr-28/ XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome: Isnt that weird? by Abbie Smith]
*Jun 3 2011, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2011/06/03/xmrv-and-chronic-fatigue-syndr-26/ XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome: So long, and thanks for all the lulz, Part III by Abbie Smith]
*Jun 1 2011, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2011/06/01/xmrv-and-chronic-fatigue-syndr-25/ XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome: So long, and thanks for all the lulz, Part II by Abbie Smith]
*May 31 2011, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2011/05/31/xmrv-and-chronic-fatigue-syndr-23/ XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome: So long, and thanks for all the lulz, Part I by Abbie Smith]
*Feb 25 2011, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2011/02/25/xmrv-lab-contaminant/ XMRV = Lab contaminant.]
*Apr 19 2010, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2010/04/19/xmrv-and-chronic-fatigue-syndr-12/ XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome: A Tale of Two Laboratories]
*Oct 15 2010, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2010/10/15/xmrv-and-autism-best-conflict/ XMRV and Autism: Best conflict of interest EVAH!]
*Jun 14 2010, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2010/06/14/xmrv-and-antiretrovirals-1/ XMRV and antiretrovirals]
*Jun 14 2010, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2010/06/14/xmrv-and-antiretrovirals-1/ XMRV and antiretrovirals]
*Oct 15 2010, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2010/10/15/xmrv-and-autism-best-conflict/ XMRV and Autism: Best conflict of interest EVAH!]
*Apr 19 2010, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2010/04/19/xmrv-and-chronic-fatigue-syndr-12/ XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome: A Tale of Two Laboratories]
*Feb 25 2011, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2011/02/25/xmrv-lab-contaminant/ XMRV = Lab contaminant.]
*May 31 2011, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2011/05/31/xmrv-and-chronic-fatigue-syndr-23/ XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome: So long, and thanks for all the lulz, Part I]
*Jun 1 2011, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2011/06/01/xmrv-and-chronic-fatigue-syndr-25/ XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome: So long, and thanks for all the lulz, Part II]
*Jun 3 2011, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2011/06/03/xmrv-and-chronic-fatigue-syndr-26/ XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome: So long, and thanks for all the lulz, Part III]
*Sep 26 2011, [http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2011/09/26/xmrv-and-chronic-fatigue-syndr-28/ XMRV and chronic fatigue syndrome: Isnt that weird?]


*[http://scienceblogs.com/erv/tag/xmrv/ All blogs tagged XMRV]
*[http://scienceblogs.com/erv/tag/xmrv/ All blogs tagged XMRV]


=== Nevada newsmakers report on XMRV ===
=== Nevada newsmakers report on XMRV ===
*2009, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HjNYMxK86tA XMRV explained on Nevada Newsmakers October 2009]
*2009, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HjNYMxK86tA XMRV explained on Nevada Newsmakers October 2009]


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Judy Mikovits]] (and her book [[Plague]])
*[[Judy Mikovits]] (and her book [[Plague]])
*[[Elaine DeFreitas]]
*[[Elaine DeFreitas]]
Line 68: Line 54:


==References==
==References==
<references>
<references/>
<ref name="Alter, et al, 2012">{{Citation | last1 = Alter | first1 = Harvey J. | authorlink1 = | last2 = Mikovits | first2 = Judy A. | authorlink2 = Judy Mikovits | last3 = Switzer | first3 = William M. | authorlink3 = | last4 = Ruscetti | first4 = Francis W. | authorlink4 = | last5 = Lo | first5 = Shyh-Ching | author-link5 = | last6 = Klimas | first6 = Nancy | authorlink6 = Nancy Klimas | last7 = Komaroff | first7 = Anthony L. | authorlink7 =  Anthony Komaroff | last8 = Montoya | first8 = Jose G. | authorlink8 =  Jose Montoya | last9 = Bateman | first9 = Lucinda | authorlink9 = Lucinda Bateman | last10 =Levine | first10 = Susan  | authorlink10 = Susan Levine | last11 = Peterson | first11 = Daniel | authorlink11 = Daniel Peterson | last12 = Levin | first12 = Bruce  | authorlink12 = Bruce Levin | last13 = Hanson | first13 = Maureen R. | authorlink13 = Maureen Hanson | last14 = Genfi | first14 = Afia | authorlink14 = | last15 = Bhat | first15 = Meera  | authorlink15 = | last16 =  Zheng | first16 = HaoQiang | authorlink16 = | last17 = Wang | first17 = Richard  | authorlink17 = | last18 =  Li | first18 = Bingjie  | authorlink18 = | last19 =  Hung | first19 = Guo-Chiuan | authorlink19 = | last20 = Lee | first20 = Li Ling  | authorlink20 = | last21 = Sameroff | first21 = Stephen  | authorlink21 = | last22 = Heneine | first22 = Walid  | authorlink22 = | last23 = Coffin | first23 = John | authorlink23 = | last24 = Hornig | first24 = Mady| authorlink24 = Mady Hornig | last25 = Lipkin | first25 = W. Ian | authorlink25 = Ian Lipkin | title = A Multicenter Blinded Analysis Indicates No Association between Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and either Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus or Polytropic Murine Leukemia Virus | journal = mBio | volume = 3  | issue = 5  | page = e00266–12 | date = 2012 | pmid =
| doi = 10.1128/mBio.00266-12 }}</ref>
<ref name="Panelli, 2017">{{Citation | last1 = Panelli | first1 = Simona  | authorlink1 = | last2 = Lorusso | first2 = Lorenzo | authorlink2 = Lorenzo Lorusso | last3 = Balestrieri | first3 = Alessandro | authorlink3 = | last4 = Lupo | first4 = Giuseppe| authorlink4 = | last5 = Capelli | first5 = Enrica  | authorlink5 = Enrica Capelli | title = XMRV and Public Health: The Retroviral Genome Is Not a Suitable Template for Diagnostic PCR, and Its Association with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Appears Unreliable | journal = Frontiers in Public Health | volume = 5 | issue =  108  | page =  | date = 2017 | pmid =
| doi = 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00108 }}</ref>
</references>


[[Category:Infectious agents]]
[[Category:Infectious agents]]
[[Category:History]]
[[Category:History]]
[[Category:Notable studies]]
[[Category:Notable studies]]
[[Category:Virology]]
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