MEpedia - User contributions [en]

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-30T09:52:23Z

Ollie:Format

* Unknown_copyright|I don't know exactly

* Free licenses:
** PD|PD: public domain
** PD-USGov|Public domain US Government
** GFDL|GFDL: GNU Free Documentation License
** LGPL|LGPL: GNU Lesser General Public License

* CC-zero|Creative Commons Zero (public domain)

* CC Share-Alike:
** CC-by-sa-4.0|Creative Commons ShareAlike 4.0
** CC-by-sa-3.5|Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.5
** CC-by-sa-3.0|Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.0
** CC-by-sa-2.5|Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5
** CC-by-sa-2.0|Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.0

* CC Attribution only:
** CC-by-4.0|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
** CC-by-3.5|Creative Commons Attribution 3.5
** CC-by-3.0|Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
** CC-by-2.5|Creative Commons Attribution 2.5
** CC-by-2.0|Creative Commons Attribution 2.0
* CC other:
** CC-by-nc-4.0|CC NonCommercial 4.0
** CC-by-nc-nd-4.0|CC NonCommercial No-Derivs 4.0
** CC-by-nd-4.0|CC No-Derivs 4.0

*Fair_Use_License|Fair Use

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-30T09:52:07Z

Ollie:Remove title

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-30T09:41:18Z

Ollie:Re-add colon

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-30T09:40:44Z

Ollie:Test

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-30T09:40:18Z

Ollie:Add colon

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-30T09:07:21Z

Ollie:Update

User talk:Ollie

2018-09-30T09:02:53Z

Ollie:Add

Hi Ollie,

Did you mean to post this to the Ampligen pg? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVwAHIjNkb4&feature=youtu.be
I don't want to make a change just in case their is something I am not connecting.--[[User:DxCFS|DxCFS]] ([[User talk:DxCFS|talk]]) 11:52, 23 August 2016 (PDT)

== Thank you ==

Hello, Ollie. Thank you for your message. I have now set up my talk page and I have moved your message there. I don't know how much I will be able to do, as I don't do much on Wikipedia any more - getting old. As it happens, I stumbled across MEpedia when googling something and I was amazed that there is all this stuff here. Someone has done a lot of work! [[User:LynwoodF|LynwoodF]] ([[User talk:LynwoodF|talk]]) 07:37, 4 August 2017 (PDT)

Sorry to write on your main page, I thought I was writing on your Talk page but clearly not. Welcome to MEpedia, and thank you for your kind words. We would benefit greatly from Wikipedia editing experience here so if any time you feel able to contribute it would be greatly appreciated and very valuable. I was sorry to read you have been sick for so long. [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 01:39, 6 August 2017 (PDT)

:Hello again. If I spot something which needs tidying up, I will do what I can, but I doubt whether I have anything to contribute on the technical front. I am sad to see that [[Bruce Carruthers]] died recently. Mind you, he was in his 80s. I met him when he gave a talk at Kingston Hospital some years ago. He spoke a lot of sense. [[User:LynwoodF|LynwoodF]] ([[User talk:LynwoodF|talk]]) 03:13, 9 August 2017 (PDT)

----
Hello Ollie:

I saw this page [https://www.me-pedia.org/wiki/QEEG/LORETA QEEG/LORETA], but it looks like we have been populating [https://www.me-pedia.org/wiki/QEEG QEEG]. I don't know which is correct so I thought you might want to delete/move/redirect, whatever you think is right.--[[User:MEcfsFMS|MEcfsFMS]] ([[User talk:MEcfsFMS|talk]]) 00:19, 28 August 2018 (EDT)

:Hi. I deleted the QEEG/Loreta article. If you need to move a page, just let me know. If a page needs deleting, you can see it to this category and it gets swept every few weeks https://me-pedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_for_deletion [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 05:51, 1 September 2018 (EDT)

----
Hi Ollie,

There was spam on the CDC page that I did an "undo" on this AM. You need to block IP 73.54.151.15.--[[User:MEcfsFMS|MEcfsFMS]] ([[User talk:MEcfsFMS|talk]]) 11:04, 7 September 2018 (EDT)
:Thanks for undoing and letting me know. I've blocked that IP. [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 03:55, 8 September 2018 (EDT)

----
Hi Ollie,

I think we need to make a decision on the pages Chronic Fatigue https://www.me-pedia.org/wiki/Chronic_Fatigue and Chronic fatigue (symptom)https://www.me-pedia.org/wiki/Chronic_fatigue_(symptom).

I have always linked any "chronic fatigue" in a page to Chronic Fatigue and never even saw there was a Chronic fatigue (symptom). I think we can have just Chronic Fatigue (but the page needs to be renamed to Chronic fatigue) and get rid of Chronic fatigue (symptom) as it isn't filled in. Then, we can always build up the symptom information in Chronic fatigue. For me, it is just too confusing to have two pages, IMO. Again, in other pages, I have always linked chronic fatigue to the Chronic Fatigue page.

Whatever you decide is fine with me.--[[User:MEcfsFMS|MEcfsFMS]] ([[User talk:MEcfsFMS|talk]]) 08:56, 10 September 2018 (EDT)

:Good spot with this. I noticed there was a disambiguation page for "Chronic fatigue" with links to both the symptom page and the CF page (referring to a disease name often used incorrectly) but I agree it's confusing so I've deleted two of them and merged the content into this single article, which is in the symptoms category: https://www.me-pedia.org/wiki/Chronic_fatigue [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 12:03, 23 September 2018 (EDT)

----
User [[Christophergraber]] entered spam on the [[Brain imaging]] page. I am moving here: [https://www.cortechslabs.com/ Cortechs Labs] has 3D MRI technology. Cortechs has a variety of reports, including the [https://www.cortechslabs.com/neuroquant/tba/ NeuroQuant Triage Brain Atrophy Report] which provides volume measurements of 44 brain structures (values are automatically compared to gender and age-appropriate reference distribution) and can help pinpoint areas of inflammation or atrophy.--[[User:MEcfsFMS|MEcfsFMS]] ([[User talk:MEcfsFMS|talk]]) 23:36, 27 September 2018 (EDT)

Also, same user made changes to [[Neuroinflammation]] and I am not sure if this is spam or not. Please check.--[[User:MEcfsFMS|MEcfsFMS]] ([[User talk:MEcfsFMS|talk]]) 23:39, 27 September 2018 (EDT)

:I can't see anything obviously wrong with his remaining content so will not block, for now at least. [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 05:02, 30 September 2018 (EDT)

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-25T12:41:22Z

Ollie:Remove hyphen

* Unknown_copyright|I don't know exactly

* Free licenses:
** PD|PD: public domain
** PD-USGov|Public domain US Government
** GFDL|GFDL: GNU Free Documentation License
** LGPL|LGPL: GNU Lesser General Public License

* CC-zero|Creative Commons Zero (public domain)

* CC Share-Alike:
** CC-by-sa-4.0|Creative Commons ShareAlike 4.0
** CC-by-sa-3.5|Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.5
** CC-by-sa-3.0|Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.0
** CC-by-sa-2.5|Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5

* CC Attribution only:
** CC-by-4.0|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
** CC-by-3.5|Creative Commons Attribution 3.5
** CC-by-3.0|Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
** CC-by-2.5|Creative Commons Attribution 2.5
** CC-by-2.5|Creative Commons Attribution 2.0
* CC other:
** CC-by-nc-4.0|CC NonCommercial 4.0
** CC-by-nc-nd-4.0|CC NonCommercial No-Derivs 4.0
** CC-by-nd-4.0|CC No-Derivs 4.0

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-24T11:38:29Z

Ollie:Move

* Unknown_copyright|I don't know exactly

* Free licenses:
** PD|PD: public domain
** PD-USGov|Public domain US Government
** GFDL|GFDL: GNU Free Documentation License
** LGPL|LGPL: GNU Lesser General Public License

* CC-zero-|Creative Commons Zero (public domain)

* CC Share-Alike:
** CC-by-sa-4.0|Creative Commons ShareAlike 4.0
** CC-by-sa-3.5|Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.5
** CC-by-sa-3.0|Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.0
** CC-by-sa-2.5|Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5

* CC Attribution only:
** CC-by-4.0|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
** CC-by-3.5|Creative Commons Attribution 3.5
** CC-by-3.0|Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
** CC-by-2.5|Creative Commons Attribution 2.5
** CC-by-2.5|Creative Commons Attribution 2.0
* CC other:
** CC-by-nc-4.0|CC NonCommercial 4.0
** CC-by-nc-nd-4.0|CC NonCommercial No-Derivs 4.0
** CC-by-nd-4.0|CC No-Derivs 4.0

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-24T11:29:45Z

Ollie:Add

* Unknown_copyright|I don't know exactly

* Free licenses:
** PD|PD: public domain
** GFDL|GFDL: GNU Free Documentation License
** LGPL|LGPL: GNU Lesser General Public License
** PD-USGov|Public domain US Government

* CC-zero-|Creative Commons Zero (public domain)

* CC Share-Alike:
** CC-by-sa-4.0|Creative Commons ShareAlike 4.0
** CC-by-sa-3.5|Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.5
** CC-by-sa-3.0|Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.0
** CC-by-sa-2.5|Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5

* CC Attribution only:
** CC-by-4.0|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
** CC-by-3.5|Creative Commons Attribution 3.5
** CC-by-3.0|Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
** CC-by-2.5|Creative Commons Attribution 2.5
** CC-by-2.5|Creative Commons Attribution 2.0
* CC other:
** CC-by-nc-4.0|CC NonCommercial 4.0
** CC-by-nc-nd-4.0|CC NonCommercial No-Derivs 4.0
** CC-by-nd-4.0|CC No-Derivs 4.0

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-24T06:33:29Z

Ollie:Add

MEpedia:How to contribute

2018-09-23T16:07:02Z

Ollie:/* Common templates and includes */ Add disambiguation

Contribute to MEpedia today! Anyone can create pages, write content, add links/citations, fact-check, or even just fix typos. Everyone has something to offer, whatever your skills & experience, even if you have never edited a wiki (like Wikipedia) before. Get involved and help the patient community identify all of the best and most important resources for our disease and its research, treatment and history.

To get started, read our [[Editorial Guidelines]] and find more information about how to edit MEpedia below. Please make sure to join our contributor community, the MEpedia [http://facebook.com/groups/218347055598647 Facebook Group]. You can also follow MEPedia [https://www.facebook.com/mepedia/ on Facebook], [https://twitter.com/MEencyclopedia Twitter] and subscribe to us on [https://www.reddit.com/r/MEAction Reddit].

Pages that are a [[red link]] have not been created yet and need to be populated – a full list of these pages [[Special:WantedPages|can be found here]]. Pages that have been created ([[Blue link|blue links]]) but need to be expanded are marked as stubs - a full list of all stubs [[:Category:Stubs|can be found here]]. We also have a [[MEpedia Suggestions#priority pages for expansion|list of priority pages for expansion]].

All we ask is that you read the guidelines (see below) before you edit.

Pages that have problems such as incorrect information, formatting issues, or a lack of citations are marked with a cleanup note. A full list of pages requiring cleanup [[:Category:All articles needing cleanup|can be found here]].

If a page needs deleting (or moving to rename it), you can add it to this category: [[:Category:Articles for deletion|Articles for deletion]]

Have any questions after reading the below? Email [mailto:mepedia@meaction.net mepedia@meaction.net].

== Getting started ==

=== Create an account ===
Before you start editing, you should [[Special:CreateAccount|create an account]] or [[Special:UserLogin|log in]]. Note, if you are not logged in when you make an edit or contribution to a page, your IP address will appear.

==Rules & Guidelines==

*[[Editorial Guidelines]]
*[[Science Guidelines]]
*[[MEpedia:Manual of Style]]

== Suggested tasks ==

===Five minute tasks===
Only have a five minute spoon to give? Here is a [[List of small tasks|list of small tasks]] you can help us with in roughly one to ten minutes of time.

=== Priority projects ===
Want to dive in deeper? Browse a [[MEpedia suggestions#Suggestions - High Priority|list of larger projects]] and page revisions.
== Roles ==
There are so many different roles contributors can play, at every level of cognitive ability or technical expertise. Every contributor can play one or more roles. All are important and help us grow and improve the project!

'''The Scientist:''' If you have a science background or a passion for science, we definitely need your expertise improving our medical and science pages and ensuring that all content is correct, accurate and cited. (Note: unlike Wikipedia, every fact presented on MEpedia does not need to be replicated or have appeared in a review article. However, the limitations of individual studies and the certainty of findings need to be properly contextualized and qualified. For more, see the [[Science Guidelines]])

'''The Translator:''' While many of the science pages will have highly technical information, useful to medical professionals and researchers, it's our goal that the opening section of every page (which usually comes before the table of contents) can provide a one to two paragraph summary that is accessible to as general audience as possible. As a page matures and contains a lot of information, The Translator can write an opening paragraph if none exists or improve the opening paragraph(s) to make it even more accessible.

''But you don't necessarily need to have a technical background to play any of these roles:''

'''The Historian:''' Help us improve our content on the history of [[Myalgic encephalomyelitis|ME]] and [[Chronic fatigue syndrome|CFS]] (and before it was either of these things, [[Icelandic disease|Icelandic Disease]] and [[Poliomyelitis|atypical polio]]). Bring to life the [[List of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome outbreaks|outbreaks]] of the past by digging into the newspaper and journal records and creating pages for individual outbreaks.

'''The Biographer:''' We have dozens of pages with biographies of scientists, clinicians, historical figures and activists with ME. These can always be improved and there are many people still missing. (See our categories for [[:Category:Famous people with ME, CFS, and/or FMS|famous people]], [[:Category:Researchers|researchers]], [[:Category:Clinicians|clinicians]], [[:Category:Advocates or allies|advocates]])

'''The Editor:''' As pages grow through the addition of new information, they can often become hard to navigate. Read our more developed pages and see whether they can be improved by breaking up very long sections into sub-sections, improving overall flow, organization and readability, or updating the opening paragraph to better reflect the way the page may have grown and changed.

'''The Link Collector:''' Sometimes you may not have the cognitive capacity or time to take an interesting article and writing it into an existing page. However, you can help simply by collecting links and pasting them on the "Discussion" page of a given article, with perhaps a sentence or two explaining its relevance, so that someone in the future can take that link and incorporate that into the page.

'''The Deep Sea Diver:''' You may not have an expertise in a particular area, but you decide to adopt a page you feel passionate about, and build it from the ground up, reading every reference you can find. It's a long, slow process but can be really gratifying to develop mastery over a specific topic!

'''The Photo Curator:''' Many of our pages could be improved simply through the addition of images and drawings. It's important to make sure you have permission to use the any photos you add , that they are in the public domain, or that they carry a Creative Commons license. See this category listing articles that need images or photos adding to them: [[:Category:Articles that need an image or photo]]. [https://wiki.creativecommons.org/wiki/Best_practices_for_attribution ''Best practices for attribution''] via [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons Creative Commons]. See our examples: [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:HRQoL-journal.pone.0132421.g003.PNG Fig 3. Unadjusted means and medians compared to different conditions.], [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:Gaga.jpg Lady Gaga arriving at the Gaga: Five Foot Two press conference during the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival], [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:Cranial_Nerves.png Cranial Nerves], [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:Adam_Lowe.jpg Adam Lowe], [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:Epigenetics.jpg Epigenetics Mechanisms] and [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:MMC_Logo_2.JPG Millions Missing Canada].

'''The Bridge Builder:''' pick a [[Special:DeadendPages|dead end]] page and create internal links to related MEpedia content within the body of the page or by added pages to the "See also" section. Or, find an [[Special:LonelyPages|orphan page]] and link to it from existing pages.

'''The Expander:''' browse MEpedia's [[Special:ShortPages|shortest pages]] and help us lengthen them.

'''The Proofreader:''' Fix small typos and grammatical errors as you go. Or visit the [[Welcome to MEpedia|front page]] and hit "[[Special:Random|random]]" to be taken to a random article. Or see the list of [[Special:RecentChanges|recently updated pages]]. Read and correct mistakes.

'''The Citation Catcher:''' Many citations are simple links, without the proper article title, journal name, date or author information. Correcting citations are a great way to help us improve this project.

'''The Manual Writer:''' All of our support documentation could always be improved. Help us find ways to better explain the tools and guidelines behind MEpedia and help make them more accessible. To contribute in this way, consider starting a new thread in our [https://www.facebook.com/groups/218347055598647/ Facebook group] and making a suggestion.

'''The Community Organizer:''' Help us grow this project by growing the community around it. Invite friends to join our [https://www.facebook.com/groups/218347055598647/ Facebook group]. Act as a greeter, help folks feel welcome, answer questions as they arise.

'''The Outreacher:''' Help us build links between MEpedia and others. For example posting MEpedia articles to other M.E, community forums and asking for help improving them, sending links to MEpedia articles to scientists (e.g. the page about them) and asking them to update the page and confirm it is complete, asking researchers to read MEpedia pages related to their work and provide feedback on what needs adding, or asking M.E. blog writers to include MEpedia links in their articles so their readers can learn more.

'''The Supporter:''' Help MEpedia by helping, training and supporting its volunteer team. Help everyone learn how to edit pages, to do more advanced editing, and how to more effectively create content. Maybe you're a technologist who finds it easy to learn and teach others about wiki editing, or a technical writer who cannot commit to contribute much but can help others to write.

'''The News Reader:''' Help keep MEpedia fresh by updating its pages based on news you read. For example if you read a new article published by journalist David Tuller, make sure his page has been updated to include the latest article. Or if an announcement is made by the NIH or some other organization, update relevant pages to reflect the news.

See [[How_to_contribute#How_can_I_contribute.3F|even more ways to contribute]].

==A note on ME v. CFS==
We have separate pages for [[Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]], [[ME/CFS]] and [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]] as well as [[SEID]]. The convention is that the terminology used in an ME-pedia article should match the terminology used in the underlying source. Where there is a tension between the term used in the source and the definition (e.g., [[ME]] defined by the [[Oxford criteria]] or [[CFS]] defined by the [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]]), it may be useful for clarity to mention the definition used.

==How do I create a new page?==
Simply type in the title of your new page and hit "create page." You'll want to [[Special:Search|search]] the existing database of pages to make sure that your page or a similar page does not already exist.<inputbox>
type=create
break=no
</inputbox>
You can also browse our list of [[Special:WantedPages|"wanted" pages]] – pages that are linked to from existing pages, but don't yet exist.

==How do I edit existing pages?==

There are two types of editor on this wiki, the '''Visual editor''', which operates more like your word processing or email program, and the '''Source editor''', which uses a special kind of wiki code. Most users will prefer to use the Visual editor, but for more advance applications or if the Visual editor is "down" (as happens from time to time), the resources below will help you learn how to navigate both.

Look for the "edit" (Visual editor) or "edit source" (Source editor) links at the top of the page (to edit the whole page) and next to each section heading (to edit just that section).

After you've made your changes, scroll down to the 'Show Preview' section, add a comment, preview your changes, then save them.

=== Using the visual editor ===

To learn how to use the visual editor, please see Wikipedia's [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide visual editor user guide].

Note that the Visual Editor includes a facility to automatically insert full citations, by just specifying the link or doi to the source, see [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/VisualEditor/Design/Reference_Dialog#Auto-filled_Web_Citations Visual Editor Auto-filled Web Citations].

=== Using the source code editor ===
The source code editor is a more advanced way of editing MEpedia. See our tricks and tips on how to [[Using the source code editor|get started with the source code editor]].

== Article outlines, templates and includes==

=== Article outlines ===
A list of [[MEpedia article outlines|copy-and-paste outlines]] for new articles depending category.

=== Common templates and includes ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Template name
!Description / Function
!Source editor code
!Installation status
!Visual editor status
|-
|Cleanup needed
|Indicates articles that need cleanup and the reason why.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Cleanup|reason= |date= }}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but could use cleaner visual (e.g., a box/outline around it). See Wikipedia's version and compare to MEpedia.
|Possible fields do not appear. Would be wonderful if there could be a handful of prefab reasons for cleanup that could allow for searching on those reasons (e.g., view all pages with citation issues, all pages requiring editing or reorganization, all pages that are too long, all pages not written in encyclopedic style, etc).
|-
|Stub article
|Indicates a very short article that is a "stub" waiting to be expanded.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{stub}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but compared with Wikipedia's version.
|I don't know if Stub article take fields
|-
|Main
|Links a section of one page to the full article on another.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Main|page}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed, but no formatting. See Wikipedia for example of how formatting should be displayed.
|Possible fields do not appear
|-
|Citation needed
|Indicates facts that require citations.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Citation needed}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but not working properly (may be missing a component).
|
|-
|All pages in a category
|Automatically displays all of the articles within the specified category
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{PagesInCategory|category-name}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Can be spread across columns, see examples.
|No explicit support
|-
|All categories in a category
|Automatically displays all of the sub-categories within the specified category
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{CategoriesInCategory|category-name}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Can be spread across columns, see examples.
|No explicit support
|-
|Mark an article as needing a photo or image adding to it
|Adds it to the category [[:Category:Articles that need an image or photo]]
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{NeedsImage}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|
|No explicit support
|-
|Mark a page as being a disambiguation page, linking to two or more articles that a word or term may refer to.
|
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Disambiguation}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|
|No explicit support
|}

==Other ways to contribute==

===Make a suggestion===
Almost everyone working on MEpedia is sick, including bed-bound patients. Although we welcome suggestions please, please if you possibly can, create/edit the page yourself. It is very easy to add a new page or make an improvement – be bold! Together we are stronger as a community. If you REALLY can't edit the page, then you can go to the [[MEpedia suggestions]] page, click Edit, and add your suggestion to the list for someone else to consider implementing in future.

===Implement a suggestion===
If you want to contribute but aren't sure where to start, try looking at the [[MEpedia suggestions]] and consider implementing an improvement suggested by others.

===Create a new article===

To create a new article, simply search for the title of the article you wish to create. If a page does not already exist, you will see an option to create the page. Alternatively if you see a red link to the page, that means it does not yet exist. Just click the red link to create the page.

Once you have a blank editable article open, consider copying-and-pasting an outline into it for that type of article, so you have a set of headings to prompt writing. See [[MEpedia article outlines]]

Remember that articles must use strong citations. For example if you write "ME/CFS can be successfully treated with XYZ", you MUST provide a reference to evidence, ideally a high quality (randomized, placebo-controlled) published study. If there is no evidence, the wording must reflect this, for example "ME/CFS is sometimes treated using XYZ, but currently there is no good evidence for its use".

=== Expand a topic ===

Pages with blue links (as opposed to red) exist already, and can be proof-read, improved and extended. Remember statements need to be supported by the best available evidence or source, for example a published quote by a person, or a paper in a scientific journal.

=== Check our references ===

You can make sure facts are properly cited and references are in correct format.

We aim to serve a general audience, a research audience, and a patient audience. All entries should be cited and make clear to distinguish what has and has not been established by peer-reviewed research findings. Articles should aim to provide both a general overview of a specific topic as well as discuss its implications or applications in ME and CFS.

=== Correct typos ===

You can also copy-edit existing articles for typos and edit for clarity.

=== Clean-up poor pages ===
Some pages are inconsistently formatted, too long, are presented badly, need partially rewriting, or suffer from other problems. Those pages are marked as needing clean-up, and are listed under [[clean up list|all articles needing cleanup]].

===Mark pages as needing cleanup===
If you see a problem with a page, it needs clean-up, and you are not able to resolve it, mark the page as needing cleaning by adding a marker like this including a description of the problem:

''<nowiki>{{Cleanup | reason=the article is full of incorrect capitalization | date=August 2018}}</nowiki>''

For more details see [[Template:Cleanup|Cleanup]].

== Other Resources ==

* [[mw:Help:Editing|Help:Editing]]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings|Configuration settings list]]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki|FAQ]]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources|Localise MediaWiki for your language]]
* [[Power user/editor tips]]
* [[:Category:Fundamental | Categories browser]]

[[Category:MEpedia guidelines]]

User talk:Ollie

2018-09-23T16:03:18Z

Ollie:Comment

Chronic Fatigue

2018-09-23T16:01:43Z

Ollie:Ollie moved page Chronic Fatigue to Chronic fatigue

#REDIRECT [[Chronic fatigue]]

Chronic fatigue

2018-09-23T16:01:43Z

Ollie:Ollie moved page Chronic Fatigue to Chronic fatigue

[[File:Chronic-Fatigue-Patil.jpg|3206px|right|thumb|Source: Chronic fatigue syndrome: A review (Balachander et al.) 2014.]]
:''This article is about the symptom of Chronic Fatigue, a misnomer often used by the media. For the symptom of chronic fatigue, please see [[chronic fatigue (symptom)]].''
'''Chronic fatigue''' (CF) is a symptom of many diseases, illnesses and medications. It means the patient experiences significant and long-term fatigue. It should be distinguished from the disease called [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] (CFS), of which chronic fatigue is only one of many symptoms. The two terms are not interchangeable. Wikipedia contains separate pages for each.

== Chronic fatigue vs. Chronic fatigue syndrome ==
[[Verywell FMS/CFS|Verywell FMS/ME/CFS]] has two blogs discussing the difference. ''Chronic Fatigue vs. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - One's a Symptom, One's a Disease''<ref>[https://www.verywell.com/chronic-fatigue-vs-syndrome-189751 Chronic Fatigue vs. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - One's a Symptom, One's a Disease]</ref> and ''Chronic Fatigue Versus Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - What's the Difference?''<ref>[http://arthritis.about.com/od/fatigue/f/chronicfatigue.htm Chronic Fatigue Versus Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - What's the Difference?]</ref>

Dr. [[Jarred Younger]] explains Chronic fatigue and begins by stating "Fatigue is not a disease and it is not even a symptom. So fatigue is a alarm system and the most general alarm system the body has." [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJB95m4FLa0 Webinar with Jarred Younger, Ph.D. (@6:04-7:54)]

==Examples of incorrect usage==
In these examples the disease chronic fatigue syndrome is erroneously referred to using the name of only one of the many symptoms involved, chronic fatigue. Chronic fatigue is a symptom, not a disease.
*Feb, 2016, [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-3439290/Chronic-fatigue-sufferers-6-times-likely-commit-suicide.html How the hell of chronic fatigue drives sufferers to suicide: Those battling condition are SIX times more likely to take their own lives]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-3439290/Chronic-fatigue-sufferers-6-times-likely-commit-suicide.html|title=People with chronic fatigue are 6 times more likely to commit suicide|last=Spencer|first=Ben|date=Feb 9, 2016|work=Mail Online|access-date=2018-09-10|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}</ref>
*Feb, 2015, [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2949369/Chronic-fatigue-real-disease-Doctors-draw-new-guidelines-diagnose-condition.html Chronic fatigue IS 'a real and serious disease': Doctors draw up new guidelines on how to diagnose the condition]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2949369/Chronic-fatigue-real-disease-Doctors-draw-new-guidelines-diagnose-condition.html|title=Chronic fatigue IS 'a real and serious disease', say doctors|last=Hodgekiss|first=Anna|date=Feb 11, 2015|work=Mail Online|access-date=2018-09-10|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}</ref>

== Notable studies ==
*2018, [https://www.sleep-journal.com/article/S1389-9457(18)30397-6/abstract Association of sleep disorders, chronic pain, and fatigue with survival in patients with chronic kidney disease: A meta-analysis of clinical trials]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yang|first=Xiu Hong|last2=Zhang|first2=Bao Long|last3=Gu|first3=Yan Hong|last4=Zhan|first4=Xiao Li|last5=Guo|first5=Li Li|last6=Jin|first6=Hui Min|date=2018|title=Association of sleep disorders, chronic pain, and fatigue with survival in patients with chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis of clinical trials|url=https://www.sleep-journal.com/article/S1389-9457(18)30397-6/abstract|journal=Sleep Medicine|language=English|volume=51|pages=59–65|doi=10.1016/j.sleep.2018.06.020|issn=1389-9457|via=}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Post-exertional malaise]] (PEM)
*[[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]]
*[[Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]]
*[[Fukuda criteria]]
*[[Oxford criteria]]

==Learn more==
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(medical)#Chronic_fatigue Wikipedia - Fatigue (chronic fatigue)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_fatigue_syndrome Wikipedia - Chronic fatigue syndrome]
*Jun 21, 2014, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c2vIQ92wU9Y ME/CFS Diagnosis and Name with Dr. Nancy Klimas]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c2vIQ92wU9Y|title=ME/CFS Diagnosis and Name with Dr. Nancy Klimas|last=Klimas|first=Nancy|date=Jun 21, 2014|website=YouTube|publisher=ME/CFS Community|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>

== References ==
<references>
</references>

[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]

Chronic fatigue

2018-09-23T16:00:24Z

Ollie:Move content here from "Chronic fatigue (symptom)" article

MediaWiki:Licenses

2018-09-23T15:55:00Z

Ollie:Add licences

* Unknown_copyright|I don't know exactly
* Free licenses:
** MW-screenshot|MediaWiki screenshot
** PD|PD: public domain
** CC-by-sa-2.5|Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.5
** GFDL|GFDL: GNU Free Documentation License
** GPL|GPL: GNU General Public License
** LGPL|LGPL: GNU Lesser General Public License
* Non-free license (exception):
** CopyrightByWikimedia|Wikimedia images

User talk:Ollie

2018-09-08T07:55:17Z

Ollie:Comment

Talk:Malcolm Hooper

2018-09-01T10:06:18Z

Ollie:Add

Add https://twitter.com/Hervorrager/status/1021817323446042624?s=19 ? [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 06:06, 1 September 2018 (EDT)

Talk:Epidemiology of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome

2018-09-01T10:05:25Z

Ollie:Add

==Quality of Life / Severity==

Add these to QoL / severity section:

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0132421
Canadian Community Health Survey (Statistics Canada). 2015

And https://www.dovepress.com/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-and-quality-of-life-peer-reviewed-article-PROM ? [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 06:05, 1 September 2018 (EDT)

Additional useful citations:

This is a most severe illnesses in terms of impact on the patient, as indicated by multiple quality of life / sickness impact studies. For example, US infectious diseases specialist Philip Peterson and team employed the ‘Medical Outcome Study’ to measure physical suffering, with a maximum score of one hundred representing best health. ‘CFS’ patients in Peterson's clinic scored, on average, 16. Presenting findings, Peterson said "We really haven't seen anything like it with respect to the other medical illness," adding that he had needed to engage an artist to redesign the morbidity graph for the slide presented, since no other category of patients had ever scored so low.
SOURCE: Hillary Johnson; Osler's Web 1996; Peterson research published as: Peterson PK, Schenck CH, Sherman R. Chronic fatigue syndrome in Minnesota. Minnesota Med 1991 ;74: 21-26.
It should be noted that the most severely affected patients are bedbound, tube-fed because they are unable to swallow, unable to speak or to tolerate light, sound or touch.
Regarding prognosis, there is no age group for whom ‘complete recovery’ is the norm. Indeed we are not aware of a single documented case of recovery to the point where life is not at all restricted by this illness. To cite published findings, a systematic review of 14 studies found:
a median full recovery rate during the follow up periods of 7%
that only a minority of participants had improved at all over the study period - the median proportion of patients who improved during follow up being 39.5%.
SOURCE: Carruthers, B. et al. Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Clinical Working Case Definition, Diagnostic and Treatment Protocols Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Vol. 11 (1) 2003, pp7-115; citing: Cairns R & Hotopf M A systematic review describing the prognosis of chronic fatigue syndrome Occupational Med, 2005, 55, 20-31.

----

There are some epidemiological studies on the notable studies page: http://www.me-pedia.org/index.php?title=Notable_Studies [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 08:51, 30 November 2015 (PST)

Removed reference that cited Dr. Unger's CDC Grand Rounds for statistics on unemployment. She gave no statistics on percentage of patients who do or do not work during that presentation. [[User:Kmdenmark|Kmdenmark]] ([[User talk:Kmdenmark|talk]]) 12:55, 18 Apr 2018 (EST)

Mary Glindon

2018-09-01T10:03:52Z

Ollie:Create article outline

{{Stub}}
{{NeedsImage}}

'''Mary Glindon''' is a British Member of Parliament.

==Talks and interviews==
*2018, [https://twitter.com/BBCNewsbeat/status/1022437940528640000?s=19 Mary Glindon MP urging he government to increase M.E. research funding]

==Online presence==
*Twitter
*Facebook
*Website/Blog
*YouTube

==See also==

==Learn more==
*Wikipedia

==References==
<references>

</references>

[[Category:Advocates or allies]]
[[Category:United Kingdom politicians]]
[[Category:Politicians]]
[[Category:United Kingdom Members of Parliament]]

Talk:Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Advisory Committee

2018-09-01T09:59:05Z

Ollie:Created page with "Recordings, transcripts to add https://twitter.com/CornellMECFS/status/1023951304522178560?s=19 ~~~~"

Recordings, transcripts to add https://twitter.com/CornellMECFS/status/1023951304522178560?s=19 [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 05:59, 1 September 2018 (EDT)

Talk:PACE trial

2018-09-01T09:52:31Z

Ollie:Suggestion

This is wonderfully comprehensive but no longer a digestible primer to give general audiences an overview of PACE history, trial design, flaws, controversies. Suggest dramatically shortening the article and moving more detailed sections to independent pages, linking to main page using the Main template (see: [[myalgic encephalomyelitis]] for example) --[[User:JenB|JenB]] ([[User talk:JenB|talk]]) 00:31, 10 July 2018 (PDT)

There are already many primers and overview including by #MEA for general audience and if required a seperate shorter primer can also be done. This is an encyclopaedia and therefore all the comprehensive information should be contained here in one location for ease and reference purposes. This can be discussed in due course if required.

==Perhaps add this Times article==
https://twitter.com/RobertHMcMullen/status/1031932838482993154?s=09 [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 05:52, 1 September 2018 (EDT)

==References, query on order used==

Is there a reason why the first references used link to the trial protocol, rather than the published study? I think that is counter-intuitive, most users coming to this page would want to access the full study, rather than the initial protocol. [[User:AndyPR|AndyPR]] ([[User talk:AndyPR|talk]]) 03:57, 3 July 2018 (PDT)
:Your idea makes sense to me. I support the references being changed. [[User:Kmdenmark|Kmdenmark]] ([[User talk:Kmdenmark|talk]]) 11:00, 3 July 2018 (PDT)

Agree this is not correct, would be better done as you suggest. Feel free to reorder them. [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 04:15, 4 July 2018 (PDT)

==Content to add==

Actigraphy article by Lucy (ex Lancet) https://lucibee.wordpress.com/2018/05/09/pace-trial-whatever-happened-to-actigraphy/ [[User:Ollie|Ollie]] ([[User talk:Ollie|talk]]) 03:17, 16 May 2018 (PDT)

FOIs https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/user/g_ryan
https://www.dropbox.com/s/gdcdwlj4kyq3x2t/R%20-%20PACE%20Trial%20application%20150218.pdf?dl=0

To add reference from MSM about impact on bio research of the PACE trial
http://www.sciencealert.com/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-low-energy-production-in-cells-metabolic-disease
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-5058807/People-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-exhausted.html

Regarding the peer-reviewed papers criticizing the trial. It would be good to have all of them (or links to where they are on this page) in a single section that is linked to from the table of contents. (I came to check to see the size of the list and did not find the section.)

We should include links to the SMC "expert opinions" for each of the papers.[[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 04:38, 29 November 2015 (PST)

We should include a link to a full copy (hosted where?) of the PACE "Manual for Therapists" (are there separate manuals for CBT/GET?). PACE web site copies deleted. [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 04:38, 29 November 2015 (PST)

And perhaps include notable quotes from the papers/manuals like this https://twitter.com/batteredoldbook/status/670579432483090433/photo/1 [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 04:38, 29 November 2015 (PST)

We should also add notable criticisms from Malcolm Hooper, not sure yet where to find them. [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 04:39, 6 December 2015 (PST)

More links to consider using as references: Invest in ME criticism http://www.investinme.org/IIME-Newslet-1511-01.htm RetractionWatch response re recent paper data release refusal http://retractionwatch.com/2015/12/12/weekend-reads-what-do-phds-earn-does-peer-review-work-collaborations-dark-side/ https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2015/12/12/formal-request-to-plos-one-to-issue-an-expression-of-concern-for-pace-cost-effectiveness-study/ https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/23608059/PACE%20F325-15%20-%20Prof.%20James%20Coyne%20-%20Response-2.pdf http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22870204#cm22870204_13300 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_fatigue_syndrome_treatment#PACE_trial [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 03:16, 13 December 2015 (PST)

Another Coyne FoI blog to add https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2015/12/13/why-i-dont-know-how-plos-will-respond-to-authors-refusal-to-release-data/ [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 02:18, 14 December 2015 (PST)

PLOS response to data request. http://www.plosone.org/annotation/listThread.action?root=87754 and Coyne blog about it. https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2015/12/15/plos-one-response-to-concerns-about-kings-college-refusal-to-share-pace-data/ [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 06:10, 15 December 2015 (PST)

Consider including this chart of the PACE data (by patients, who?). https://twitter.com/Katiissick/status/676317109685587968?s=09 [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 06:26, 15 December 2015 (PST)

More from Jonathan Edwards, https://twitter.com/sandwichpickle/status/676789963917275136/photo/1 [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 08:43, 15 December 2015 (PST)

Chronology from Malcolm Hooper http://www.meactionuk.org.uk/PACE-Trial-Complaint-Chronology-FINAL.htm [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 08:36, 16 December 2015 (PST)

----

These are the main PACE trial papers, published to date:

2007 Published protocol: 
White PD, Sharpe MC, Chalder T, DeCesare JC, Walwyn R; PACE trial group. 
Protocol for the PACE trial: a randomised controlled trial of adaptive pacing, cognitive behaviour therapy, and graded exercise, as supplements to standardised specialist medical care versus standardised specialist medical care alone for patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis or encephalopathy. 
BMC Neurol. 2007; 7:6. 
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2377/7/6

2011 Main PACE trial paper: 
White PD, Goldsmith KA, Johnson AL, Potts L, Walwyn R, DeCesare JC, Baber HL, Burgess M, Clark LV, Cox DL, Bavinton J, Angus BJ, Murphy G, Murphy M, O'Dowd H, Wilks D, McCrone P, Chalder T, Sharpe M; PACE trial management group. 
Comparison of adaptive pacing therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, graded exercise therapy, and specialist medical care for chronic fatigue syndrome (PACE): a randomised trial. 
Lancet. 2011; 377:823-36. 
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(11)60096-2/abstract

2012 Cost-effectiveness analysis (Includes employment and welfare benefits data): 
McCrone P, Sharpe M, Chalder T, Knapp M, Johnson AL, Goldsmith KA, White PD. 
Adaptive pacing, cognitive behaviour therapy, graded exercise, and specialist medical care for chronic fatigue syndrome: A cost-effectiveness analysis. 
PLoS ONE 2012; 7:e40808. 
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0040808

2013 [Alleged] "Recovery" paper: 
White PD, Johnson AL, Goldsmith K, Chalder T, Sharpe MC. 
Recovery from chronic fatigue syndrome after treatments given in the PACE trial. 
Psychological Medicine 2013; 43:2227-35. 
http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0033291713000020

2013 Statistical Analysis Plan: 
Walwyn R, Potts L, McCrone P, Johnson AL, DeCesare JC, Baber H, Goldsmith K, Sharpe M, Chalder T, White PD. 
A randomised trial of adaptive pacing therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, graded exercise, and specialist medical care for chronic fatigue syndrome (PACE): statistical analysis plan. 
Trials 2013; 14:386. 
http://www.trialsjournal.com/content/14/1/386

2014 Adverse events and deterioration: 
Dougall D, Johnson A, Goldsmith K, Sharpe M, Angus B, Chalder T, White P. 
Adverse events and deterioration reported by participants in the PACE trial of therapies for chronic fatigue syndrome. 
J Psychosom Res. 2014; 77:20-6. 
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022399914001883

2015 Mediation Analysis (contains the fitness step test results): 
Rehabilitative therapies for chronic fatigue syndrome: a secondary mediation analysis of the PACE trial. 
Chalder T, Goldsmith KA, White PD, Sharpe M, Pickles AR. (2015) 
Lancet Psychiatry 2015; 2:141–52 
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366%2814%2900069-8/abstract

2015 Two Year Follow Up. 
Sharpe M, Goldsmith KA, Johnson AL, Chalder T, Walker J, White PD. 
Rehabilitative treatments for chronic fatigue syndrome: long-term follow-up from the PACE trial. 
Published Online: 27 October 2015. 
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00317-X | 
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(15)00317-X/fulltext

----

There are also some minor PACE-related papers:

Lawn T, Kumar P, Knight B, Sharpe M, White PD. (2010) 
Psychiatric misdiagnoses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. 
JRSM Short Rep. 1:28.

Cella M, Sharpe M, Chalder T. (2011) 
Measuring disability in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: reliability and validity of the Work and Social Adjustment Scale. 
J Psychosom Res. 71:124-8.

Cella M, White PD, Sharpe M, Chalder T. (2013) 
Cognitions, behaviours and co-morbid psychiatric diagnoses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. 
Psychological Medicine 43:375-380. doi:10.1017/S0033291712000979

Bourke JH, Johnson AL, Sharpe M, Chalder T, White PD. (2014) 
Pain in chronic fatigue syndrome; response to rehabilitative treatments in the PACE trial. 
Psychological Medicine 44:1545-52 doi:10.1017/S0033291713002201

Cox D, Burgess M, Chalder T, Sharpe M, White P, Clark L. (2013) 
Training, supervision and therapists' adherence to manual-based therapy. 
International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 20:180-186.

== Narrative ==
'I think this page needs a little more narrative (paragraphs rather than bullets). Most notably, it's missing a section about what the trial actually found. It's nearly all controversy and statements against. There is also no information about how the PACE trial authors and Simon Wessely have defended the work or what their position and point of view are. It's important to include to understand the whole picture. Lastly, even if you are going to do a list of quotes from lot of different people, there needs to be an introductory paragraph to that section that explains what hte key criticisms were. Otherwise it's a lot to read and interpret. I am not deleting what comes later in terms of lists of resources but I am trying to include more context up top on the key findings of the trial and key criticisms before launching into the politics/controversy --[[User:JenB|JenB]] ([[User talk:JenB|talk]]) 12:11, 13 February 2016 (PST)

== Suggestions moved here from the general Suggestions page ==
'''To make page with all blogs from patients for PACE trial and link to original PACE page''
*Ensure this data retraction and reversion is documented alongside the details of the 2015 study http://retractionwatch.com/2016/05/20/plos-editors-discussing-authors-decision-to-remove-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-data/
*Add blog on trial participants https://autodidactauthor.wordpress.com/2016/08/29/pace-and-the-interests-of-trial-participants/
*Link to Peter Kemp blogs, and consider using (with credit) his excellent charts https://peterkempblog.wordpress.com/2016/09/10/10/ and
*Add recovery song https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbKTBMyZfX0 (to section for the recovery paper)
*Add Cort piece http://www.healthrising.org/forums/threads/another-ball-drops-in-pace-controversy-cost-effectiveness-conclusions-faulty-plus-update.4446/
*Add Cort blog http://www.healthrising.org/blog/2016/09/23/pace-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-cbt-get-retraction/
*Add Cort piece to PACE & Lancet pages http://www.healthrising.org/blog/2016/09/14/lancet-pace-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-ridicule/
*Add Cort article on PACE http://www.healthrising.org/forums/threads/the-pace-trials-big-stumble-uk-tribunal-orders-release-of-pace-data.4776/
*Add https://spoonseeker.com/2016/05/08/door-to-freedom-revisited/
*Add https://spoonseeker.com/2016/05/01/closing-the-door-on-freedom/
*Add https://johnthejack.com/2016/04/18/why-the-dispute-about-pace-trial-data-matters-to-everyone/
*Add https://valerieeliotsmith.com/2016/04/28/qmul-v-the-information-commissioner-and-matthees-tribunal-hearing-and-open-justice/
*Add https://valerieeliotsmith.com/2016/04/14/qmuls-upcoming-appeal-against-the-information-commissioners-decision-on-release-of-pace-trial-data-20-april-2016/
*Add https://valerieeliotsmith.com/2016/05/16/qmul-v-ic-and-matthees-pace-trial-pt-2-documents-open-justice-and-open-data/
*Add https://valerieeliotsmith.files.wordpress.com/2015/12/foia-request-to-qmul-re-no-of-pace-requests.pdf
http://www.healthrising.org/blog/2016/08/18/federal-report-says-almost-no-evidence-cbtget-work-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-mecfs/ and and
*Add http://porbeagle.blogspot.co.uk/2015/10/statement-regarding-series-of-articles.html
*Make sure this is included http://pacedocuments.blogspot.co.uk/2016/02/summary-of-my-specific-concerns-about.html
*Add http://steamtraen.blogspot.co.uk/2015/12/my-current-position-on-pace-trial.html?showComment=1450133140176#c141970579755405430
*Add http://andrewgelman.com/2016/01/05/pace-study-and-the-lancet-journal-reputation-is-a-two-way-street/
*Add http://andrewgelman.com/2015/12/25/more-on-the-pace-chronic-disease-syndrome-study-scandal/
*Add http://andrewgelman.com/2015/12/25/more-on-the-pace-chronic-disease-syndrome-study-scandal/ (AND OTHERS!). Pick out quotes.
*Consider adding more content by Hooper, Margaret Williams, Jane Bryant, One Click, Angela Kennedy
*Add letter exchange with Malcolm Hooper after PACE http://www.investinme.org/Article427%20Initial%20response%20by%20Hooper%20to%20undated%20letter%20by%20White%20to%20Horton.htm
*Link Wessely page to M Williams piece on insurance industry links http://forums.prohealth.com/forums/index.php?threads/simon-wessely-et-al-the-insurance-industry.103075/
*Consider adding this chart https://twitter.com/bobbobme/status/730382076936105988?s=09
*Add http://www.meactionuk.org.uk/Hooper-to-Horton-15-April-2016.htm
Tribunal stuff
*Add Peter White response post data release http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2016/09/22/peter-white-et-al-releasing-patient-data-from-the-pace-trial-for-chronic-fatigue-syndrome/
*Link to (actually better to upload a copy to MEpedia) of Alem Matthees collation of patient experiences of PACE
*Link to the actual data released to Matthew
*Document AHRQ update on London criteria and PACE results and
http://www.meaction.net/2016/08/18/ahrq-agrees-get-useless-cbt-ineffective/
*Add
*Make sure this chart is included under the right paper https://twitter.com/TomKindlon/status/726098825518145536?s=09
*Add https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-29/may-2016/our-struggle-between-science-and-pseudoscience
Original stuff
*Add BMJ article from PACE release year http://www.meassociation.org.uk/2011/06/ending-the-stalemate-over-cfsme-british-medical-journal-22-june-2011/
*Consider adding this document planning communication of the trial http://impact.ref.ac.uk/casestudies2/refservice.svc/GetCaseStudyPDF/18135
*Ensure the PACE media coverage section includes these http://www.qmul.ac.uk/media/news/items/smd/44140.html http://www.primarycarereports.co.uk/uk.html
*Make sure QMUL statement on PACE is linked to http://www.qmul.ac.uk/media/news/items/smd/181216.html?utm_content=social-q3azo&utm_medium=social&utm_source=SocialMedia&utm_campaign=SocialPilot
*Add this page on CFS on the Kings College web site to MEpedia http://www.kcl.ac.uk/innovation/groups/projects/cfs/health/index.aspx#prove
*Make sure the press conference transcript is linked to next to the recordings link http://www.meactionuk.org.uk/pacepressconf.html
*Add Jane Colby letter to PACE page and her page https://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/feb/24/truth-about-exercise-and-therapy
*Ensure this chart from 2013 recovery paper is included https://twitter.com/MECFSquestions/status/766305304443322368/photo/1
*Add neurasthenia article http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM195708222570802
*Make sure Vink paper included https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301202396_The_PACE_Trial_Invalidates_the_Use_of_Cognitive_Behavioral_and_Graded_Exercise_Therapy_in_Myalgic_Encephalomyelitis_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_A_Review
*Add https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/the-unfolding-story-of-removal-of-data-from-a-plos-one-article/
*Add http://www.jpsychores.com/article/S0022-3999%2816%2930232-X/abstract
*Add https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2016/05/09/half-year-passes-without-release-of-plos-one-pace-trial-data/
*Add http://retractionwatch.com/2016/05/20/plos-editors-discussing-authors-decision-to-remove-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-data/
*Source this chart and consider adding to page https://twitter.com/MECFSquestions/status/730358976429314049
*Make sure this is included http://www.fom.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/Hidden-Disabilities-Trudie-Chalder.pdf
*Add https://twitter.com/LouCorsius/status/719993266876391424/photo/1
*Add new Coyne piece to data release section https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2016/04/07/in-the-standoff-over-release-of-the-pace-plos-one-trial-data-has-the-journal-just-blinked/
*Add new article http://psychcentral.com/news/2016/04/05/debate-over-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-therapy/101259.html
*Add Vink paper, and document any new criticisms he makes, extract any poignant quotes http://www.sciforschenonline.org/journals/neurology/JNNB-2-124.php
*Add latest Schneider piece (and to Lancet page) https://forbetterscience.wordpress.com/2016/04/05/does-the-lancet-care-about-patients/
*Not sure where but this oddity (absurd reasoning for stats errors) should be documented at least on Wessely and Chalder pages. https://twitter.com/EricaVerrillo/status/716387401451618304?s=09 [partially done - needs review - see Biopsychosocial model]
*add quotes from recent Coyne and Tuller articles (see 'completed' list)
*copy Coyne articles from PACE Trial and Cochrane page, to Coyne page
*Add http://retractionwatch.com/2015/12/16/plos-one-issues-editors-note-over-disputed-chronic-fatigue-research/
*Add http://www.meresearch.org.uk/news/brain-white-matter/
*Add https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27224647
*Make sure this included https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2425324/

===PACE tasks Done?===
*Add Julie R slides tearing PACE apart to the page, with highlights quoted http://www.slideshare.net/JulieRehmeyer/bad-statistics-bad-reporting-bad-impact-on-patients-the-story-of-the-pace-trial?utm_source=slideshow&utm_medium=ssemail&utm_campaign=post_upload_view_cta
*Add Simon McGrath article http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2016/09/22/simon-mcgrath-pace-trial-shows-why-medicine-needs-patients-to-scrutinise-studies-about-their-health/?utm_campaign=shareaholic&utm_medium=twitter&utm_source=socialnetwork
*Document tribunal findings re harassment claims
*Add MEAction blog http://www.meaction.net/2016/09/22/the-pace-trial-fiasco/
*Add http://niceguidelines.blogspot.co.uk/2015/12/principal-investigators-of-pace-and.html
*Add http://evaluatingpace.phoenixrising.me/PACE_Protocol.pdf
*Add http://forums.phoenixrising.me/index.php?threads/peter-white-complaining-about-pace-trial-foi-request-and-calling-for-changes-to-foi-laws.42027/
*Add Nigel Hawkes defence piece post PACE data release http://www.bmj.com/content/354/bmj.i5053
http://f1000research.com/articles/5-781/v1
https://twitter.com/postersandme/status/766003841590554625/photo/1
*Document key findings of the data release tribunal https://twitter.com/YsabelleStewart/status/765508280873615360/photo/1
*Document Chalder's statement about the Cochrane study as not independent to the Cochrane page
*Include key findings re Ross Anderson, witness for the PACE study, http://www.twitlonger.com/show/n_1sp0pjo\
http://www.twitlonger.com/show/n_1sp0pjo
https://twitter.com/chezboo2/status/765540769016848384/photo/1
https://twitter.com/cheshfr/status/765606851262222341/photo/1
*Add https://ico.org.uk/media/action-weve-taken/decision-notices/2016/1623988/fs50600710.pdf
http://www.meaction.net/2016/09/05/lancet-rejects-scientists-pace-letter/*
*Add https://www.facebook.com/notes/peter-kemp/the-pace-trial-spinning-the-results-to-the-media/1206334246049385- on his page from blog
http://www.meresearch.org.uk/news/ahrq-review/
*Add http://www.occupycfs.com/2016/05/12/pace-gate/
*Add http://www.meaction.net/2016/05/14/racianello-pace-obfuscation-will-continue-until-we-are-all-dead/
https://peterkempblog.wordpress.com/2016/09/10/pace-trial-participants-were-they-exploited/
*Add Peter Kemp blog on SMC to SMC and PACE pages https://peterkempblog.wordpress.com/2016/09/23/the-science-media-centre-and-the-pace-trial-a-deceptive-partnership/
*Add http://www.statnews.com/2015/12/23/sharing-data-science/*Add article by a QMUL student critical of the failure to release data http://theprintnews.co.uk/2016/01/scientists-demand-transparency-on-pace-trial/
*Add http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2015/12/16/richard-smith-qmul-and-kings-college-should-release-data-from-the-pace-trial/
http://www.foxnews.com/health/2011/02/18/pushing-limits-help-chronic-fatigue-patients.html
*Add Racaniello quote "sham" https://twitter.com/knittahknits/status/770311882926358528
*Ensure Richard Horton / Lancet / PACE pages include this pivotel Horton quote https://twitter.com/postersandme/status/766265142795526144/photo/1
*Add Michael VanElzakker quotes https://twitter.com/MBVanElzakker/status/765678606425198592 and https://twitter.com/MBVanElzakker/status/765686260195332096
*Add blog on data release https://johnthejack.com/2016/06/29/using-public-money-to-keep-publicly-funded-data-from-the-public/
*Add Virology blog podcast that discusses PACE https://twitter.com/TomKindlon/status/768256875338969088?s=09
*Update blood donation page with http://www.nhsbt.nhs.uk/news-and-media/news-archive/news_2010_10_07.asp and https://twitter.com/velogubbed/status/727601250473259009 and https://aprescriptionforme.wordpress.com/2015/06/18/can-people-with-m-e-give-blood-and-organs/

===PACE tasks Done?===
*Add PACE protocol http://www.meactionuk.org.uk/FULL-Protocol-SEARCHABLE-version.pdf
*Add http://www.wolfson.qmul.ac.uk/images/pdfs/participantsnewsletter1.pdf
*Add http://www.wolfson.qmul.ac.uk/images/pdfs/participantsnewsletter2.pdf
*Add http://www.wolfson.qmul.ac.uk/images/pdfs/participantsnewsletter3.pdf
*Add http://www.wolfson.qmul.ac.uk/images/pdfs/participantsnewsletter4.pdf
*Add http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(15)00114-5/fulltext
*Check this Lancet editorial from 2011 is referred to on the PACE trial page http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(11)60696-X/fulltext
*Add James Coyne's Belfast talk video to his page and the PACE page https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8jHRNxMOAjA&feature=youtu.be
*Add https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2016/03/26/we-dont-share-data-why-peter-whites-wall-street-journal-letter-can-be-ignored/ to PACE page on data release
*Add https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2016/03/20/why-the-cochrane-collaboration-needs-to-clean-up-conflicts-of-interest/ article criticising Cochrane to his page, PACE page & Cochrane page
*Add https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2016/01/05/undisclosed-conflicts-of-interest-in-a-systematic-review-protocol-of-interventions-for-medically-unexplained-symptoms/
*Add https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2016/01/02/glimpses-into-the-assault-on-data-sharing/
*Add https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2015/12/22/recognizing-when-protecting-patient-privacy-is-mere-excuse-for-not-sharing-data/
*Add https://jcoynester.wordpress.com/2015/12/18/kings-college-london-stalls-some-more-reiterating-refusal-to-release-the-pace-trial-data/
*Add http://www.virology.ws/2016/01/04/trial-by-error-continued-questions-for-dr-white-and-his-pace-colleagues/
*Add http://www.virology.ws/2015/12/17/a-request-for-data-from-the-pace-trial/
*Add http://www.virology.ws/2015/12/22/revisiting-the-plos-one-economics-analysis-of-pace/
*Add statements about Aus PACE data demands
**http://sacfs.asn.au/news/2016/04/04_05_letter_from_mecfs_australia_sa_inc_to_the_queen_mary_university_london.htm
**http://forums.phoenixrising.me/index.php?threads/tell-our-charities-qmul-must-release-pace-data.42767/page-8#post-711379
*Add this dental ME/CFS guide https://twitter.com/TomKindlon/status/715923546778824705?s=09 (maybe to home page section containing patient guides?)
*Add article to Vitamin D and Microbiome pages https://cfsremission.wordpress.com/2016/04/02/vitamin-d-and-the-microbiome/
*Make sure this RNase L study is included. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8148461
*Add http://www.meaction.net/2015/12/21/nih-considering-ampligen-and-rituximab-trials/
*Add Janet Dafoe talk to her page https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BnGcdbnp4I4&feature=youtu.be
*Add podcast link https://twitter.com/MBVanElzakker/status/734277452009201664
*Add to mitochondria, naviaux and OMF pages http://www.healthrising.org/blog/2016/05/19/mitochondria-man-gets-money-uk-goes-mega-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-research-moves-forward/
*Add https://www.scimex.org/newsfeed/closer-to-a-full-understanding-of-chronic-fatigue-syndrome
*Add categories for all main page entries (in preparation for move to use category listing extension)
** please can someone post an accurate list of the category names --[[User:Suelala|Suelala]] ([[User talk:Suelala|talk]]) 22:53, 12 March 2016 (PST)
** Full list of categories can be found here: http://me-pedia.org/wiki/Special:Categories --[[User:Samsara|Samsara]] ([[User talk:Samsara|talk]]) 15:10, 23 June 2016 (PDT)

== Angela Kennedy ==
Have moved Kennedy quotes here as not cited and need more work before can be considered for inclusion.

===[[Angela Kennedy]], sociologist and author===

Angela Kennedy has made specific critiques of PACE regarding the following areas: (ref: [http://pacedocuments.blogspot.co.uk/2016/02/summary-of-my-specific-concerns-about.html Summary of my specific concerns about PACE with annotated bibliography])

1. Serious risks to clinical patient safety caused by unsound claims made about the efficacy of CBT and GET following the PACE trial;

2. Gross discrepancies between research and clinical cohorts, and how clinical patients (and the physiological dysfunction associated with them) appear to have been actively excluded from PACE and other research by the research group involved in PACE, which has, ironically, caused serious resulting risks to clinical patient safety in the UK in particular;

3. Related to the above, gross discrepancies in how various sets of patient criteria were used (and/or rejected), including but not limited to a changing of the London criteria by PACE authors from its original state, a set of criteria which was already controversial and problematic to start with for a number of reasons;

4. Failure of the PACE trial authors to acknowledge the range and depth of scientific literature documenting serious physiological dysfunction in patients given diagnoses of ME or CFS, and how CBT and GET approaches may endanger patients in this context;

5. The inclusion of major mental illnesses in the research cohort;

6. The distortion by PACE trial researchers of 'pacing' from an autonomous flexible management strategy for patients into a therapist led Graded Activity approach;

7. The post hoc dismissal of adverse outcomes as irrelevant to the trial, in direct contradiction to what is scientifically known about the physiological dysfunctions of people given diagnoses of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ;

8. The instability of 'specialist medical care' as a treatment category, and the lack of any sound category of 'control' group.

[[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 02:46, 4 March 2016 (PST)

:I have reinstated the above summary. It was not in order to completely remove a person's contributions to PACE critique from the main page indefinitely, especially as no clear reason for 'improvement' has been given, and my contribution to PACE critique has been treated differently to others cited here. [[User:Angela Kennedy]]

::~~I copied over again as the citations did not come up correctly but now do. I am thinking that it is just a matter of formatting to look like all other authors and their information. Perhaps saying "Items 1 through 8 discuss main points of citations." and then indented numbered bullets so that it is obvious the points are from the cited paragraphs. Not sure if this was the issue or not but might be.--[[User:DxCFS|DxCFS]] ([[User talk:DxCFS|talk]]) 13:27, 21 April 2016 (PDT)

::[[User:DxCFS|DxCFS]] ([[User talk:DxCFS|talk]])I see. You are citing bullet points from your own blog post. We all know what you state is true, but where are you drawing your conclusions on each bullet point. I know they are really trying to stick to science and scientific conclusions because the future of correct publishing on the PACE trial and appeals in court depend on it.--[[User:DxCFS|DxCFS]] ([[User talk:DxCFS|talk]]) 13:44, 21 April 2016 (PDT)

:::I agree with DxCFS and Olliec's general points here. I believe all the others we've cited in that section either have medical credentials, journalistic credentials, or are publishing on behalf of ME/CFS organizations which they represent. I feel that any material we quote should meet one of those criteria. While I know Angela has done a fair bit of work for ME/CFS, I don't know if she actually does meet any of those criteria (Angela: please correct me if you do), and it's usually advised that a person should not substantially edit material that's about them or add material written by them (in short, they should not self-promote). I will fully admit that these criteria are not clearly outlined here, at least not that I'm aware of, but I think if we're going to keep any kind of neutrality to the article, the material published needs to come from an organization or medical/research professional, not just a well-known advocate. – [[User:RobinHood70|Robin Hood]]  [[User talk:RobinHood70|(talk)]] 18:22, 21 April 2016 (PDT)

::::I just noticed the section immediately below the one Angela's currently in about "citizen-scientists". Would that, perhaps, be a more appropriate section to list her under? We'd have to remove the word "patient" from the section heading, since she's an advocate and not a patient, though. Still, given the clear context of the section, I'd even say the current content and reference could go there, since that section clearly implies that the persons listed have no related credentials other than significant experience with the topic. The reference would also be appropriate in that context, since it's what she's written. – [[User:RobinHood70|Robin Hood]]  [[User talk:RobinHood70|(talk)]] 11:39, 22 April 2016 (PDT)

:::::That seems appropriate RobinHood. Her page can also have this post and I assume it does. Whether these 8 posts are listed on this page or perhaps it can be stated there are 8 points as the Blog clearly outlines them. Also, it isn't that she isn't correct in her conclusions, it would be helpful if the blog would show exactly how she came to those conclusions. We have been stating points like these but no one cares unless we can show scientifically and statistically just why these claims are not so or have patient interviews listed and referenced even though PACE authors were not required to do the same scientifically, statistically or have patient interviews referenced.--[[User:DxCFS|DxCFS]] ([[User talk:DxCFS|talk]]) 16:01, 22 April 2016 (PDT)

The summary I've produced gives a list of various publications I've had about PACE, including my book, responses to articles that are there for all to see etc. which sets out key points I have made. In this respect I'm like most of the critics of PACE! If people want to read my points at length to adequately convey my points, then please do so. As regards 'citizen scientists'. I find this a strange division from the so-called 'medical credential' preoccupation. I have an academic qualification, and my field of research is the sociology of science. This does make me 'qualified' enough. By the logic of above comments, a GP with no knowledge of the PACE trial problems is more 'qualified' to be quoted than me, or Tom Kindlon for that matter. It's a flawed dichotomy. There should not be any division. People who have made key points should be listed in the same section. On top of this - I was one of the first people to critique the PACE trial. You need to be putting that history (and not just about me) in this frankly. Hooper, Margaret Williams, Jane Bryant, One Click etc. Angela Kennedy

== Suggestions ==
Thanks, Suelala! I've just been through doing a few tweaks and adding a load of references.

minor suggestions:
* use a piped link to allow hyperlink in lower-case, and display text in mixed case, for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Graded Exercise Torture, Adaptive Pacing Therapy, etc [I'm afraid I couldn't get my head around this!]

There's plenty more to say about PACE but this is all I can manage and I have to move onto other things now, though I aim to print it off and check again for errors.

Thanks for your help!

:Sasha, the last half of the text has been deleted, from 'Controversy' onward - including Requests from Scientists, Petitions, Open Letters, Quotes, FOI requests, etc. is this what you intended ? --[[User:Suelala|Suelala]] ([[User talk:Suelala|talk]]) 00:52, 8 March 2016 (PST)

::Hi Sue - I don't understand what you mean but I see you've found me elsewhere - let's carry on the conversation there! :)

:::Today I have reverted three recent edits to the page (see in View History) as the oldest of those three edits deleted most of the page content. The edits since then have been reverted and lost, but they still show in the log so can be manually re-applied. Please be careful when editing (use Preview) to make sure the page remains intact. [[User:Olliec|Olliec]] ([[User talk:Olliec|talk]]) 02:04, 8 March 2016 (PST)

== Comments on various sections by Sasha ==
=== Media section ===
Just doing a sweep-through to remove my editorialising (that was me in those early sections, sorry!) from the front end. With those particular spectacles on, I see there's some stuff in the Media section that's critical of some of the media coverage (the Chalder comment, the alteration of the Telegraph article, the SMC) and I wondered where the best place is to introduce the controversy over the media coverage.

I think that now that there's some media coverage supporting patients' criticism (e.g. WSJ), that should be included.

Don't know how to handle this issue but wanted to raise it for the the folks dealing with this section. [[User:Sasha Anonymous|Sasha Anonymous]] 09:08, 9 March 2016

=== Research and treatment section ===

This section also goes into criticism and goes beyond PACE to a wider consideration and critique of the Oxford studies. I think it's better to narrow the focus back to PACE and to mention that PACE is the reason the NICE guidelines are on the static list.

But in case people disagree, I'm parking the text I'm replacing with the original:

:Note: text removed, as it can always be recovered from the article's history. – [[User:RobinHood70|Robin Hood]]  [[User talk:RobinHood70|(talk)]] 18:10, 21 April 2016 (PDT)

== Neutrality ==
I worry that the previously neutral, encyclopedic tone of this page has become increasingly skeptical. I think it's better to keep tone neutral and slowly build argument in the appropriate sections (e.g., criticism, controversy) rather than editorializing from the start. We hope for a broad audience, including readers who might find an approach with a strong perspective less credible. For example, the "findings" section contains several implicit and explicit critiques that should be probably be saved for the "criticisms" section. It's important to let the reader first learn what it is that the PACE trial actually says before presenting the criticism and controversy --[[User:JenB|JenB]] ([[User talk:JenB|talk]]) 21:55, 6 March 2016 (PST)

This may be helpful: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view It doesn't mean that we can't include all the criticisms and all the controversy, but the sections that are for describing what the PACE trial said and found should be kept neutral and state just those facts – to be refuted in the following sections. --[[User:JenB|JenB]] ([[User talk:JenB|talk]]) 22:14, 6 March 2016 (PST)

== Cleanup ==
I've attempted to clean this talk page up a bit. I haven't fully changed it to traditional talk-page format (due to overlapping edits, what appear to be deliberate insertions, requests for deletion, etc.) but it should be at least close to what the author(s) intended. The only significant change I made to content was to remove Sasha's copy of the "Research and treatment" section, as this can readily be recovered from the article history. On a lesser note, I removed a duplicate reference in the Angela Kennedy section and changed it to not be a reference, just so it's easier to deal with here on the talk page. I also changed multiple dashes as a separator to only four, since that will generate a separator line, regardless of page width. – [[User:RobinHood70|Robin Hood]]  [[User talk:RobinHood70|(talk)]] 18:10, 21 April 2016 (PDT)

== Blog post on the involvement of many institutions ==
I thought this point made by [[Disabled in Tory Britain]] was valid but not certain where to post on the page. This is from the diary post [https://disabledintorybritain.wordpress.com/2016/09/02/diary-day-116-will-publishing-the-cfsme-pace-trial-data-topple-the-nhs/ Diary Day 116: Will Publishing The CFSME PACE Trial Data Topple The NHS?]

''If that scenario happens, what will that mean for:

UK Medical Research Council
Department of Health
the Scottish Chief Scientist’s Office
The Department for Work and Pensions
The Wolfson Institute
Queen Mary University
3 London hospitals
1 Oxford hospital
1 Edinburgh hospital
The ethics committee who passed the research protocol?

''Look at that list…..take one long hard look. They worked together, not alone. They were one body, not separate. They were the partners that brough the PACE trial to its conclusion and the NHS worked on their recommendations.''

Will just leave this post here for now. : ) --[[User:DxCFS|DxCFS]] ([[User talk:DxCFS|talk]]) 08:45, 2 September 2016 (PDT)

== NEUTRALITY ==

"Neutrality[edit]
I worry that the previously neutral, encyclopedic tone of this page has become increasingly skeptical. I think it's better to keep tone neutral and slowly build argument in the appropriate sections (e.g., criticism, controversy) rather than editorializing from the start. We hope for a broad audience, including readers who might find an approach with a strong perspective less credible. For example, the "findings" section contains several implicit and explicit critiques that should be probably be saved for the "criticisms" section. It's important to let the reader first learn what it is that the PACE trial actually says before presenting the criticism and controversy --JenB (talk) 21:55, 6 March 2016 (PST)

This may be helpful: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view It doesn't mean that we can't include all the criticisms and all the controversy, but the sections that are for describing what the PACE trial said and found should be kept neutral and state just those facts – to be refuted in the following sections. --JenB (talk) 22:14, 6 March 2016 (PST)"

'''AGREED! we need info that is convincing to the generally sceptic general public (I'm a CFS sufferer)'''

==Trial By Error==
Just moving the Trial By Error articles here as it now has its own page and I put in a template.
'''Trial by Error Series'''

*Oct 21 2015 [http://www.virology.ws/2015/10/21/trial-by-error-i/ "TRIAL BY ERROR: The Troubling Case of the PACE Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study"]
*Oct 22 2015 [http://www.virology.ws/2015/10/22/trial-by-error-ii/ "TRIAL BY ERROR: The Troubling Case of the PACE Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study (second instalment)"]
*Oct 23 2015 [http://www.virology.ws/2015/10/23/trial-by-error-iii/ "TRIAL BY ERROR: The Troubling Case of the PACE Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study (final instalment)"]
*Oct 30 2015 [http://www.virology.ws/2015/10/30/pace-trial-investigators-respond-to-david-tuller/ PACE trial investigators respond to David Tuller]
*Oct 30 2015 [http://www.virology.ws/2015/10/30/david-tuller-responds-to-the-pace-investigators/ "David Tuller responds to the PACE Investigators"]
*Nov 4 2015 [http://www.virology.ws/2015/11/04/trial-by-error-continued-did-the-pace-study-really-adopt-a-strict-criterion-for-recovery/ "Trial By Error, Continued: Did the PACE Study Really Adopt a ‘Strict Criterion’ for Recovery?"]
*Nov 13 2015 [http://www.virology.ws/2015/11/13/an-open-letter-to-dr-richard-horton-and-the-lancet/ "An open letter to Dr. Richard Horton and The Lancet"]
*Nov 17 2015 [http://www.virology.ws/2015/11/17/trial-by-error-continued-pace-teams-work-for-insurance-companies-not-related-to-pace-really/ "Trial by error, Continued: PACE Team’s Work for Insurance Companies Is “Not Related” to PACE. Really?"]
*Dec 17 2015 [http://www.virology.ws/2015/12/17/a-request-for-data-from-the-pace-trial/ A request for data from the PACE trial]
*Dec 22 2015 [http://www.virology.ws/2015/12/22/revisiting-the-plos-one-economics-analysis-of-pace/ Revisiting the PLoS One economics analysis of PACE]
*Jan 4 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/01/04/trial-by-error-continued-questions-for-dr-white-and-his-pace-colleagues/ Trial By Error, Continued: Questions for Dr. White and his PACE Colleagues]
*Jan 7 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/01/07/trial-by-error-continued-did-the-pace-trial-really-prove-that-graded-exercise-is-safe/ Trial By Error, Continued: Did the PACE Trial Really Prove that Graded Exercise Is Safe?] (with [[Julie Rehmeyer]])
*Jan 19 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/01/19/at-least-were-not-vexatious/ At least we’re not vexatious]
*Jan 19 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/01/19/trial-by-error-continued-more-nonsense-from-the-lancet-psychiatry/ Trial By Error, Continued: More Nonsense from The Lancet Psychiatry]
*Feb 1 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/02/01/trial-by-error-continued-a-few-words-about-harassment/ Trial By Error, Continued: A Few Words About “Harassment”]
*Feb 10 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/02/10/open-letter-lancet-again/ An open letter to The Lancet, again]
*May 23 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/05/23/an-open-letter-to-plos-one/. An open letter to PLoS One.]
*July 10, 2016 - [http://www.microbe.tv/twiv/twiv-397/ TWiV 397 podcast] with Dr. Tuller and Dr Racaniello (1:03)
*Aug 29 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/08/29/once-again-lancet-stumbles-on-pace/ Once Again, Lancet Stumbles on PACE]
*Sep 1, 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/09/01/trial-by-error-continued-my-questions-for-lancet-editor-richard-horton/ Trial By Error, Continued: My Questions for Lancet Editor Richard Horton]
*Sept 6, 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/09/06/open-letter-to-queen-mary-university-london-about-pace/ Open letter to Queen Mary University of London about PACE]
*Sept 22, 2016 [http://www.virology.ws/2016/09/22/trial-by-error-continued-the-real-data/ Trial By Error, Continued: The Real Data]
*Oct 27, 2016 [http://undark.org/article/chronic-fatigue-graded-exercise-pace/ ''Worse Than the Disease'']
*Mar 13, 2017 [http://www.virology.ws/2017/03/13/an-open-letter-to-psychological-medicine-about-recovery-and-the-pace-trial/ An open letter to Psychological Medicine about “recovery” and the PACE trial]
*Mar 23, 2017 [http://www.virology.ws/2017/03/23/an-open-letter-to-psychological-medicine-again/ An open letter to Psychological Medicine, again!]

--[[User:MEcfsFMS|MEcfsFMS]] ([[User talk:MEcfsFMS|talk]]) 21:27, 17 August 2018 (EDT)

=Completed=
'''Move tasks and suggestions here when fully implemented'''

User talk:Ollie

2018-09-01T09:51:07Z

Ollie:

MEpedia:How to contribute

2018-09-01T09:49:10Z

Ollie:Add link to deletion category

Contribute to MEpedia today! Anyone can create pages, write content, add links/citations, fact-check, or even just fix typos. Everyone has something to offer, whatever your skills & experience, even if you have never edited a wiki (like Wikipedia) before. Get involved and help the patient community identify all of the best and most important resources for our disease and its research, treatment and history.

To get started, read our [[Editorial Guidelines]] and find more information about how to edit MEpedia below. Please make sure to join our contributor community, the MEpedia [http://facebook.com/groups/218347055598647 Facebook Group]. You can also follow MEPedia [https://www.facebook.com/mepedia/ on Facebook], [https://twitter.com/MEencyclopedia Twitter] and subscribe to us on [https://www.reddit.com/r/MEAction Reddit].

Pages that are a [[red link]] have not been created yet and need to be populated – a full list of these pages [[Special:WantedPages|can be found here]]. Pages that have been created ([[Blue link|blue links]]) but need to be expanded are marked as stubs - a full list of all stubs [[:Category:Stubs|can be found here]]. We also have a [[MEpedia Suggestions#priority pages for expansion|list of priority pages for expansion]].

All we ask is that you read the guidelines (see below) before you edit.

Pages that have problems such as incorrect information, formatting issues, or a lack of citations are marked with a cleanup note. A full list of pages requiring cleanup [[:Category:All articles needing cleanup|can be found here]].

If a page needs deleting (or moving to rename it), you can add it to this category: [[:Category:Articles for deletion|Articles for deletion]]

Have any questions after reading the below? Email [mailto:mepedia@meaction.net mepedia@meaction.net].

== Getting started ==

=== Create an account ===
Before you start editing, you should [[Special:CreateAccount|create an account]] or [[Special:UserLogin|log in]]. Note, if you are not logged in when you make an edit or contribution to a page, your IP address will appear.

==Rules & Guidelines==

*[[Editorial Guidelines]]
*[[Science Guidelines]]
*[[MEpedia:Manual of Style]]

== Suggested tasks ==

===Five minute tasks===
Only have a five minute spoon to give? Here is a [[List of small tasks|list of small tasks]] you can help us with in roughly one to ten minutes of time.

=== Priority projects ===
Want to dive in deeper? Browse a [[MEpedia suggestions#Suggestions - High Priority|list of larger projects]] and page revisions.
== Roles ==
There are so many different roles contributors can play, at every level of cognitive ability or technical expertise. Every contributor can play one or more roles. All are important and help us grow and improve the project!

'''The Scientist:''' If you have a science background or a passion for science, we definitely need your expertise improving our medical and science pages and ensuring that all content is correct, accurate and cited. (Note: unlike Wikipedia, every fact presented on MEpedia does not need to be replicated or have appeared in a review article. However, the limitations of individual studies and the certainty of findings need to be properly contextualized and qualified. For more, see the [[Science Guidelines]])

'''The Translator:''' While many of the science pages will have highly technical information, useful to medical professionals and researchers, it's our goal that the opening section of every page (which usually comes before the table of contents) can provide a one to two paragraph summary that is accessible to as general audience as possible. As a page matures and contains a lot of information, The Translator can write an opening paragraph if none exists or improve the opening paragraph(s) to make it even more accessible.

''But you don't necessarily need to have a technical background to play any of these roles:''

'''The Historian:''' Help us improve our content on the history of [[Myalgic encephalomyelitis|ME]] and [[Chronic fatigue syndrome|CFS]] (and before it was either of these things, [[Icelandic disease|Icelandic Disease]] and [[Poliomyelitis|atypical polio]]). Bring to life the [[List of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome outbreaks|outbreaks]] of the past by digging into the newspaper and journal records and creating pages for individual outbreaks.

'''The Biographer:''' We have dozens of pages with biographies of scientists, clinicians, historical figures and activists with ME. These can always be improved and there are many people still missing. (See our categories for [[:Category:Famous people with ME, CFS, and/or FMS|famous people]], [[:Category:Researchers|researchers]], [[:Category:Clinicians|clinicians]], [[:Category:Advocates or allies|advocates]])

'''The Editor:''' As pages grow through the addition of new information, they can often become hard to navigate. Read our more developed pages and see whether they can be improved by breaking up very long sections into sub-sections, improving overall flow, organization and readability, or updating the opening paragraph to better reflect the way the page may have grown and changed.

'''The Link Collector:''' Sometimes you may not have the cognitive capacity or time to take an interesting article and writing it into an existing page. However, you can help simply by collecting links and pasting them on the "Discussion" page of a given article, with perhaps a sentence or two explaining its relevance, so that someone in the future can take that link and incorporate that into the page.

'''The Deep Sea Diver:''' You may not have an expertise in a particular area, but you decide to adopt a page you feel passionate about, and build it from the ground up, reading every reference you can find. It's a long, slow process but can be really gratifying to develop mastery over a specific topic!

'''The Photo Curator:''' Many of our pages could be improved simply through the addition of images and drawings. It's important to make sure you have permission to use the any photos you add , that they are in the public domain, or that they carry a Creative Commons license. See this category listing articles that need images or photos adding to them: [[:Category:Articles that need an image or photo]]. [https://wiki.creativecommons.org/wiki/Best_practices_for_attribution ''Best practices for attribution''] via [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons Creative Commons]. See our examples: [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:HRQoL-journal.pone.0132421.g003.PNG Fig 3. Unadjusted means and medians compared to different conditions.], [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:Gaga.jpg Lady Gaga arriving at the Gaga: Five Foot Two press conference during the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival], [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:Cranial_Nerves.png Cranial Nerves], [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:Adam_Lowe.jpg Adam Lowe], [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:Epigenetics.jpg Epigenetics Mechanisms] and [https://me-pedia.org/wiki/File:MMC_Logo_2.JPG Millions Missing Canada].

'''The Bridge Builder:''' pick a [[Special:DeadendPages|dead end]] page and create internal links to related MEpedia content within the body of the page or by added pages to the "See also" section. Or, find an [[Special:LonelyPages|orphan page]] and link to it from existing pages.

'''The Expander:''' browse MEpedia's [[Special:ShortPages|shortest pages]] and help us lengthen them.

'''The Proofreader:''' Fix small typos and grammatical errors as you go. Or visit the [[Welcome to MEpedia|front page]] and hit "[[Special:Random|random]]" to be taken to a random article. Or see the list of [[Special:RecentChanges|recently updated pages]]. Read and correct mistakes.

'''The Citation Catcher:''' Many citations are simple links, without the proper article title, journal name, date or author information. Correcting citations are a great way to help us improve this project.

'''The Manual Writer:''' All of our support documentation could always be improved. Help us find ways to better explain the tools and guidelines behind MEpedia and help make them more accessible. To contribute in this way, consider starting a new thread in our [https://www.facebook.com/groups/218347055598647/ Facebook group] and making a suggestion.

'''The Community Organizer:''' Help us grow this project by growing the community around it. Invite friends to join our [https://www.facebook.com/groups/218347055598647/ Facebook group]. Act as a greeter, help folks feel welcome, answer questions as they arise.

'''The Outreacher:''' Help us build links between MEpedia and others. For example posting MEpedia articles to other M.E, community forums and asking for help improving them, sending links to MEpedia articles to scientists (e.g. the page about them) and asking them to update the page and confirm it is complete, asking researchers to read MEpedia pages related to their work and provide feedback on what needs adding, or asking M.E. blog writers to include MEpedia links in their articles so their readers can learn more.

'''The Supporter:''' Help MEpedia by helping, training and supporting its volunteer team. Help everyone learn how to edit pages, to do more advanced editing, and how to more effectively create content. Maybe you're a technologist who finds it easy to learn and teach others about wiki editing, or a technical writer who cannot commit to contribute much but can help others to write.

'''The News Reader:''' Help keep MEpedia fresh by updating its pages based on news you read. For example if you read a new article published by journalist David Tuller, make sure his page has been updated to include the latest article. Or if an announcement is made by the NIH or some other organization, update relevant pages to reflect the news.

See [[How_to_contribute#How_can_I_contribute.3F|even more ways to contribute]].

==A note on ME v. CFS==
We have separate pages for [[Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]], [[ME/CFS]] and [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]] as well as [[SEID]]. The convention is that the terminology used in an ME-pedia article should match the terminology used in the underlying source. Where there is a tension between the term used in the source and the definition (e.g., [[ME]] defined by the [[Oxford criteria]] or [[CFS]] defined by the [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]]), it may be useful for clarity to mention the definition used.

==How do I create a new page?==
Simply type in the title of your new page and hit "create page." You'll want to [[Special:Search|search]] the existing database of pages to make sure that your page or a similar page does not already exist.<inputbox>
type=create
break=no
</inputbox>
You can also browse our list of [[Special:WantedPages|"wanted" pages]] – pages that are linked to from existing pages, but don't yet exist.

==How do I edit existing pages?==

There are two types of editor on this wiki, the '''Visual editor''', which operates more like your word processing or email program, and the '''Source editor''', which uses a special kind of wiki code. Most users will prefer to use the Visual editor, but for more advance applications or if the Visual editor is "down" (as happens from time to time), the resources below will help you learn how to navigate both.

Look for the "edit" (Visual editor) or "edit source" (Source editor) links at the top of the page (to edit the whole page) and next to each section heading (to edit just that section).

After you've made your changes, scroll down to the 'Show Preview' section, add a comment, preview your changes, then save them.

=== Using the visual editor ===

To learn how to use the visual editor, please see Wikipedia's [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide visual editor user guide].

Note that the Visual Editor includes a facility to automatically insert full citations, by just specifying the link or doi to the source, see [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/VisualEditor/Design/Reference_Dialog#Auto-filled_Web_Citations Visual Editor Auto-filled Web Citations].

=== Using the source code editor ===
The source code editor is a more advanced way of editing MEpedia. See our tricks and tips on how to [[Using the source code editor|get started with the source code editor]].

== Article outlines, templates and includes==

=== Article outlines ===
A list of [[MEpedia article outlines|copy-and-paste outlines]] for new articles depending category.

=== Common templates and includes ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Template name
!Description / Function
!Source editor code
!Installation status
!Visual editor status
|-
|Cleanup needed
|Indicates articles that need cleanup and the reason why.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Cleanup|reason= |date= }}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but could use cleaner visual (e.g., a box/outline around it). See Wikipedia's version and compare to MEpedia.
|Possible fields do not appear. Would be wonderful if there could be a handful of prefab reasons for cleanup that could allow for searching on those reasons (e.g., view all pages with citation issues, all pages requiring editing or reorganization, all pages that are too long, all pages not written in encyclopedic style, etc).
|-
|Stub article
|Indicates a very short article that is a "stub" waiting to be expanded.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{stub}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but compared with Wikipedia's version.
|I don't know if Stub article take fields
|-
|Main
|Links a section of one page to the full article on another.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Main|page}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed, but no formatting. See Wikipedia for example of how formatting should be displayed.
|Possible fields do not appear
|-
|Citation needed
|Indicates facts that require citations.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Citation needed}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but not working properly (may be missing a component).
|
|-
|All pages in a category
|Automatically displays all of the articles within the specified category
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{PagesInCategory|category-name}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Can be spread across columns, see examples.
|No explicit support
|-
|All categories in a category
|Automatically displays all of the sub-categories within the specified category
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{CategoriesInCategory|category-name}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Can be spread across columns, see examples.
|No explicit support
|-
|Mark an article as needing a photo or image adding to it
|Adds it to the category [[:Category:Articles that need an image or photo]]
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{NeedsImage}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|
|No explicit support
|}

==Other ways to contribute==

===Make a suggestion===
Almost everyone working on MEpedia is sick, including bed-bound patients. Although we welcome suggestions please, please if you possibly can, create/edit the page yourself. It is very easy to add a new page or make an improvement – be bold! Together we are stronger as a community. If you REALLY can't edit the page, then you can go to the [[MEpedia suggestions]] page, click Edit, and add your suggestion to the list for someone else to consider implementing in future.

===Implement a suggestion===
If you want to contribute but aren't sure where to start, try looking at the [[MEpedia suggestions]] and consider implementing an improvement suggested by others.

===Create a new article===

To create a new article, simply search for the title of the article you wish to create. If a page does not already exist, you will see an option to create the page. Alternatively if you see a red link to the page, that means it does not yet exist. Just click the red link to create the page.

Once you have a blank editable article open, consider copying-and-pasting an outline into it for that type of article, so you have a set of headings to prompt writing. See [[MEpedia article outlines]]

Remember that articles must use strong citations. For example if you write "ME/CFS can be successfully treated with XYZ", you MUST provide a reference to evidence, ideally a high quality (randomized, placebo-controlled) published study. If there is no evidence, the wording must reflect this, for example "ME/CFS is sometimes treated using XYZ, but currently there is no good evidence for its use".

=== Expand a topic ===

Pages with blue links (as opposed to red) exist already, and can be proof-read, improved and extended. Remember statements need to be supported by the best available evidence or source, for example a published quote by a person, or a paper in a scientific journal.

=== Check our references ===

You can make sure facts are properly cited and references are in correct format.

We aim to serve a general audience, a research audience, and a patient audience. All entries should be cited and make clear to distinguish what has and has not been established by peer-reviewed research findings. Articles should aim to provide both a general overview of a specific topic as well as discuss its implications or applications in ME and CFS.

=== Correct typos ===

You can also copy-edit existing articles for typos and edit for clarity.

=== Clean-up poor pages ===
Some pages are inconsistently formatted, too long, are presented badly, need partially rewriting, or suffer from other problems. Those pages are marked as needing clean-up, and are listed under [[clean up list|all articles needing cleanup]].

===Mark pages as needing cleanup===
If you see a problem with a page, it needs clean-up, and you are not able to resolve it, mark the page as needing cleaning by adding a marker like this including a description of the problem:

''<nowiki>{{Cleanup | reason=the article is full of incorrect capitalization | date=August 2018}}</nowiki>''

For more details see [[Template:Cleanup|Cleanup]].

== Other Resources ==

* [[mw:Help:Editing|Help:Editing]]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings|Configuration settings list]]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki|FAQ]]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources|Localise MediaWiki for your language]]
* [[Power user/editor tips]]
* [[:Category:Fundamental | Categories browser]]

[[Category:MEpedia guidelines]]

John Chia

2018-08-26T14:14:22Z

Ollie:Format

[[File:Dr. Chia .png|right|Source: MECFS Alert]]
Dr. '''John K. S. Chia''' is an infectious disease doctor with a medical practice in Torrance, California. Dr. Chia became heavily involved in research and clinical care of [[myalgic encephalomyelitis]] (ME) and [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] (CFS) patients after his son Andrew Chia became ill with [[CFS]] in 1997. He has published several papers<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=chia+jk%5Bauthor%5D</ref> on infectious causes of ME and CFS, including evidence of involvement of [[enteroviruses]] such as [[coxsackie B]] and [[echovirus]], other viruses, such as [[parvovirus B19]], as well as, bacteria, such as ''[[Chlamydia pneumoniae]]''. In addition to his clinical work, he runs his own [[enterovirus]] research laboratory<ref>[http://www.evmedresearch.com/ EVMED Research]</ref> and is on the board of directors of the [http://www.enterovirusfoundation.org/ Enterovirus Foundation].

Dr. Chia has performed clinical trials<ref>[http://jrnlappliedresearch.com/articles/Vol4Iss2/Chia2-Jar-spring.pdf Ribavirin and Interferon-a for the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Associated with Persistent Coxsackievirus B Infection: A Preliminary Observation]</ref> in an attempt to find treatment for patients with [[ME]] and [[CFS]]. His treatment attempts have focused on the use of antiviral compounds such as [[amantadine]], [[ribavirin]], and [[lamivudine]] in addition to immune modulators such as [[interferon]] and the plant compound [[oxymatrine]]. Towards this end, he and his son, a pharmacist, have developed his own proprietary herbal preparation containing oxymatrine and other plant compounds, called [[Equilibrant]].

==International Consensus Criteria==
Dr. Chia co-authored the 2011 case definition, [[International Consensus Criteria]].<ref name="Carruthers, 2011" />

==Open Letter to ''The Lancet''==
Three [[open letter to the Lancet | open letters to the editor of ''The Lancet'']] urged the editor to commission a fully independent review of the [[PACE]] trial, which the journal had published in 2011. In 2016, Dr. Chia, along with 41 colleagues in the [[ME/CFS]] field, signed the second letter. In 2018, Dr. Chia was joined with over 100 signatories.

*10 February 2016, [http://www.virology.ws/2016/02/10/open-letter-lancet-again/ An open letter to The Lancet, again - Virology blog]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.virology.ws/2016/02/10/open-letter-lancet-again|title=An open letter to The Lancet, again|last=Tuller|first=David|date=10 February 2016|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>
*19 June 2018, [http://www.virology.ws/2018/06/19/trial-by-error-an-open-letter-to-the-lancet-two-years-on/ An Open Letter to The Lancet, Two Years On]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.virology.ws/2018/06/19/trial-by-error-an-open-letter-to-the-lancet-two-years-on/|title=Trial By Error: An Open Letter to The Lancet, Two Years On|last=Tuller|first=David|date=19 June 2018|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>

==Notable studies==
*2004, Ribavirin and [[Interferon]]-α for the Treatment of Patients with [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]] Associated with Persistent [[Coxsackie B virus|Coxsackievirus B]] Infection: A Preliminary Observation<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Chia|first=John K|date=2004|title=Ribavirin and Interferon-α for the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Associated with Persistent Coxsackievirus B Infection: A Preliminary Observation|url=http://www.jrnlappliedresearch.com/articles/Vol4Iss2/Chia2-Jar-spring.pdf|journal=The Journal of Applied Research|volume=4|pages=|via=}}</ref> [http://www.jrnlappliedresearch.com/articles/Vol4Iss2/Chia2-Jar-spring.pdf (Full Text)]
*2005, The role of [[enterovirus]] in [[chronic fatigue syndrome]]<ref name="pmid16254097">{{cite journal| last=Chia|first=JKS|author-link=John Chia|title=The role of enterovirus in chronic fatigue syndrome. | journal=J Clin Pathol | year= 2005 | volume= 58 | issue= 11 | pages= 1126-32 | pmid=16254097 | doi=10.1136/jcp.2004.020255 | url=https://jcp.bmj.com/content/58/11/1126}}</ref> [https://jcp.bmj.com/content/58/11/1126 (Full Text)]
*2008, [[Chronic fatigue syndrome]] is associated with chronic [[enterovirus]] infection of the stomach<ref name="Chia, 2008" /> [http://jcp.bmj.com/content/61/1/43 (Abstract)]
*2015, Poster - Dr Chia's ME/CFS post-mortem brain study: Chronic Enterovirus Infection in a Patient With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) – Clinical, Virologic and Pathological Analysis<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://forums.phoenixrising.me/index.php?threads/are-infections-just-a-trigger-of-me-cfs-or-an-ongoing-cause-of-me-cfs.37549/page-25#post-632251|title=Dr Chia's ME/CFS post-mortem brain study: Chronic Enterovirus Infection in a Patient With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) – Clinical, Virologic and Pathological Analysis. John Chia, David Wang, Andrew Chia, Rabiha El-Habbal, 2015. Presented at the 19th International Picornavirus Meeting, 2016|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>
*2015, Functional Dyspepsia and Chronic Gastritis Associated with Enteroviruses<ref name="Chia, 2015" /> [http://file.scirp.org/Html/2-1900264_55465.htm (Full Text)]

==Talks & interviews==
*2008, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xz7CaxWtCUU Dr John Chia, The Role of Enterovirus in ME/CFS, International Symposium on Viruses In CFS 2008]
*2008, [http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC3.shtml#agenda Speaker at the 3rd Invest in ME International ME Conference 2008 on ''Research on the Role of Chronic Enterovirus Infection in CFS/ME'']<ref>http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC3.shtml#agenda</ref> [http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC3.shtml#dvd DVD available]
*2009, [http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC4.shtml#agenda Speaker at the 4th Invest in ME International ME Conference 2009 on ''Diagnosis and Treatment of chronic enterovirus infection associated with ME/CFS''] [http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC4.shtml#dvd DVD available]
*2010, [http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC5.shtml#agenda Speaker at the 5th Invest in ME International ME Conference 2010 on ''Enteroviruses in ME/CFS, Diagnosis and Treatment'']<ref>http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC5.shtml#agenda</ref> [http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC5.shtml#dvd DVD available]
*2011, [http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC6.shtml#agenda Speaker at the 6th Invest in ME International ME Conference 2011 on ''Enteroviruses in ME/CFS, Diagnosis and Treatment'']<ref>http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC6.shtml#agenda</ref> [http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC6.shtml#dvd DVD available]
*2011, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hl69xOZnDJI Dr John Chia State of Knowledge ME/CFS Research Workshop(Day 2) Review] (9 April)
*2011, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=obHtCwhg3-0 Dr John Chia State of Knowledge Workshop on ME/CFS Research (Day 1) Part 1] (7 April)
*2011, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BO-yxqZuXTY Dr John Chia State of Knowledge Workshop on ME/CFS Research (Day 1) Part 2] (7 April)
*2011, [http://phoenixrising.me/interviews-3/the-dr-john-chia-interview-with-cort-johnson-808-introduction The Dr. John Chia Interview (8/08): Introduction] (6 March)
*2012, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NhU-G0loqtY MECFS Alert Episode 38, part 1 - Interview with Dr. John Chia, Part 1] (22 December)
*2013, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGRwyrnuDLs MECFS Alert Episode 41, part 4 - Interview with Dr. John Chia, Part 4] (17 February)
*2013, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A1h0elEhSO0 MECFS Alert Episode 40, part 3 - Interview with Dr. John Chia, Part 3] (30 January)
*2013, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I44G-tGgLNE MECFS Alert Episode 39, part 2 - Interview with Dr. John Chia, Part 2] (11 January)
*2015, [http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC10.shtml#agenda Speaker at the 10th Invest in ME International ME Conference 2015 on ''Enteroviruses and ME/CFS: An Update on Pathogenesis''] [http://www.investinme.eu/IIMEC10.shtml#dvd DVD available]
*2016, [http://iacfsme.org/Conferences/2016-Fort-Lauderdale/Agenda/Professional-Agenda.aspx 12th International IACFS/ME Biennial Clinical and Research Conference, Emerging Science and Clinical Care, ''Acute and Chronic Enteroviral Infection'']

==Media coverage==

*13 September 2007, [http://www.webmd.com/chronic-fatigue-syndrome/news/20070913/stomach-virus-could-trigger-cfs Stomach Virus Could Trigger CFS. Enterovirus Found in Many Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Sufferers]
*14 September 2007, [http://www.foxnews.com/story/2007/09/14/study-common-stomach-virus-tied-to-chronic-fatigue.html Study: Common Stomach Virus Tied to Chronic Fatigue]
*2009, [https://phoenixrising.me/archives/865 Dr. Chia On Oxymatrine, Autoimmunity, ME/CFS and Fibromyalgia]
*2011, [https://phoenixrising.me/interviews-3/an-interview-with-dr-john-chia-m-d-enteroviruses-and-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-part-ii-persistence-treatment-and-the-future-by-cort-johnson An Interview With Dr. John Chia M.D. Enteroviruses and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Part II: Persistence, Treatment and the Future]
*2011, [https://phoenixrising.me/interviews-3/an-interview-with-dr-john-chia-m-d-part-i-by-cort-johnson-808 An Interview With Dr. John Chia, M.D. Part I]
*2011, [https://phoenixrising.me/treating-cfs-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-me/immune/antivirals-and-immunemodulators/treating-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-mecfs-interferon Dr Chia's report on the use of interferon to treat ME/CFS]
*2011, [https://phoenixrising.me/treating-cfs-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-me/immune/antivirals-and-immunemodulators/oxymatrine Oxymatrine]
*February 2013, [http://cfspatientadvocate.blogspot.com/2013/02/hanging-fire-dr-john-chia.html Hanging Fire – Dr. John Chia]

==Publications==

*2003, Correspondence in ''Clinical Infectious Diseases'' - "Diverse Etiologies for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome"<ref name="Chia, 2003" />

==Online presence==
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Chia%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=21278394 PubMed]
*[http://www.evmedresearch.com/ Website]
*[http://www.cortjohnson.org/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-mecfs-doctor-resource-center/dr-john-chia/ Health Rising profile]

== See also ==
* [[Enterovirus]]
* [[Non-cytolytic enterovirus]]
* [[List of enterovirus infection studies]]
* [[Equilibrant]]

==Learn more==
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20170227194602/https://med.stanford.edu/chronicfatiguesyndrome/infections/entero/entero-treatment.html Stanford Medicine page on Dr. John Chia]

==References==
<references>
<ref name="Carruthers, 2011">{{Citation
| last1 = Carruthers | first1 = BM | authorlink1 = Bruce Carruthers
| last2 = van de Sande | first2 = MI | authorlink2 = Marjorie van de Sande
| last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = KL | authorlink3 = Kenny de Meirleir
| last4 = Klimas | first4 = NG | authorlink4 = Nancy Klimas
| last5 = Broderick | first5 = G | authorlink5 = Gordon Broderick
| last6 = Mitchell | first6 = T | authorlink6 = Terry Mitchell
| last7 = Staines | first7 = D | authorlink7 = Donald Staines
| last8 = Powles | first8 = A C P | authorlink8 = A C Peter Powles
| last9 = Speight | first9 = N | authorlink9 = Nigel Speight
| last10 = Vallings | first10 = R | authorlink10 = Rosamund Vallings
| last11 = Bateman | first11 = L | authorlink11 = Lucinda Bateman
| last12 = Baumgarten-Austrheim| first12 = B | authorlink12 = Barbara Baumgarten-Austrheim
| last13 = Bell | first13 = DS | authorlink13 = David Bell
| last14 = Carlo-Stella | first14 = N | authorlink14 = Nicoletta Carlo-Stella
| last15 = Chia | first15 = J | authorlink15 = John Chia
| last16 = Darragh | first16 = A | authorlink16 = Austin Darragh
| last17 = Jo | first17 = D | authorlink17 = Daehyun Jo
| last18 = Lewis | first18 = D | authorlink18 = Donald Lewis
| last19 = Light | first19 = A | authorlink19 = Alan Light
| last20 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first20 = S | authorlink20 = Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik
| last21 = Mena | first21 = I | authorlink21 = Ismael Mena
| last22 = Mikovits | first22 = JA | authorlink22 = Judy Mikovits
| last23 = Miwa | first23 = K | authorlink23 = Kunihisa Miwa
| last24 = Murovska | first24 = M | authorlink24 = Modra Murovska
| last25 = Pall | first25 = ML | authorlink25 = Martin Pall
| last26 = Stevens | first26 = S | authorlink26 = Staci Stevens
| title = Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International Consensus Criteria.
| journal = Journal of Internal Medicine | volume = 270 | issue = 4 | page = 327-38
| date = 2011
| pmid = 21777306
| doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x
}}
</ref>
<ref name="Chia, 2003">{{Citation
| last1 = Chia | first1 = John K.S. | authorlink1 = John Chia
| last2 = Chia | first2 = Andrew | authorlink2 =
| title = Diverse Etiologies for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
| journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 5 | page = 671-672
| date = 2003
| pmid =
| doi = 10.1086/367666
}}
</ref>
<ref name="Chia, 2008">{{Citation
| last1 = Chia | first1 = John K. | authorlink1 = John Chia
| last2 = Chia | first2 = Andrew Y. | authorlink2 =
| title = Chronic fatigue syndrome is associated with chronic enterovirus infection of the stomach
| journal = Journal of Clinical Pathology | volume = 61 | issue = 1 | page = 43-8
| date = 2008
| pmid =
| doi = 10.1136/jcp.2007.050054
}}
</ref>
<ref name="Chia, 2015">{{Citation
| last1 = Chia | first1 = John K. | authorlink1 = John Chia
| last2 = Chia | first2 = Andrew Y. | authorlink2 =
| last3 = Wang | first3 = David | authorlink3 =
| last4 = El-Habbal | first4 = Rabiha | authorlink4 =
| title = Functional Dyspepsia and Chronic Gastritis Associated with Enteroviruses
| journal = Open Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 5 | issue = 4 | page = 21-27.
| date = 2015
| pmid =
| doi = 10.4236/ojgas.2015.54005
}}
</ref>
</references>

[[Category:Researchers]]
[[Category:USA researchers]]
[[Category:Clinicians]]
[[Category:American clinicians]]
[[Category:California clinicians]]
[[Category:Psychological paradigm critics]]
[[Category:PACE trial critics]]

Central sensitization

2018-08-26T07:03:19Z

Ollie:Move content here from existing page, add categories, format

Central sensitization (CS) refers to an “increased responsiveness of nociceptive neurons in the central nervous system to their normal or subthreshold afferent input.”<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iasp-pain.org/Education/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=1698#Sensitization|title=IASP Terminology - IASP|website=www.iasp-pain.org|language=en|access-date=2018-08-25}}</ref> Clinically this corresponds with a heightened perception of pain stimuli (hyperalgesia) or the experience of pain after normally innocuous stimuli (allodynia).<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.instituteforchronicpain.org/understanding-chronic-pain/what-is-chronic-pain/central-sensitization|title=What is Central Sensitization?|last=McAllister|first=Murray J.|access-date=2018-08-25|language=en}}</ref> Some researchers speculate central sensitization to be the explanatory mechanism behind various unexplained medical disorders that have chronic pain as a dominant feature.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yunus|first=Muhammad B.|date=2007-06|title=Fibromyalgia and Overlapping Disorders: The Unifying Concept of Central Sensitivity Syndromes|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.12.009|journal=Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism|volume=36|issue=6|pages=339–356|doi=10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.12.009|issn=0049-0172}}</ref> Preliminary evidence suggests central sensitization to be involved in the symptomatology of ME/CFS.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nijs|first=Jo|last2=Meeus|first2=Mira|last3=Van Oosterwijck|first3=Jessica|last4=Ickmans|first4=Kelly|last5=Moorkens|first5=Greta|last6=Hans|first6=Guy|last7=De Clerck|first7=Luc S.|date=2011-07-27|title=In the mind or in the brain? Scientific evidence for central sensitisation in chronic fatigue syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02575.x|journal=European Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=42|issue=2|pages=203–212|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02575.x|issn=0014-2972}}</ref>

== History ==

=== Secondary hyperalgesia ===
In 1950, Hardy and colleagues proposed that there were two types of hyperalgesia.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hardy|first=James D.|last2=Wolff|first2=Harold G.|last3=Goodell|first3=Helen|date=1950-01-01|title=EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE ON THE NATURE OF CUTANEOUS HYPERALGESIA|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci102227|journal=Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=29|issue=1|pages=115–140|doi=10.1172/jci102227|issn=0021-9738}}</ref> Primary hyperalgesia refers to pain sensitivity at the site of an injury, while secondary hyperalgesia refers to enhanced sensation in surrounding undamaged tissues, sometimes in remote sites distant from the injury. Hardy and colleagues speculated the former to be mediated by peripheral mechanisms, while the latter was suspected to be the result of “a central excitatory state”, involving lasting changes in the responsiveness of the central nervous system.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Coderre|first=Terence J.|last2=Katz|first2=Joel|last3=Vaccarino|first3=Anthony L.|last4=Melzack|first4=Ronald|date=1993-03|title=Contribution of central neuroplasticity to pathological pain: review of clinical and experimental evidence|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(93)90161-h|journal=Pain|volume=52|issue=3|pages=259–285|doi=10.1016/0304-3959(93)90161-h|issn=0304-3959}}</ref>

Decades went by before this hypothesis could be corroborated by experimental research. In 1965 Mendell and Wall reported that repetitive C-fiber stimulation at low frequency results in a progressive increase of electoral discharge in cat dorsal horn neurons.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Woolf|first=Clifford J.|date=1996-08|title=Windup and central sensitization are not equivalent|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006396-199608000-00001|journal=Pain|volume=66|issue=2|pages=105–108|doi=10.1097/00006396-199608000-00001|issn=0304-3959}}</ref> They called this pattern of activity “the wind-up of a cell”.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=MENDELL|first=LORNE M.|last2=WALL|first2=PATRICK D.|date=1965-04|title=Responses of Single Dorsal Cord Cells to Peripheral Cutaneous Unmyelinated Fibres|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/206097a0|journal=Nature|volume=206|issue=4979|pages=97–99|doi=10.1038/206097a0|issn=0028-0836}}</ref> Though wind-up demonstrated synaptic plasticity, the changes in the neuron did not last beyond the stimulation that incited it.

In 1983 Clifford Woolf and colleagues demonstrated a more lasting form of central neural plasticity.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Woolf|first=Clifford J.|date=1983-12|title=Evidence for a central component of post-injury pain hypersensitivity|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/306686a0|journal=Nature|volume=306|issue=5944|pages=686–688|doi=10.1038/306686a0|issn=0028-0836}}</ref> After heat-induced inflammatory lesions at a rat knee joint, an enhanced responsiveness was seen in undamaged muscles surrounding the injury site. According to Woolf, “a local anesthetic block of the site of the peripheral injury did not result in collapse of the expanded receptive fields: The change was autonomous once it was triggered by the peripheral input.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Latremoliere|first=Alban|last2=Woolf|first2=Clifford J.|date=2009-09|title=Central Sensitization: A Generator of Pain Hypersensitivity by Central Neural Plasticity|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2009.06.012|journal=The Journal of Pain|volume=10|issue=9|pages=895–926|doi=10.1016/j.jpain.2009.06.012|issn=1526-5900}}</ref> This provided evidence of lasting changes in excitability of the central nervous system. Referring to this phenomenon, Woolf and colleagues first used the term central sensitization in the literature in 1989.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=King|first=A.E.|last2=Thompson|first2=S.W.N.|last3=Urban|first3=L.|last4=Woolf|first4=C.J.|date=1988-07|title=An intracellular analysis of amino acid induced excitations of deep dorsal horn neurones in the rat spinal cord slice|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(88)90541-1|journal=Neuroscience Letters|volume=89|issue=3|pages=286–292|doi=10.1016/0304-3940(88)90541-1|issn=0304-3940}}</ref>

In 1991, LaMotte and colleagues were the first to demonstrate central sensitization in human volunteers.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=LaMotte|first=R. H.|last2=Shain|first2=C. N.|last3=Simone|first3=D. A.|last4=Tsai|first4=E. F.|date=1991-07|title=Neurogenic hyperalgesia: psychophysical studies of underlying mechanisms|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1991.66.1.190|journal=Journal of Neurophysiology|volume=66|issue=1|pages=190–211|doi=10.1152/jn.1991.66.1.190|issn=0022-3077}}</ref> They used an injection of capsaicin, the active and painful component of chili peppers, to elicit hyperalgesia in their test subjects. Anesthetizing the region where capsaicin was injected was insufficient to block hyperalgesia. However, if the skin region was anesthetized prior to capsaicin injection, hyperalgesia does not develop.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Coderre|first=Terence J.|last2=Katz|first2=Joel|last3=Vaccarino|first3=Anthony L.|last4=Melzack|first4=Ronald|date=1993-03|title=Contribution of central neuroplasticity to pathological pain: review of clinical and experimental evidence|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(93)90161-h|journal=Pain|volume=52|issue=3|pages=259–285|doi=10.1016/0304-3959(93)90161-h|issn=0304-3959}}</ref> This clearly demonstrated it to be crucial for the development of hyperalgesia, that initial noxious input reaches the central nervous system. Once developed, however hyperalgesia became “only partially dependent on peripheral neural activity originating at the site of injury.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=LaMotte|first=R. H.|last2=Shain|first2=C. N.|last3=Simone|first3=D. A.|last4=Tsai|first4=E. F.|date=1991-07|title=Neurogenic hyperalgesia: psychophysical studies of underlying mechanisms|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1991.66.1.190|journal=Journal of Neurophysiology|volume=66|issue=1|pages=190–211|doi=10.1152/jn.1991.66.1.190|issn=0022-3077}}</ref>

=== Inflation of the central sensitization concept ===
These experiments referred to central sensitization as an activity-dependent increase in the excitability of spinal neurons. It was related to peripheral tissue damage and mostly confined to the area surrounding the site of injury.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hansson|first=Per|date=2014-10|title=Translational aspects of central sensitization induced by primary afferent activity: What it is and what it is not|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2014.07.016|journal=Pain|volume=155|issue=10|pages=1932–1934|doi=10.1016/j.pain.2014.07.016|issn=0304-3959}}</ref> Though the secondary hyperalgesia it elicited lasted beyond the initial stimulus, this effect was usually short-lived and sometimes disappeared within the time-span of a day.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Woolf|first=Clifford J.|date=2011-03|title=Central sensitization: Implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pain|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2010.09.030|journal=Pain|volume=152|issue=Supplement|pages=S2–S15|doi=10.1016/j.pain.2010.09.030|issn=0304-3959}}</ref>

Since then the concept of central sensitization has gone through a significant expansion.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gracely|first=Richard|last2=Schweinhardt|first2=Petra|date=2015-07-02|title=Programmed Symptoms: Disparate Effects United by Purpose|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573397111666150619095125|journal=Current Rheumatology Reviews|volume=11|issue=2|pages=116–130|doi=10.2174/1573397111666150619095125|issn=1573-3971}}</ref> It became widespread, lasting and unrelated to an identifiable nociceptive input form the periphery. Clifford Woolf who championed the broadening of the definition, now defines central sensitization as the “genus of all forms of pain sensitization that arise within the central nervous system”.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Woolf|first=Clifford J.|date=2014-10|title=What to call the amplification of nociceptive signals in the central nervous system that contribute to widespread pain?|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2014.07.021|journal=Pain|volume=155|issue=10|pages=1911–1912|doi=10.1016/j.pain.2014.07.021|issn=0304-3959}}</ref> Woolf argues that the increase in excitability of the spinal cord he discovered in the 1980s represented only one example of what should be regarded as central sensitization.

=== Central sensitivity syndromes ===
The main rationale behind the expansion of the concept of central sensitivity came from clinical practice. Some researchers<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yunus|first=Muhammad B.|date=2008-06|title=Central Sensitivity Syndromes: A New Paradigm and Group Nosology for Fibromyalgia and Overlapping Conditions, and the Related Issue of Disease versus Illness|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2007.09.003|journal=Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism|volume=37|issue=6|pages=339–352|doi=10.1016/j.semarthrit.2007.09.003|issn=0049-0172}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Toda|first=Katsuhiro|date=2012-01|title=The Term of Functional Somatic Syndrome Should be Changed to the Term of Central Sensitivity Syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-2500.2011.00504.x|journal=Pain Practice|volume=12|issue=1|pages=83–83|doi=10.1111/j.1533-2500.2011.00504.x|issn=1530-7085}}</ref> speculated that central sensitization might elucidate several of the so-called ‘medically unexplained syndromes (MUS)’. Not only is there a significant overlap between these syndromes, but patients who suffer from it usually have a wide array of symptoms related to chronic pain. This suggested a common, previously unrecognized mechanism involving lowered thresholds to noxious stimuli, to be behind the expression of MUS.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Adams|first=Leah|last2=Turk|first2=Dennis|date=2015-07-02|title=Psychosocial Factors and Central Sensitivity Syndromes|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573397111666150619095330|journal=Current Rheumatology Reviews|volume=11|issue=2|pages=96–108|doi=10.2174/1573397111666150619095330|issn=1573-3971}}</ref> In 2000 Mohammed Yunus suggested to group these disorders under the unifying concept of central sensitivity syndromes (CSS).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yunus|first=Muhammad B.|date=2007-06|title=Fibromyalgia and Overlapping Disorders: The Unifying Concept of Central Sensitivity Syndromes|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.12.009|journal=Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism|volume=36|issue=6|pages=339–356|doi=10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.12.009|issn=0049-0172}}</ref> In Yunus’ vision central sensitization could explain not only the widespread and lasting hyperalgesia these patients suffered, but also a hypersensitivity to other environmental stimuli such as sounds, chemicals and light. Central sensitization was thus extended beyond the somatosensory system.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gracely|first=Richard|last2=Schweinhardt|first2=Petra|date=2015-07-02|title=Programmed Symptoms: Disparate Effects United by Purpose|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573397111666150619095125|journal=Current Rheumatology Reviews|volume=11|issue=2|pages=116–130|doi=10.2174/1573397111666150619095125|issn=1573-3971}}</ref>

== The physiological mechanism ==
The physiology of central sensitization involves the activation of unmyelinated C-fibers that release excitatory neuropeptides such as glutamate, tachykinins and substance P in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Latremoliere|first=Alban|last2=Woolf|first2=Clifford J.|date=2009-09|title=Central Sensitization: A Generator of Pain Hypersensitivity by Central Neural Plasticity|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2009.06.012|journal=The Journal of Pain|volume=10|issue=9|pages=895–926|doi=10.1016/j.jpain.2009.06.012|issn=1526-5900}}</ref> A primary role is played by the neurotransmitter glutamate which activates N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Normally, the ion channel of these NMDA-receptors is blocked by a magnesium ion, but the block can be removed by a depolarization of the cell leading to an influx of calcium, which leads to further depolarization. These changes cause an escalation of hyperexcitability of spinal cord neurons, giving rise to a hypersensitivity to noxious stimuli.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Woolf|first=Clifford J.|last2=Chong|first2=Mun-Seng|date=1993-08|title=Preemptive Analgesia—Treating Postoperative Pain by Preventing the Establishment of Central Sensitization|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199377020-00026|journal=Anesthesia & Analgesia|volume=77|issue=2|pages=362–379|doi=10.1213/00000539-199377020-00026|issn=0003-2999}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=DeLeo|first=Joyce A.|last2=Winkelstein|first2=Beth A.|date=2002-11|title=Physiology of Chronic Spinal Pain Syndromes|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200211150-00026|journal=Spine|volume=27|issue=22|pages=2526–2537|doi=10.1097/00007632-200211150-00026|issn=0362-2436}}</ref> Nitric oxide (NO) also plays a role in CS as it has been shown to modulate neuron excitability through multiple mechanisms.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Luo|first=Z. David|last2=Cizkova|first2=Dasa|date=2000-12|title=The role of nitric oxide in nociception|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11916-000-0070-y|journal=Current Review of Pain|volume=4|issue=6|pages=459–466|doi=10.1007/s11916-000-0070-y|issn=1069-5850}}</ref>

== Criteria for the classification of central sensitization pain ==
[[File:Algorithm-for-the-classification-of-central-sensitization-CS-pain.png|thumb|488x488px|Algorithm for the classification of central sensitization CS (Nijs et al. 2014). ]]In 2014 a consensus paper was published by 18 experts from 7 different countries that set out criteria for the classification of central sensitization pain.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lluch Girbés|first=Enrique|last2=Nijs|first2=Jo|last3=Torres-Cueco|first3=Rafael|last4=López Cubas|first4=Carlos|date=2013-06-01|title=Pain Treatment for Patients With Osteoarthritis and Central Sensitization|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20120253|journal=Physical Therapy|volume=93|issue=6|pages=842–851|doi=10.2522/ptj.20120253|issn=0031-9023}}</ref> After neuropathic pain has been ruled out, the criteria advise to assess if the severity of pain is “disproportionate to the nature and extent of injury and pathology”. This is an obligatory criterion; if pain is not disproportionate, than it doesn’t involve CS.
Secondly it is proposed to look at the pain distribution; if pain is widespread and diffuse than the clinician can diagnose CS in his patient. If this is not the case, than the clinician can use the central sensitization inventory (CSI), a questionnaire that has been developed to asses CS and mostly looks at secondary symptoms like sensitivity to light, bad sleep and concentration problems. If the patient scores 40 or more on the CSI, then the diagnosis of CS should be made.

Remarkably psychological aspects such as catastrophizing, somatization and hypervigilance – considered by some to be central to CS – are not included in the criteria. While the authors acknowledge the importance of these maladaptive psychosocial factors, they do not consider them to be unique to central sensitization as they are often present in other chronic pain patients as well.

==Evidence for Central sensitization in ME/CFS ==

=== Pain thresholds and hyperalgesia ===
Various quantitative sensory tests (QST) can be used to evaluate if the CNS overreacts to stimuli and the presence of CS is to be suspected.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Staud|first=Roland|date=2012-05|title=Abnormal endogenous pain modulation is a shared characteristic of many chronic pain conditions|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/ern.12.41|journal=Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics|volume=12|issue=5|pages=577–585|doi=10.1586/ern.12.41|issn=1473-7175}}</ref> One method involves measure pain thresholds all over the body with an algometer.

The Belgian Pain in Motion research group tested this in 30 ME/CFS who suffered from chronic pain. Pain pressure thresholds were significantly lower compared to those of the control group, also when pain-free areas of the body were tested (secondary hyperalgesia).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeus|first=Mira|last2=Nijs|first2=Jo|last3=Huybrechts|first3=Sven|last4=Truijen|first4=Steven|date=2010-01-14|title=Evidence for generalized hyperalgesia in chronic fatigue syndrome: a case control study|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-009-1339-0|journal=Clinical Rheumatology|volume=29|issue=4|pages=393–398|doi=10.1007/s10067-009-1339-0|issn=0770-3198}}</ref> In an additional study it was shown that ME/CFS patients experienced more pain following heat stimuli.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeus|first=Mira|last2=Nijs|first2=Jo|last3=Van de Wauwer|first3=Naomi|last4=Toeback|first4=Linda|last5=Truijen|first5=Steven|date=2008-10|title=Diffuse noxious inhibitory control is delayed in chronic fatigue syndrome: An experimental study|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2008.05.018|journal=Pain|volume=139|issue=2|pages=439–448|doi=10.1016/j.pain.2008.05.018|issn=0304-3959}}</ref> In a large Norwegian study involving 120 adolescent with ME/CFS, pain pressure thresholds were significantly lower in patients compared to healthy controls.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Winger|first=Anette|last2=Kvarstein|first2=Gunnvald|last3=Wyller|first3=Vegard Bruun|last4=Sulheim|first4=Dag|last5=Fagermoen|first5=Even|last6=Småstuen|first6=Milada Cvancarova|last7=Helseth|first7=Sølvi|date=2014-10|title=Pain and pressure pain thresholds in adolescents with chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy controls: a cross-sectional study|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005920|journal=BMJ Open|volume=4|issue=10|pages=e005920|doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005920|issn=2044-6055}}</ref>

Other studies yielded conflicting results. Using cold pressor tests, Schmaling et al. did not found any differences in pain thresholds between ME/CFS patients and healthy controls.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Schmaling|first=Karen B.|last2=Hamilos|first2=Daniel L.|last3=Diclementi|first3=Jeannie D.|last4=Jones|first4=James F.|date=1998-01|title=Pain Perception in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j092v04n03_03|journal=Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|volume=4|issue=3|pages=13–22|doi=10.1300/j092v04n03_03|issn=1057-3321}}</ref> The same finding was reported by Buchwald and colleagues in a study involving 15 twin pairs discordant for CFS.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ullrich|first=Philip M.|last2=Afari|first2=Niloofar|last3=Jacobsen|first3=Clemma|last4=Goldberg|first4=Jack|last5=Buchwald|first5=Dedra|date=2007-02-07|title=Cold Pressor Pain Sensitivity in Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4637.2007.00277.x|journal=Pain Medicine|volume=0|issue=0|pages=070207140827002–???|doi=10.1111/j.1526-4637.2007.00277.x|issn=1526-2375}}</ref> An Italian group of the D’Annuzio University of Chieti, found pain thresholds in the skin and subcutis to be normal in ME/CFS.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Vecchiet|first=Leonardo|last2=Montanari|first2=Giuseppe|last3=Pizzigallo|first3=Eligio|last4=Iezzi|first4=Sabina|last5=de Bigontina|first5=Paolo|last6=Dragani|first6=Luca|last7=Vecchiet|first7=Jacopo|last8=Giamberardino|first8=Maria Adele|date=1996-04|title=Sensory characterization of somatic parietal tissues in humans with chronic fatigue syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(96)12559-3|journal=Neuroscience Letters|volume=208|issue=2|pages=117–120|doi=10.1016/0304-3940(96)12559-3|issn=0304-3940}}</ref> They did however found hyperalgesia in the muscles of these patients. Because a number of “anatomical muscle alterations” were discovered, the authors speculated the hyperalgesia to be caused by peripheral instead of central mechanisms.

=== Wind-up and temporal summation ===
To assess pain facilitation, researchers can test temporal summation of second pain. This refers to the process where neurons of the CNS react to repeated stimuli with an increased response. If one quickly repeats a fixed noxious stimulus 10 times, then the last one will be experienced as more painful than the first. Researchers can measure the amount of ‘wind-up’ of the neurons by looking at the difference between the first and the last stimulus. In chronic pain conditions like fibromyalgia, that difference is greater than in normal controls, suggesting these patients experience a heightened form of temporal summation (TS). Collin et al. tested this procedure in 48 ME/CFS patients, but the results were ambiguous. There was only a difference in wind-up compared to control subjects if the pain stimuli were administered to the finger and not to the shoulder.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Collin|first=Simon M.|last2=Nijs|first2=Jo|last3=Meeus|first3=Mira|last4=Polli|first4=Andrea|last5=Willekens|first5=Barbara|last6=Ickmans|first6=Kelly|date=05 2017|title=Endogenous Pain Facilitation Rather Than Inhibition Differs Between People with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Multiple Sclerosis, and Controls: An Observational Study|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28535557|journal=Pain Physician|volume=20|issue=4|pages=E489–E497|issn=2150-1149|pmid=28535557}}</ref> Testing of temporal summation was part of the procedure in three other studies, without it being the primary outcome measure. One study<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hermans|first=Linda|last2=Nijs|first2=Jo|last3=Calders|first3=Patrick|last4=De Clerck|first4=Luc|last5=Moorkens|first5=Greta|last6=Hans|first6=Guy|last7=Grosemans|first7=Sofie|last8=Roman De Mettelinge|first8=Tine|last9=Tuynman|first9=Joanna|date=2017-11-15|title=Influence of Morphine and Naloxone on Pain Modulation in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Fibromyalgia, and Controls: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Study|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/papr.12613|journal=Pain Practice|volume=18|issue=4|pages=418–430|doi=10.1111/papr.12613|issn=1530-7085}}</ref> found TS to be higher in ME/CFS patients then controls, while two others did not find significant differences.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeus|first=Mira|last2=Hermans|first2=Linda|last3=Ickmans|first3=Kelly|last4=Struyf|first4=Filip|last5=Van Cauwenbergh|first5=Deborah|last6=Bronckaerts|first6=Laura|last7=De Clerck|first7=Luc S.|last8=Moorken|first8=Greta|last9=Hans|first9=Guy|date=2014-02-17|title=Endogenous Pain Modulation in Response to Exercise in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Comorbid Fibromyalgia, and Healthy Controls: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/papr.12181|journal=Pain Practice|volume=15|issue=2|pages=98–106|doi=10.1111/papr.12181|issn=1530-7085}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ickmans|first=K.|last2=Meeus|first2=M.|last3=De Kooning|first3=M.|last4=Lambrecht|first4=L.|last5=Pattyn|first5=N.|last6=Nijs|first6=J.|date=2015-05|title=Associations between cognitive performance and pain in chronic fatigue syndrome: comorbidity with fibromyalgia does matter|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.3465|journal=Physiotherapy|volume=101|pages=e635–e636|doi=10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.3465|issn=0031-9406}}</ref>

=== Conditioned pain modulation: pain inhibits pain ===
Central sensitization doesn’t necessary involve an increased susceptibility to stimuli. It can also be caused by a defect in the inhibitory pain pathways of the body. One highly researched mechanism in this respect is called ‘conditioned pain modulation’<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kennedy|first=Donna L.|last2=Kemp|first2=Harriet I.|last3=Ridout|first3=Deborah|last4=Yarnitsky|first4=David|last5=Rice|first5=Andrew S.C.|date=2016-11|title=Reliability of conditioned pain modulation|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000689|journal=PAIN|volume=157|issue=11|pages=2410–2419|doi=10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000689|issn=0304-3959}}</ref> (CPM, an older name is ‘diffuse noxious inhibitory control’). This refers to the fact that pain in one area of the body can decrease pain in another area. The chronic pain in your back for example might lessen if you sprain your ankle because your brain will focus more on the new information and dampen the other pain stimuli it receives. Meeus & Nijs of the Pain in Motion group tested this using heat stimuli and reported that conditioned pain modulation was normal but delayed in ME/CFS patients.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeus|first=Mira|last2=Nijs|first2=Jo|last3=Van de Wauwer|first3=Naomi|last4=Toeback|first4=Linda|last5=Truijen|first5=Steven|date=2008-10|title=Diffuse noxious inhibitory control is delayed in chronic fatigue syndrome: An experimental study|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2008.05.018|journal=Pain|volume=139|issue=2|pages=439–448|doi=10.1016/j.pain.2008.05.018|issn=0304-3959}}</ref> In four other studies<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeus|first=Mira|last2=Ickmans|first2=Kelly|last3=Struyf|first3=Filip|last4=Hermans|first4=Linda|last5=Van Noesel|first5=Kevin|last6=Oderkerk|first6=Jorinde|last7=Declerck|first7=Luc S.|last8=Moorkens|first8=Greta|last9=Hans|first9=Guy|date=2013-3|title=Does acetaminophen activate endogenous pain inhibition in chronic fatigue syndrome/fibromyalgia and rheumatoid arthritis? A double-blind randomized controlled cross-over trial|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23511692|journal=Pain Physician|volume=16|issue=2|pages=E61–70|issn=2150-1149|pmid=23511692}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Collin|first=Simon M.|last2=Nijs|first2=Jo|last3=Meeus|first3=Mira|last4=Polli|first4=Andrea|last5=Willekens|first5=Barbara|last6=Ickmans|first6=Kelly|date=05 2017|title=Endogenous Pain Facilitation Rather Than Inhibition Differs Between People with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Multiple Sclerosis, and Controls: An Observational Study|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28535557|journal=Pain Physician|volume=20|issue=4|pages=E489–E497|issn=2150-1149|pmid=28535557}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hermans|first=Linda|last2=Nijs|first2=Jo|last3=Calders|first3=Patrick|last4=De Clerck|first4=Luc|last5=Moorkens|first5=Greta|last6=Hans|first6=Guy|last7=Grosemans|first7=Sofie|last8=Roman De Mettelinge|first8=Tine|last9=Tuynman|first9=Joanna|date=2018-4|title=Influence of Morphine and Naloxone on Pain Modulation in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Fibromyalgia, and Controls: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Study|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28722815|journal=Pain Practice: The Official Journal of World Institute of Pain|volume=18|issue=4|pages=418–430|doi=10.1111/papr.12613|issn=1533-2500|pmid=28722815}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ickmans|first=Kelly|last2=Meeus|first2=Mira|last3=De Kooning|first3=Margot|last4=Lambrecht|first4=Luc|last5=Pattyn|first5=Nathalie|last6=Nijs|first6=Jo|date=2015-9|title=Associations Between Cognitive Performance and Pain in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Comorbidity with Fibromyalgia Does Matter|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26431138|journal=Pain Physician|volume=18|issue=5|pages=E841–852|issn=2150-1149|pmid=26431138}}</ref>, the same research group tested CPM using the pressure of an inflatable occlusion cuff as the conditioning stimulus. In all cases there were no significant differences between ME/CFS patients and healthy controls.

=== Endogenous pain inhibition after exercise ===
Another way to induce endogenous inhibition is to exercise. When healthy people exercise, their brain produces endorphins that increase pain thresholds. In some chronic pain patients like fibromyalgia and whiplash associated disorders, this endogenous pain inhibition response is defect and pain thresholds decrease shortly after exercise (i.e. they experience more pain while they should be feeling less). In 2004 Whiteside et al. first showed this defect in ME/CFS patients, though their study only involved 5 patients.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Whiteside|first=Alan|last2=Hansen|first2=Stig|last3=Chaudhuri|first3=Abhijit|date=2004-06|title=Exercise lowers pain threshold in chronic fatigue syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2004.02.029|journal=Pain|volume=109|issue=3|pages=497–499|doi=10.1016/j.pain.2004.02.029|issn=0304-3959}}</ref> The Pain in Motion group confirmed these results in two of their studies.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeus|first=M|last2=Roussel|first2=NA|last3=Truijen|first3=S|date=2010|title=Reduced pressure pain thresholds in response to exercise in chronic fatigue syndrome but not in chronic low back pain: An experimental study|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/16501977-0595|journal=Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine|volume=42|issue=9|pages=884–890|doi=10.2340/16501977-0595|issn=1650-1977}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Van Oosterwijck|first=J.|last2=Nijs|first2=J.|last3=Meeus|first3=M.|last4=Lefever|first4=I.|last5=Huybrechts|first5=L.|last6=Lambrecht|first6=L.|last7=Paul|first7=L.|date=2010-03-03|title=Pain inhibition and postexertional malaise in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: An experimental study|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02228.x|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|volume=268|issue=3|pages=265–278|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02228.x|issn=0954-6820}}</ref> While pain thresholds increased in normal controls they decreased in the ME/CFS patient group. As a caveat, one must note that these studies only included ME/CFS patients that were suffering from chronic pain, while comorbid FM was not assessed. So it remains unclear if these results will also show up in ME/CFS patients that do not have comorbid FM.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yunus|first=Muhammad|date=2015-07-02|title=Editorial Review (Thematic Issue: An Update on Central Sensitivity Syndromes and the Issues of Nosology and Psychobiology)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339711102150702112236|journal=Current Rheumatology Reviews|volume=11|issue=2|pages=70–85|doi=10.2174/157339711102150702112236|issn=1573-3971}}</ref>

=== Other findings ===
Staud et al. found indirect evidence for sensitized fatigue pathways in ME/CFS. Patients underwent exhausting handgrip-exercises and showed higher increased fatigue ratings than healthy controls after muscle metabolites were trapped in forearm tissues. The fact that fatigue ratings returned to baseline rapidly after removing the forearm occlusion, suggests that ME/CFS patients display an increased sensitivity to exercise metabolites.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Staud|first=Roland|last2=Mokthech|first2=Meriem|last3=Price|first3=Donald D.|last4=Robinson|first4=Michael E.|date=2015-04|title=Evidence for sensitized fatigue pathways in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000110|journal=PAIN|volume=156|issue=4|pages=750–759|doi=10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000110|issn=0304-3959}}</ref>

In 2009 Light et al. found an increase in metabolite detecting receptors in the white blood cells of ME/CFS patients after an exercise test, an increase that was not seen in controls. Results were confirmed by three other studies. The authors speculate this might reflect an increased sensitivity to fatigue pathways in ME/CFS: <blockquote>“If these receptors are increased in CFS patients, it is possible that low levels of metabolites can activate leukocytes, and moderate exercise could increase the signal, thereby increasing cytokine levels that sensitize muscle sensory fatigue signaling afferents.”</blockquote>In 2002 Nijs et al. reported bronchial hyperesponsiveness (BHR) after a histamine provocation test in 77 ME/CFS patients out of a sample of 137. Further research into immune factors failed to show a link with IGE-mediated activation of mast cells and eosinophils as is seen in asthma patients, but there was a connection with increased cytotoxic T-cell count and BHR.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nijs|first=Jo|last2=De Becker|first2=Pascale|last3=De Meirleir|first3=Kenny|last4=Demanet|first4=Christian|last5=Vincken|first5=Walter|last6=Schuermans|first6=Daniel|last7=McGregor|first7=Neil|date=2003-04|title=Associations Between Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness and Immune Cell Parameters in Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.123.4.998|journal=Chest|volume=123|issue=4|pages=998–1007|doi=10.1378/chest.123.4.998|issn=0012-3692}}</ref> According to Nijs “the high prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness can be viewed as another piece of evidence in support of central sensitisation in at least a large subset of the CFS population.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nijs|first=Jo|last2=Meeus|first2=Mira|last3=Van Oosterwijck|first3=Jessica|last4=Ickmans|first4=Kelly|last5=Moorkens|first5=Greta|last6=Hans|first6=Guy|last7=De Clerck|first7=Luc S.|date=2011-07-27|title=In the mind or in the brain? Scientific evidence for central sensitisation in chronic fatigue syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02575.x|journal=European Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=42|issue=2|pages=203–212|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02575.x|issn=0014-2972}}</ref>

The research group of Jo Nijs was initially drawn into exploring central sensitization in ME/CFS because of increased nitric oxide (NO)-levels in these patients, as reported by Kurup & Kurup in 2003.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nijs|first=Jo|last2=Van de Velde|first2=Bart|last3=De Meirleir|first3=Kenny|date=2005-01|title=Pain in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: Does nitric oxide trigger central sensitisation?|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2004.07.037|journal=Medical Hypotheses|volume=64|issue=3|pages=558–562|doi=10.1016/j.mehy.2004.07.037|issn=0306-9877}}</ref> Subsequent research however showed that NO-concentrations were normal and unrelated to activity levels in 30 ME/CFS patients.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeus|first=Mira|last2=VAN Eupen|first2=Inge|last3=Hondequin|first3=Jasmien|last4=DE Hauwere|first4=Lieve|last5=Kos|first5=Daphne|last6=Nijs|first6=Jo|date=2010-11|title=Nitric oxide concentrations are normal and unrelated to activity level in chronic fatigue syndrome: a case-control study|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21164046|journal=In Vivo (Athens, Greece)|volume=24|issue=6|pages=865–869|issn=1791-7549|pmid=21164046}}</ref>

Substance P (SP) is another element believed to be involved in central sensitization. Increased levels of Substance P in cerebral spinal fluid have been reported in patients with fibromyalgia<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Russell|first=I. Jon|last2=Orr|first2=Malcolm D.|last3=Littman|first3=Bruce|last4=Vipraio|first4=Gilbert A.|last5=Alboukrek|first5=David|last6=Michalek|first6=Joel E.|last7=Lopez|first7=Yolanda|last8=Mackillip|first8=Fane|date=1994-11|title=Elevated cerebrospinal fluid levels of substance p in patients with the fibromyalgia syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.1780371106|journal=Arthritis & Rheumatism|volume=37|issue=11|pages=1593–1601|doi=10.1002/art.1780371106|issn=0004-3591}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Vaerøy|first=Henning|last2=Helle|first2=Robert|last3=Førre|first3=Øystein|last4=Kåss|first4=Erik|last5=Terenius|first5=Lars|date=1988-01|title=Elevated CSF levels of substance P and high incidence of Raynaud phenomenon in patients with fibromyalgia: new features for diagnosis|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(88)90019-x|journal=Pain|volume=32|issue=1|pages=21–26|doi=10.1016/0304-3959(88)90019-x|issn=0304-3959}}</ref> – the prototype of central sensitivity syndromes. A small Swedish study involving 15 patients found values of Substance P to be in the normal range in ME/CFS.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeus|first=Mira|last2=VAN Eupen|first2=Inge|last3=Hondequin|first3=Jasmien|last4=DE Hauwere|first4=Lieve|last5=Kos|first5=Daphne|last6=Nijs|first6=Jo|date=2010-11|title=Nitric oxide concentrations are normal and unrelated to activity level in chronic fatigue syndrome: a case-control study|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21164046|journal=In Vivo (Athens, Greece)|volume=24|issue=6|pages=865–869|issn=1791-7549|pmid=21164046}}</ref>

=== Conclusion ===
Interpretations of these preliminary findings on central sensitization in ME/CFS have been discordant. In a 2012 review Nijs & Meeus concluded that “mounting evidence supporting a role for central sensitisation in at least a large subset of the CFS population is currently available.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nijs|first=Jo|last2=Meeus|first2=Mira|last3=Van Oosterwijck|first3=Jessica|last4=Ickmans|first4=Kelly|last5=Moorkens|first5=Greta|last6=Hans|first6=Guy|last7=De Clerck|first7=Luc S.|date=2011-07-27|title=In the mind or in the brain? Scientific evidence for central sensitisation in chronic fatigue syndrome|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02575.x|journal=European Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=42|issue=2|pages=203–212|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02575.x|issn=0014-2972}}</ref> Mohammed Yunus however omitted ME/CFS on his list of central sensitivity disorders in 2015, due to a lack of evidence: <blockquote>“Despite the fact that chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) (systemic exertion intolerance disease) clinically overlaps with other members of the CSS family, definitive evidence of CS in this disease (excluding those having pain) is lacking, and was, therefore, not included.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yunus|first=Muhammad|date=2015-07-02|title=Editorial Review (Thematic Issue: An Update on Central Sensitivity Syndromes and the Issues of Nosology and Psychobiology)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339711102150702112236|journal=Current Rheumatology Reviews|volume=11|issue=2|pages=70–85|doi=10.2174/157339711102150702112236|issn=1573-3971}}</ref></blockquote>

== Treatment of central sensitization ==
Nijs & Meeus wrote two reviews<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nijs|first=Jo|last2=Meeus|first2=Mira|last3=Van Oosterwijck|first3=Jessica|last4=Roussel|first4=Nathalie|last5=De Kooning|first5=Margot|last6=Ickmans|first6=Kelly|last7=Matic|first7=Milica|date=2011-01-22|title=Treatment of central sensitization in patients with ‘unexplained’ chronic pain: what options do we have?|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.2011.547475|journal=Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy|volume=12|issue=7|pages=1087–1098|doi=10.1517/14656566.2011.547475|issn=1465-6566}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nijs|first=Jo|last2=Malfliet|first2=Anneleen|last3=Ickmans|first3=Kelly|last4=Baert|first4=Isabel|last5=Meeus|first5=Mira|date=2014-06-15|title=Treatment of central sensitization in patients with ‘unexplained’ chronic pain: an update|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.2014.925446|journal=Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy|volume=15|issue=12|pages=1671–1683|doi=10.1517/14656566.2014.925446|issn=1465-6566}}</ref> on the treatment of central sensitization. While it is advised to eliminate peripheral nociceptive input as this might sustain CS, the focus lies on medications that target the CNS. One example is acetaminophen (paracetamol) that reinforces the inhibitory serotonergic pathway. Meeus & Nijs tested this in ME/CFS patients with comorbid fibromyalgia. Although pain thresholds rose, there was no influence on temporal summation or conditioned pain modulation.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeus|first=Mira|last2=Hermans|first2=Linda|last3=Ickmans|first3=Kelly|last4=Struyf|first4=Filip|last5=Van Cauwenbergh|first5=Deborah|last6=Bronckaerts|first6=Laura|last7=De Clerck|first7=Luc S.|last8=Moorken|first8=Greta|last9=Hans|first9=Guy|date=2014-02-17|title=Endogenous Pain Modulation in Response to Exercise in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Comorbid Fibromyalgia, and Healthy Controls: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/papr.12181|journal=Pain Practice|volume=15|issue=2|pages=98–106|doi=10.1111/papr.12181|issn=1530-7085}}</ref>

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI, such as fluoxetine) also activate the serotonergic descending pathways. In a 2011 study, Meeus & Nijs gave their test subjects intravenous SRRI (citalopram) but the trial had to be stopped prematurely, since the medication gave too many side-effects.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Meeus|first=Mira|last2=Ickmans|first2=Kelly|last3=De Clerck|first3=Luc S.|last4=Moorkens|first4=Greta|last5=Hans|first5=Guy|last6=Grosemans|first6=Sofie|last7=Nijs|first7=Jo|date=2011-11|title=Serotonergic descending inhibition in chronic pain: design, preliminary results and early cessation of a randomized controlled trial|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22021700|journal=In Vivo (Athens, Greece)|volume=25|issue=6|pages=1019–1025|issn=1791-7549|pmid=22021700}}</ref>
Opioids (morphine, codeine etc.) form another option, although these drugs are rather controversial because they can lead to addiction and cause selective pain sensitization. In 2017 Meeus & Nijs tested morphine and naloxone (an opioid antagonist) against a placebo, but the results were rather bleak:<blockquote>“neither morphine nor naloxone influenced deep tissue pain, temporal summation or CPM. Therefore, these results suggest that the opioid system is not dominant in (enhanced) bottom-up sensitization (temporal summation) or (impaired) endogenous pain inhibition (CPM) in patients with CFS/FM or RA.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hermans|first=Linda|last2=Nijs|first2=Jo|last3=Calders|first3=Patrick|last4=De Clerck|first4=Luc|last5=Moorkens|first5=Greta|last6=Hans|first6=Guy|last7=Grosemans|first7=Sofie|last8=Roman De Mettelinge|first8=Tine|last9=Tuynman|first9=Joanna|date=2017-11-15|title=Influence of Morphine and Naloxone on Pain Modulation in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Fibromyalgia, and Controls: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Study|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/papr.12613|journal=Pain Practice|volume=18|issue=4|pages=418–430|doi=10.1111/papr.12613|issn=1530-7085}}</ref></blockquote>There are other therapeutic options to treat central sensitization like N-methyl-D-aspartate –receptor antagonists (e.g. ketamine), GABA-antagonists (e.g. pregabalin) or a ketogenic diet. Nijs & Meeus also propose exercise therapy and emphasize that a time-contingent approach is to be preferred in treating CS: <blockquote>“A symptom-contingent approach may facilitate the brain in its production of nonspecific warning signs like pain, whereas a time-contingent approach may deactivate brain-orchestrated top-down pain facilitatory pathways.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nijs|first=Jo|last2=Malfliet|first2=Anneleen|last3=Ickmans|first3=Kelly|last4=Baert|first4=Isabel|last5=Meeus|first5=Mira|date=2014-06-15|title=Treatment of central sensitization in patients with ‘unexplained’ chronic pain: an update|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.2014.925446|journal=Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy|volume=15|issue=12|pages=1671–1683|doi=10.1517/14656566.2014.925446|issn=1465-6566}}</ref> </blockquote>The authors do however caution that this approach might not work in every CS-patient group: <blockquote>“some patients with CS pain, including those with chronic whiplash associated disorders , chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia, are unable to activate endogenous analgesia following exercise. It remains to be established whether long-term exercise therapy accounting for the dysfunctional endogenous analgesia is able to ‘treat’ CS in these patients.” </blockquote>

== Criticism ==
Several researchers have questioned the expansion of the concept of central sensitization. Per Hanson for example wrote that “a significant body of human experimental and clinical literature interprets a multitude of symptoms and signs as expressions of CS, to an extent that is not supported by current research evidence.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hansson|first=Per|date=2014-10|title=Translational aspects of central sensitization induced by primary afferent activity: What it is and what it is not|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2014.07.016|journal=Pain|volume=155|issue=10|pages=1932–1934|doi=10.1016/j.pain.2014.07.016|issn=0304-3959}}</ref> A Belgian research group made the same argument: <blockquote>“We argue that CS, as defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain, refers to changes in nociceptive neurons only and therefore cannot be applied to enhanced responses to stimuli other than nociceptive and/or pain. Moreover, the evidence for CS in widespread pain (other than secondary hyperalgesia) and many other conditions is scarce to absent.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=van den Broeke|first=Emanuel N.|last2=Torta|first2=Diana M.|last3=Van den Bergh|first3=Omer|date=2018-07-02|title=Central Sensitization: Explanation or Phenomenon?|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167702618781804|journal=Clinical Psychological Science|pages=216770261878180|doi=10.1177/2167702618781804|issn=2167-7026}}</ref> </blockquote>In its definition, the International Association for the Study of Pain warns against using a too broad use of the term (central) sensitization: <blockquote>“This is a neurophysiological term that can only be applied when both input and output of the neural system under study are known, e.g., by controlling the stimulus and measuring the neural event. Clinically, sensitization may only be inferred indirectly from phenomena such as hyperalgesia or allodynia.”<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iasp-pain.org/Education/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=1698#Centralsensitization|title=IASP Terminology - IASP|website=www.iasp-pain.org|language=en|access-date=2018-08-25}}</ref> </blockquote>Phillips and Clauw suggest the use of other terms such as ‘central pain’ or ‘central augmentation’ instead of CS, giving that the term CS was originally used in the context of a sustained peripheral noxious input in an experimental (not a clinical) setting.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Phillips|first=Kristine|last2=Clauw|first2=Daniel J.|date=2013-01-28|title=Review: Central pain mechanisms in the rheumatic diseases: Future directions|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.37739|journal=Arthritis & Rheumatism|volume=65|issue=2|pages=291–302|doi=10.1002/art.37739|issn=0004-3591}}</ref>

Katsuhiro Toda questioned the need for CS-pain as a separate category next to neuropathic and nociceptive pain, as was suggested by the 2014 CS-criteria: <blockquote> “[…] differentiation between lesion/disease and dysfunction in the central nervous system makes no sense. Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis were functional diseases in the sixth century. In all likelihood, dysfunction of the central nervous system in patients with CS pain such as fibromyalgia will be lesion in the twenty-fourth century. Differentiating CS pain from neuropathic pain confuses clinical practice. CS pain should be included in (central) neuropathic pain.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Toda|first=Katsuhiro|date=2014-11|title=Central sensitization pain should be included in (central) neuropathic pain|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25415794|journal=Pain Physician|volume=17|issue=6|pages=E783|issn=2150-1149|pmid=25415794}}</ref></blockquote>

== Cognitive-emotional sensitization ==
A related concept to CS is cognitive-emotional sensitization, as put forward by Jos Brosschot in 2002. In his theory sensitization is presented as a psychological concept, related to anxiety and cognitive bias. According to Brosschot “those who have an extreme concern about somatic disease will develop a cognitive bias for information related to somatic disease. This bias would be reflected in an activated cognitive network that guides the brain into early detection of all information related to patients’ concerns.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Brosschot|first=Jos F.|date=2002-04|title=Cognitive-emotional sensitization and somatic health complaints|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9450.00276|journal=Scandinavian Journal of Psychology|volume=43|issue=2|pages=113–121|doi=10.1111/1467-9450.00276|issn=0036-5564}}</ref> A similar hypothesis was made by the Norwegians Olger Ursin and Hege Eriksen. In 2004 they suggested that “sensitization is the psychobiological mechanism explaining the individual differences in tolerance and acceptance of common health complaints.”<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Eriksen|first=H.R|last2=Ursin|first2=H|date=2004-04|title=Subjective health complaints, sensitization, and sustained cognitive activation (stress)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3999(03)00629-9|journal=Journal of Psychosomatic Research|volume=56|issue=4|pages=445–448|doi=10.1016/s0022-3999(03)00629-9|issn=0022-3999}}</ref>

Mohammed Yunus has criticized these mere psychological interpretations of (central) sensitization. He emphasizes that central sensitivity syndromes have an “objective pathology of neurochemistry and neuroimaging that explain many symptoms of CSS diseases”. The same argument was made by the authors of the 2014 CS-criteria, who wrote: “CS is not a disorder of the mind, but rather a disease of the brain and spinal cord.”

In 2015 Gracely & Schweinhardt presented an original hypothesis. They suggests that the symptoms of CSS disease should not be regarded as a direct consequence of a disease state or a pathological process but rather as an adaptive reaction of the body, similar to a sickness response. In their view the purpose of CS is to promote quiescence by inhibiting and limiting the normal range of behavior, which would lead to an increased survival from an evolutionary point of view.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gracely|first=Richard|last2=Schweinhardt|first2=Petra|date=2015-07-02|title=Programmed Symptoms: Disparate Effects United by Purpose|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573397111666150619095125|journal=Current Rheumatology Reviews|volume=11|issue=2|pages=116–130|doi=10.2174/1573397111666150619095125|issn=1573-3971}}</ref>

==Ongoing Studies==
*[http://www.wolfson.qmul.ac.uk/current-projects/brain-in-pain-iii#overview Brain in Pain III – The neurophysiology of chronic fatigue syndrome (Bourke, White) Centre for Psychiatry] (ending later 2016, [[Peter White]])

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Body systems]]
[[Category:Medical hypotheses]]

Central sensitization

2018-08-26T07:01:10Z

Ollie:Ollie moved page Central sensitisation to Central sensitization without leaving a redirect

Pace

2018-08-18T17:02:30Z

Ollie:Ollie moved page PACE to Pace without leaving a redirect

'''Pace''' may refer to:

*The [[PACE trial]]
*[[Pacing]]

Pace

2018-08-18T16:58:21Z

Ollie:Change to disambiguation page

'''Pace''' may refer to:

*The [[PACE trial]]
*[[Pacing]]

Energy Envelope Theory

2018-08-18T12:51:42Z

Ollie:Replace original content

{{stub}}

'''Energy Envelope Theory''' is an energy management system developed and tested by Dr. [[Leonard Jason]].

==Notable studies==
*2008, The Energy Envelope Theory and [[ME/CFS|myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome]]<ref name="Jason, 2008" /> [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5276419_The_Energy_Envelope_Theory_and_myalgic_encephalomyelitischronic_fatigue_syndrome (Full text)]
*2013, Energy Conservation/Envelope Theory Interventions to Help Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jason|first=Leonard A.|last2=Brown|first2=Molly|last3=Brown|first3=Abigail|last4=Evans|first4=Meredyth|last5=Flores|first5=Samantha|last6=Grant-Holler|first6=Elisa|last7=Sunnquist|first7=Madison|date=2013-01-14|title=Energy Conservation/Envelope Theory Interventions to Help Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3596172/|journal=Fatigue (Abingdon, Eng. Print)|volume=1|issue=1-2|pages=27–42|doi=10.1080/21641846.2012.733602|issn=2164-1846|pmid=23504301|via=}}</ref> [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3596172/ (Full Text)]

==See also==
*[[Leonard Jason]]
*[[Pacing]]
*[[Post-exertional malaise]]
*[[Spoon theory]]

==Learn more==
*2009, [http://solvecfs.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/080505.pdf Solve ME/CFS Initiative - Managing Your Energy Envelope by Bruce Campbell (pdf)]
*2013, [http://www.healthrising.org/blog/2013/05/17/coping-works-in-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-except-when-it-doesnt-study-suggests-large-group-gets-no-help/ Conserving Energy and Coping Work in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Except When They Don’t: Study Suggests Large Group Gets No Help] by [[Cort Johnson]] for [[Health Rising]]

==References==
<references>
<ref name="Jason, 2008">{{Citation
| last1 = Jason | first1 = Leonard A. | authorlink1 = Leonard Jason
| last2 = Muldowney | first2 = Kathleen | authorlink2 =
| last3 = Torres-Harding | first3 = Susan | authorlink3 = Susan Torres-Harding
| title = The Energy Envelope Theory and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
| journal = American Association of Occupational Health Nurses | volume = 56 | issue = 5 | page = 189-95
| date = 2008
| doi = 10.3928/08910162-20080501-06
}}
</ref>

</ref>
</references>
[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Management strategies]]

Talk:Energy Envelope Theory

2018-08-18T12:50:50Z

Ollie:Ollie moved page Talk:Pace to Talk:Energy Envelope Theory without leaving a redirect

=Capitalisation?=

I think this page should be called [[Energy envelope theory]] (without the two later words being capitalised) to match with the rest of the site, but I'm not sure what the rename procedure is around here so hopefully someone sees this in the avalanche of Recent changes! [[User:Jeshyr|Jeshyr]] ([[User talk:Jeshyr|talk]])

:Dr. Leonard Jason coined the term, Energy Envelope Theory, and he always capitalizes all three words. I assume that doing so brands it, making it less likely to be adulterated. [[User:Kmdenmark|Karen]] 8:13 EST 22 May 2018

Energy Envelope Theory

2018-08-18T12:50:50Z

Ollie:Ollie moved page Pace to Energy Envelope Theory without leaving a redirect

[[Category: Articles for deletion]]

This page was created when moved from one entitled "Pacing." The original title has since been restored.

Reason: Wiki manual of style recommends nouns as titles; a 'Pace' page will be confused with the trial 'PACE'

Talk:Energy Envelope Theory duplicate

2018-08-18T12:50:44Z

Ollie:Ollie moved page Talk:Energy Envelope Theory to Talk:Energy Envelope Theory duplicate without leaving a redirect

Energy Envelope Theory should remain a separate page because it is a theory that Dr. Leonard Jason developed and tested. Although it is a form of pacing, Energy Envelope Theory's development, history, and studies should remain distinct. [[User:Kmdenmark|Kmdenmark]] ([[User talk:Kmdenmark|talk]]) 15:05, 15 August 2018 (EDT)

Erik Johnson

2018-08-12T12:48:51Z

Ollie:Format

[[File:What About ME never again. .png|thumb|176x176px|Source:paradigmchange.me]]
'''Erik Johnson''' is an advocate for research into the biotoxin connection to the Holmes 1988 "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. He is the subject of the book ''[[Back from the Edge]]'' by [[Lisa Petrison]], has chapters in Dr. Ritchie Shoemakers books Mold Warriors & Surviving Mold, describing how he agreed to help start the new CFS syndrome as a prototype in order to draw the attention of researchers to the overlooked clues of biotoxins in the Tahoe Mystery Disease, and has published several books of his writings on extreme [[mold avoidance]]. He is also a regular contributor to the blog [http://paradigmchange.me/ Paradigm Change].

Erik became ill in the 1970's due to toxic mold and had been a student at Truckee High School which had its own outbreak of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick_building_syndrome Sick Building Syndrome] during the same time period of the [[1984 Incline Village chronic fatigue syndrome outbreak]], but he recovered in the late 1990s as a result of extreme mold avoidance. He has since spent his time working with scientists on the role of mold toxins in chronic illnesses, as well as producing educational materials.<ref>[http://paradigmchange.me/erik/ Paradigm Change - Erik Johnson]</ref>

== Incline Village: Cohort for examining the outbreak ==
Erik was the first EBV negative patient identified by Dr. Paul Cheney, who then demanded that Erik volunteer to be a "prototype for a new syndrome" as Dr. Cheney's goal was to disprove the CDC's "CEBV Syndrome" and necessitate the creation of a replacement in which EBV was neither inherent or necessary.

By the time of the April 1987 Holmes committee meeting which convened for this purpose, Dr. Cheney had located 19 total EBV negatives, but Erik was the only one from the original Tahoe outbreak. The "19 EBV negatives" were called "The Pristine Cases" and were the core basis for the rationale behind the new syndrome.

==Talks and interviews==
Erik Johnson is featured in the documentary "What About ME" produced by Susan Douglas

https://www.amazon.com/What-About-ME-Susan-Douglas/dp/B072L2MCX5

==Online presence==
*[https://twitter.com/erikmoldwarrior Twitter]

==See also==
*[[Mold illness]]
*[[Mold hypothesis]]
*[[1984 Incline Village chronic fatigue syndrome outbreak]]
*[[Lisa Petrison]]
*[[Ritchie Shoemaker]]

==Learn more==
*[http://www.mychemicalfreehouse.net/2013/01/practicing-mould-avoidance.html How to Practice Mould Avoidance as Outlined by Erik Johnson]
*[https://www.facebook.com/groups/erikjohnsoneffect/ Facebook Group - The Erik Johnson Effect]
*[http://paradigmchange.me/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Role-of-Toxic-Mold-in-CFS-PDF.pdf The Role of Toxic Mold in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome by Erik Johnson] (PDF)
*[http://paradigmchange.me/erik/ Publications by Erik Johnson]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:People with ME, CFS, and/or FMS]]
[[Category:Advocates or allies]]
[[Category:American advocates or allies]]
[[Category:Authors]]

United States proclamations and resolutions

2018-08-11T15:43:55Z

Ollie:/* New Jersey */ Add photo of 1999 proclamation signing

A list of [[United States]] '''proclamations''' and '''resolutions''', listed by state/province and city.

==Arizona==

*Phoenix, May 2016 [[Media:2016-05-12_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_Final_Proclamation,_Phoenix_AZ_Mayor_Greg_Stanton.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Stanton]] (pdf)

==California==
===State===

*California State Senate, May 18, 2017, adopted bill SCR-40 Myalgic Encephalomyelitis Awareness Month; [[Media:SCR 40.pdf| Bill introduced by Senator Steve Glazer and Assembly Member Catharine B. Baker]]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wu4FVCT9YWU Video of bill vote]

===Cities & Counties===

*Anaheim, May 2015 [[Media:ANAHEIM CA USA PROCLAMATION by Mayor Tait, Council 2015-05-12 & Info.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Tait & Council]] (pdf)
*Elk Grove, May 2016 [[Media: Elk Grove CA USA Mayor & Council 05-11-16 Proclamation.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Davis & Council]] (pdf)
*Los Angeles, May 2016 [[Media:2016-05-12 Los Angeles ME-CFS Certificate Mayor Eric Garcetti.jpg|Proclamation by Mayor Garcetti]] (jpg)
*Pleasanton, May 2016 [[Media: 2016-05-12 Pleasanton CA Proclamation.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Thorne & Council]] (pdf)
*Sacramento, May 2016 [[Media: Sacramento CA USA Recognizing May 12, 2016 as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Awareness Day Resolution, CRA2016-020.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Johnson & Council]] (pdf)
*San Ramon, May 2016 [[Media: 2016,_May_12_ME_Proclamation_by_San_Ramon,_CA_USA_Mayor_Bill_Clarkson.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Bill Clarkson]] (pdf)
*West Sacramento, May 2016 [[Media:2016-05-12 West Sacramento ME proclamation, Mayor Cabaldon.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Cabaldon]] (pdf)
*San Francisco, Sep 27, 2016 [[Media:San Francisco Proclamation.jpg|Proclamation by Mayor Edwin Lee naming May 12, 2017 as SF ME/CFS Awareness Day]] (jpg)
*San Francisco, Sep 27, 2016 [[Media:Certificate of Honor, SF Board of Supervisors.jpg|Board of Supervisors Certificate of Honor honoring #MillionsMissing for advocacy work]] (jpg)

==Georgia==

*State of Georgia, May 2017 [http://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20172018/164298.pdf Georgia House Resolution] (pdf)

==Illinois==

*State of Illinois, May 2017 [http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/100/HR/10000HR0021.htm Illinois House Resolution] (htm)

==Indiana==

*State of Indiana, May 2018 [[Media:ME Indiana Proclamation Copy.jpg|Proclamation for Indianapolis, Indiana]] (jpg)

==Michigan==

*Grand Rapids, May 2012 [[Media: GRAND RAPIDS & West MI USAProclamation, Mayor Hartwell 2012-05.jpg|Proclamation for Grand Rapids, MI]] (jpg)

==Maryland==

*Montgomery County, Sep 27 2016 [[Media:Maryland proclamation montgomery county.JPG|Proclamation for Montgomery County]] (jpg)

==Massachusetts==

*State of Massachusetts, May 2017 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOya0JHT20xUEdIV2M/view Proclamation for Massachusetts] (jpg)
*Northampton, MA, Oct 2016 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOyTTQ0ZE12SWdXdzQ/view Proclamation for Northampton, MA] (jpg)
*Pittsfield, MA, May 2017 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOybTR1Q0JhOFFLVEE/view Proclamation for Pittsfield, MA] (pdf)
*Cambridge, MA, May 2017 [http://me-pedia.org/images/4/44/CityofCambridge_MECFS_Proclamation_2017.jpg Proclamation for Cambridge, MA] (jpg)

==Minnesota==
*State of Minnesota, May 2018 [[:File:Minnesota Proclamation.pdf|Proclamation for Minnesota]] (pdf)

==New Jersey==
*State of New Jersey, 1999. Governor Whitman at the State Capitol [[File:MECFS NJ CFS Bill Signing-Gov. Whitman 1999.jpg|150px]] (Copy proclamation needed)
*State of New Jersey, May 2017 [http://www.njmecfsa.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Proclamation-2017.jpg Proclamation for New Jersey] (jpg)
*State of New Jersey, May 2018 [http://www.njmecfsa.org/2018/04/30/governor-declares-may-me-cfs-awareness-month/ Proclamation for New Jersey] (html)

==New York==

*State of New York, June 2017 [https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/resolutions/2017/j2436 New York Senate Resolution] (html)
*New York Department of Health - Health Commissioner, May 2017 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B37JHmPXER6JZkZRd0hIalA2bUE/view Newsletter to New York State Physicians] (pdf)

==North Carolina==

*State of North Carolina, May 2017 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOyTTVaUzZGUGFwbms/view Proclamation for North Carolina] (jpg)
*Washington, NC May 2017 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOyMFFMM3lnWGsyYXM/view Proclamation for Washington, NC] (jpg)

==Ohio==

*Springfield, OH, May 2015 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOyYm5fSDJTTjB2amc/view Proclamation for Springfield] (jpg)

==Tennessee==

*Knoxville, TN, May 2017 [[Media:Knoxville Mayoral Proclamation ME CFS Awareness Day May 12, 2017-Proclamation by Mayor Rogero.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Rogero]] (pdf)

==Texas==

*Houston, TX, May 2016 [[Media:Proclamation Houston Mayor 2016-05.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Turner]] (pdf)

==See also==
*[[Illuminated landmarks]]
*[[:Category:Open letters|Open letters]]
*[[12 May, International ME Day - Scottish Parliament: 11th May 2017]]

[[Category:Advocacy and fundraising initiatives]]

File:MECFS NJ CFS Bill Signing-Gov. Whitman 1999.jpg

2018-08-11T15:41:47Z

Ollie:

United States proclamations and resolutions

2018-08-11T15:38:50Z

Ollie:Add Minnesota

A list of [[United States]] '''proclamations''' and '''resolutions''', listed by state/province and city.

==Arizona==

*Phoenix, May 2016 [[Media:2016-05-12_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_Final_Proclamation,_Phoenix_AZ_Mayor_Greg_Stanton.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Stanton]] (pdf)

==California==
===State===

*California State Senate, May 18, 2017, adopted bill SCR-40 Myalgic Encephalomyelitis Awareness Month; [[Media:SCR 40.pdf| Bill introduced by Senator Steve Glazer and Assembly Member Catharine B. Baker]]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wu4FVCT9YWU Video of bill vote]

===Cities & Counties===

*Anaheim, May 2015 [[Media:ANAHEIM CA USA PROCLAMATION by Mayor Tait, Council 2015-05-12 & Info.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Tait & Council]] (pdf)
*Elk Grove, May 2016 [[Media: Elk Grove CA USA Mayor & Council 05-11-16 Proclamation.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Davis & Council]] (pdf)
*Los Angeles, May 2016 [[Media:2016-05-12 Los Angeles ME-CFS Certificate Mayor Eric Garcetti.jpg|Proclamation by Mayor Garcetti]] (jpg)
*Pleasanton, May 2016 [[Media: 2016-05-12 Pleasanton CA Proclamation.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Thorne & Council]] (pdf)
*Sacramento, May 2016 [[Media: Sacramento CA USA Recognizing May 12, 2016 as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Awareness Day Resolution, CRA2016-020.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Johnson & Council]] (pdf)
*San Ramon, May 2016 [[Media: 2016,_May_12_ME_Proclamation_by_San_Ramon,_CA_USA_Mayor_Bill_Clarkson.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Bill Clarkson]] (pdf)
*West Sacramento, May 2016 [[Media:2016-05-12 West Sacramento ME proclamation, Mayor Cabaldon.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Cabaldon]] (pdf)
*San Francisco, Sep 27, 2016 [[Media:San Francisco Proclamation.jpg|Proclamation by Mayor Edwin Lee naming May 12, 2017 as SF ME/CFS Awareness Day]] (jpg)
*San Francisco, Sep 27, 2016 [[Media:Certificate of Honor, SF Board of Supervisors.jpg|Board of Supervisors Certificate of Honor honoring #MillionsMissing for advocacy work]] (jpg)

==Georgia==

*State of Georgia, May 2017 [http://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20172018/164298.pdf Georgia House Resolution] (pdf)

==Illinois==

*State of Illinois, May 2017 [http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/100/HR/10000HR0021.htm Illinois House Resolution] (htm)

==Indiana==

*State of Indiana, May 2018 [[Media:ME Indiana Proclamation Copy.jpg|Proclamation for Indianapolis, Indiana]] (jpg)

==Michigan==

*Grand Rapids, May 2012 [[Media: GRAND RAPIDS & West MI USAProclamation, Mayor Hartwell 2012-05.jpg|Proclamation for Grand Rapids, MI]] (jpg)

==Maryland==

*Montgomery County, Sep 27 2016 [[Media:Maryland proclamation montgomery county.JPG|Proclamation for Montgomery County]] (jpg)

==Massachusetts==

*State of Massachusetts, May 2017 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOya0JHT20xUEdIV2M/view Proclamation for Massachusetts] (jpg)
*Northampton, MA, Oct 2016 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOyTTQ0ZE12SWdXdzQ/view Proclamation for Northampton, MA] (jpg)
*Pittsfield, MA, May 2017 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOybTR1Q0JhOFFLVEE/view Proclamation for Pittsfield, MA] (pdf)
*Cambridge, MA, May 2017 [http://me-pedia.org/images/4/44/CityofCambridge_MECFS_Proclamation_2017.jpg Proclamation for Cambridge, MA] (jpg)

==Minnesota==
*State of Minnesota, May 2018 [[:File:Minnesota Proclamation.pdf|Proclamation for Minnesota]] (pdf)

==New Jersey==

*State of New Jersey, May 2017 [http://www.njmecfsa.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Proclamation-2017.jpg Proclamation for New Jersey] (jpg)
*State of New Jersey, May 2018 [http://www.njmecfsa.org/2018/04/30/governor-declares-may-me-cfs-awareness-month/ Proclamation for New Jersey] (html)

==New York==

*State of New York, June 2017 [https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/resolutions/2017/j2436 New York Senate Resolution] (html)
*New York Department of Health - Health Commissioner, May 2017 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B37JHmPXER6JZkZRd0hIalA2bUE/view Newsletter to New York State Physicians] (pdf)

==North Carolina==

*State of North Carolina, May 2017 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOyTTVaUzZGUGFwbms/view Proclamation for North Carolina] (jpg)
*Washington, NC May 2017 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOyMFFMM3lnWGsyYXM/view Proclamation for Washington, NC] (jpg)

==Ohio==

*Springfield, OH, May 2015 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3fv5Vz5YsOyYm5fSDJTTjB2amc/view Proclamation for Springfield] (jpg)

==Tennessee==

*Knoxville, TN, May 2017 [[Media:Knoxville Mayoral Proclamation ME CFS Awareness Day May 12, 2017-Proclamation by Mayor Rogero.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Rogero]] (pdf)

==Texas==

*Houston, TX, May 2016 [[Media:Proclamation Houston Mayor 2016-05.pdf|Proclamation by Mayor Turner]] (pdf)

==See also==
*[[Illuminated landmarks]]
*[[:Category:Open letters|Open letters]]
*[[12 May, International ME Day - Scottish Parliament: 11th May 2017]]

[[Category:Advocacy and fundraising initiatives]]

File:Minnesota Proclamation.pdf

2018-08-11T15:35:47Z

Ollie:

A Consensus Manual for the Primary Care and Management of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

2018-08-11T15:35:07Z

Ollie:Add cover image

[[File:MECFS Physicians Manual.jpg|right|200px]]
'''A Consensus Manual for the Primary Care and Management of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome''' is a clinical care manual produced in 2002 by The Academy of Medicine of New Jersey and the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services. Joseph F. John, Jr., MD, Editor and James M. Oleske, MD, MPH, Associate Editor.<ref>Oleske JJ. A Consensus Manual for the Primary Care and Management of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. The Academy of Medicine of New Jersey, The New Jersey Department of Health & Senior Services; 2002.</ref>

==Members of the writing committee and consulting advisors==
*'''Richard L. Bruno''', MD, PhD - Director, The Post Polio Institute and Fatigue Management Program, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, New Jersey
*'''Barbara B. Comerford''', Esq., Law Office of Barbara B. Comerford, Ridgewood, New Jersey
*'''Terri Lynn Evans''', RN, Consultant, Port Republic, New Jersey
*'''[[Kenneth Friedman|Kenneth J. Friedman]]''', PhD, Associate Professor of Pharmacology and Physiology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
*'''Paul J. Goodnick''', MD, Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
*'''Carolyn Grace''', PhD, Licensed Psychologist, Assistant Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
*'''Joseph F. John, Jr.''', MD, Editor, Professor of Medicine, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Division of Allergy, Immunology & Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
*'''Kenneth R. Kaufman''', MD, MRCPsyc, Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Neurology, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
*'''[[Susan Levine|Susan M. Levine]]''', MD, Infectious Disease Specialist, New York, New York
*'''Jeffrey P. Levine''', MD, MPH, Assistant Professor, Departments of Family Medicine, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Director, Women’s Health and Obstetrics Fellowship Programs, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
*'''Alan Lichtbroun''', MD, Clinical Assistant Professor, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
*'''Mary Ellen McNamara''', MBA, APC Vice President and Director of Research, New Jersey CFS Association, Inc.,Chatham, New Jersey
*'''[[James Oleske|James M. Oleske]]''', MD, MPH, Associate Editor, Francis-Xavier Bagnoud Professor of Pediatrics, Director, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School Newark, New Jersey
*'''Donna L. Palumbo''', LCSW, Consultant, Eatontown, New Jersey
*'''[[Richard Podell|Richard N. Podell]]''', MD, Clinical Professor of Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
*'''Kenneth Rubin''', MD, Chief of Gastroenterology, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Englewood, New Jersey
*'''Lorraine T. Steefel''', RN, MA, MSN, Nurse Consultant, Medical Writer, Morganville, New Jersey
*'''Jonathan Sterling''', MA, ACAS, Chairman of the Board of Directors, [[CFIDS Association of America]], Inc., Treasurer, NJCFS Association, Inc., Member, [[US Department of Health and Human Services]], CFS Coordinating Committee, Chatham, New Jersey
*'''[[Julian Stewart|Julian M. Stewart]]''', MD, PhD, Professor of Pediatrics, Research Professor of Physiology Director, Center for Pediatric Hypotension, New York Medical College, New Rochelle, New York
*'''[[Rosemary Underhill]]''', MB, BS, MRCOG, (UK) Consultant, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
*'''Jerald R. Zimmerman''', MD, Chief, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, New Jersey

== Copyright information ==
All rights are reserved and no reproduction of this manual in any form without express permission is allowed.

== References ==

[[Category:Clinical guidelines]]

File:MECFS Physicians Manual.jpg

2018-08-11T15:34:33Z

Ollie:

MEpedia:How to contribute

2018-08-04T12:03:38Z

Ollie:Format, add link to auto-citations

Contribute to MEpedia today! Anyone can create pages, write content, add links/citations, fact-check, or even just fix typos. Everyone has something to offer, whatever your skills & experience, even if you have never edited a wiki (like Wikipedia) before. Get involved and help the patient community identify all of the best and most important resources for our disease and its research, treatment and history.

To get started, read our [[Editorial Guidelines]] and find more information about how to edit MEpedia below. Please make sure to join our contributor community, the MEpedia [http://facebook.com/groups/218347055598647 Facebook Group]. You can also follow MEPedia [https://www.facebook.com/mepedia/ on Facebook], [https://twitter.com/MEencyclopedia Twitter] and subscribe to us on [https://www.reddit.com/r/MEAction Reddit].

Pages that are a [[red link]] have not been created yet and need to be populated – a full list of these pages [[Special:WantedPages|can be found here]]. Pages that have been created ([[Blue link|blue links]]) but need to be expanded are marked as stubs - a full list of all stubs [[:Category:Stubs|can be found here]]. We also have a [[MEpedia Suggestions#priority pages for expansion|list of priority pages for expansion]].

All we ask is that you read the guidelines (see below) before you edit.

Pages that have problems such as incorrect information, formatting issues, or a lack of citations are marked with a cleanup note. A full list of pages requiring cleanup [[:Category:All articles needing cleanup|can be found here]].

Have any questions after reading the below? Email [mailto:mepedia@meaction.net mepedia@meaction.net].

== Getting started ==

=== Create an account ===
Before you start editing, you should [[Special:CreateAccount|create an account]] or [[Special:UserLogin|log in]]. Note, if you are not logged in when you make an edit or contribution to a page, your IP address will appear.

==Rules & Guidelines==

*[[Editorial Guidelines]]
*[[Science Guidelines]]
*[[MEpedia:Manual of Style]]

== Suggested tasks ==

===Five minute tasks===
Only have a five minute spoon to give? Here is a [[List of small tasks|list of small tasks]] you can help us with in roughly one to ten minutes of time.

=== Priority projects ===
Want to dive in deeper? Browse a [[MEpedia suggestions#Suggestions - High Priority|list of larger projects]] and page revisions.
== Roles ==
There are so many different roles contributors can play, at every level of cognitive ability or technical expertise. Every contributor can play one or more roles. All are important and help us grow and improve the project!

'''The Scientist:''' If you have a science background or a passion for science, we definitely need your expertise improving our medical and science pages and ensuring that all content is correct, accurate and cited. (Note: unlike Wikipedia, every fact presented on MEpedia does not need to be replicated or have appeared in a review article. However, the limitations of individual studies and the certainty of findings need to be properly contextualized and qualified. For more, see the [[Science Guidelines]])

'''The Translator:''' While many of the science pages will have highly technical information, useful to medical professionals and researchers, it's our goal that the opening section of every page (which usually comes before the table of contents) can provide a one to two paragraph summary that is accessible to as general audience as possible. As a page matures and contains a lot of information, The Translator can write an opening paragraph if none exists or improve the opening paragraph(s) to make it even more accessible.

''But you don't necessarily need to have a technical background to play any of these roles:''

'''The Historian:''' Help us improve our content on the history of [[Myalgic encephalomyelitis|ME]] and [[Chronic fatigue syndrome|CFS]] (and before it was either of these things, [[Icelandic Disease]] and [[atypical polio]]). Bring to life the [[List of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome outbreaks|outbreaks]] of the past by digging into the newspaper and journal records and creating pages for individual outbreaks.

'''The Biographer:''' We have dozens of pages with biographies of scientists, clinicians, historical figures and activists with ME. These can always be improved and there are many people still missing. (See our categories for [[:Category:Famous people with ME, CFS, and/or FMS|famous people]], [[:Category:Researchers|researchers]], [[:Category:Clinicians|clinicians]], [[:Category:Advocates or allies|advocates]])

'''The Editor:''' As pages grow through the addition of new information, they can often become hard to navigate. Read our more developed pages and see whether they can be improved by breaking up very long sections into sub-sections, improving overall flow, organization and readability, or updating the opening paragraph to better reflect the way the page may have grown and changed.

'''The Link Collector:''' Sometimes you may not have the cognitive capacity or time to take an interesting article and writing it into an existing page. However, you can help simply by collecting links and pasting them on the "Discussion" page of a given article, with perhaps a sentence or two explaining its relevance, so that someone in the future can take that link and incorporate that into the page.

'''The Deep Sea Diver:''' You may not have an expertise in a particular area, but you decide to adopt a page you feel passionate about, and build it from the ground up, reading every reference you can find. It's a long, slow process but can be really gratifying to develop mastery over a specific topic!

'''The Photo Curator:''' Many of our pages could be improved simply through the addition of images and drawings. It's important to make sure you have permission to use the any photos you add , that they are in the public domain, or that they carry a Creative Commons license. See this category listing articles that need images or photos adding to them: [[:Category:Articles that need an image or photo]]

'''The Bridge Builder:''' pick a [[Special:DeadendPages|dead end]] page and create internal links to related MEpedia content within the body of the page or by added pages to the "See also" section. Or, find an [[Special:LonelyPages|orphan page]] and link to it from existing pages.

'''The Expander:''' browse MEpedia's [[Special:ShortPages|shortest pages]] and help us lengthen them.

'''The Proofreader:''' Fix small typos and grammatical errors as you go. Or visit the [[Welcome to MEpedia|front page]] and hit "[[Special:Random|random]]" to be taken to a random article. Or see the list of [[Special:RecentChanges|recently updated pages]]. Read and correct mistakes.

'''The Citation Catcher:''' Many citations are simple links, without the proper article title, journal name, date or author information. Correcting citations are a great way to help us improve this project.

'''The Manual Writer:''' All of our support documentation could always be improved. Help us find ways to better explain the tools and guidelines behind MEpedia and help make them more accessible. To contribute in this way, consider starting a new thread in our [https://www.facebook.com/groups/218347055598647/ Facebook group] and making a suggestion.

'''The Community Organizer:''' Help us grow this project by growing the community around it. Invite friends to join our [https://www.facebook.com/groups/218347055598647/ Facebook group]. Act as a greeter, help folks feel welcome, answer questions as they arise.

'''The Outreacher:''' Help us build links between MEpedia and others. For example posting MEpedia articles to other M.E, community forums and asking for help improving them, sending links to MEpedia articles to scientists (e.g. the page about them) and asking them to update the page and confirm it is complete, asking researchers to read MEpedia pages related to their work and provide feedback on what needs adding, or asking M.E. blog writers to include MEpedia links in their articles so their readers can learn more.

'''The Supporter:''' Help MEpedia by helping, training and supporting its volunteer team. Help everyone learn how to edit pages, to do more advanced editing, and how to more effectively create content. Maybe you're a technologist who finds it easy to learn and teach others about wiki editing, or a technical writer who cannot commit to contribute much but can help others to write.

'''The News Reader:''' Help keep MEpedia fresh by updating its pages based on news you read. For example if you read a new article published by journalist David Tuller, make sure his page has been updated to include the latest article. Or if an announcement is made by the NIH or some other organization, update relevant pages to reflect the news.

See [[How_to_contribute#How_can_I_contribute.3F|even more ways to contribute]].

==A note on ME v. CFS==
We have separate pages for [[Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]], [[ME/CFS]] and [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]] as well as [[SEID]]. The convention is that the terminology used in an ME-pedia article should match the terminology used in the underlying source. Where there is a tension between the term used in the source and the definition (e.g., [[ME]] defined by the [[Oxford criteria]] or [[CFS]] defined by the [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]]), it may be useful for clarity to mention the definition used.

==How do I create a new page?==
Simply type in the title of your new page and hit "create page." You'll want to [[Special:Search|search]] the existing database of pages to make sure that your page or a similar page does not already exist.<inputbox>
type=create
break=no
</inputbox>
You can also browse our list of [[Special:WantedPages|"wanted" pages]] – pages that are linked to from existing pages, but don't yet exist.

==How do I edit existing pages?==

There are two types of editor on this wiki, the '''Visual editor''', which operates more like your word processing or email program, and the '''Source editor''', which uses a special kind of wiki code. Most users will prefer to use the Visual editor, but for more advance applications or if the Visual editor is "down" (as happens from time to time), the resources below will help you learn how to navigate both.

Look for the "edit" (Visual editor) or "edit source" (Source editor) links at the top of the page (to edit the whole page) and next to each section heading (to edit just that section).

After you've made your changes, scroll down to the 'Show Preview' section, add a comment, preview your changes, then save them.

=== Using the visual editor ===

To learn how to use the visual editor, please see Wikipedia's [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide visual editor user guide].

Note that the Visual Editor includes a facility to automatically insert full citations, by just specifying the link or doi to the source, see [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/VisualEditor/Design/Reference_Dialog#Auto-filled_Web_Citations Visual Editor Auto-filled Web Citations].

=== Using the source code editor ===
The source code editor is a more advanced way of editing MEpedia. See our tricks and tips on how to [[Using the source code editor|get started with the source code editor]].

== Article outlines, templates and includes==

=== Article outlines ===
A list of [[MEpedia article outlines|copy-and-paste outlines]] for new articles depending category.

=== Common templates and includes ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Template name
!Description / Function
!Source editor code
!Installation status
!Visual editor status
|-
|Cleanup needed
|Indicates articles that need cleanup and the reason why.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Cleanup|reason= |date= }}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but could use cleaner visual (e.g., a box/outline around it). See Wikipedia's version and compare to MEpedia.
|Possible fields do not appear. Would be wonderful if there could be a handful of prefab reasons for cleanup that could allow for searching on those reasons (e.g., view all pages with citation issues, all pages requiring editing or reorganization, all pages that are too long, all pages not written in encyclopedic style, etc).
|-
|Stub article
|Indicates a very short article that is a "stub" waiting to be expanded.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{stub}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but compared with Wikipedia's version.
|I don't know if Stub article take fields
|-
|Main
|Links a section of one page to the full article on another.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Main|page}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed, but no formatting. See Wikipedia for example of how formatting should be displayed.
|Possible fields do not appear
|-
|Citation needed
|Indicates facts that require citations.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Citation needed}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but not working properly (may be missing a component).
|
|-
|All pages in a category
|Automatically displays all of the articles within the specified category
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{PagesInCategory|category-name}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Can be spread across columns, see examples.
|No explicit support
|-
|All categories in a category
|Automatically displays all of the sub-categories within the specified category
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{CategoriesInCategory|category-name}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Can be spread across columns, see examples.
|No explicit support
|-
|Mark an article as needing a photo or image adding to it
|Adds it to the category [[:Category:Articles that need an image or photo]]
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{NeedsImage}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|
|No explicit support
|}

==Other ways to contribute==

===Make a suggestion===
Almost everyone working on MEpedia is sick, including bed-bound patients. Although we welcome suggestions please, please if you possibly can, create/edit the page yourself. It is very easy to add a new page or make an improvement – be bold! Together we are stronger as a community. If you REALLY can't edit the page, then you can go to the [[MEpedia suggestions]] page, click Edit, and add your suggestion to the list for someone else to consider implementing in future.

===Implement a suggestion===
If you want to contribute but aren't sure where to start, try looking at the [[MEpedia suggestions]] and consider implementing an improvement suggested by others.

===Create a new article===

To create a new article, simply search for the title of the article you wish to create. If a page does not already exist, you will see an option to create the page. Alternatively if you see a red link to the page, that means it does not yet exist. Just click the red link to create the page.

Once you have a blank editable article open, consider copying-and-pasting an outline into it for that type of article, so you have a set of headings to prompt writing. See [[MEpedia article outlines]]

Remember that articles must use strong citations. For example if you write "ME/CFS can be successfully treated with XYZ", you MUST provide a reference to evidence, ideally a high quality (randomized, placebo-controlled) published study. If there is no evidence, the wording must reflect this, for example "ME/CFS is sometimes treated using XYZ, but currently there is no good evidence for its use".

=== Expand a topic ===

Pages with blue links (as opposed to red) exist already, and can be proof-read, improved and extended. Remember statements need to be supported by the best available evidence or source, for example a published quote by a person, or a paper in a scientific journal.

=== Check our references ===

You can make sure facts are properly cited and references are in correct format.

We aim to serve a general audience, a research audience, and a patient audience. All entries should be cited and make clear to distinguish what has and has not been established by peer-reviewed research findings. Articles should aim to provide both a general overview of a specific topic as well as discuss its implications or applications in ME and CFS.

=== Correct typos ===

You can also copy-edit existing articles for typos and edit for clarity.

=== Clean-up poor pages ===
Some pages are inconsistently formatted, too long, are presented badly, need partially rewriting, or suffer from other problems. Those pages are marked as needing clean-up, and are listed under [[clean up list|all articles needing cleanup]].

===Mark pages as needing cleanup===
If you see a problem with a page, it needs clean-up, and you are not able to resolve it, mark the page as needing cleaning by adding a marker like this including a description of the problem:

''<nowiki>{{Cleanup | reason=the article is full of incorrect capitalization | date=August 2018}}</nowiki>''

For more details see [[Template:Cleanup|Cleanup]].

== Other Resources ==

* [[mw:Help:Editing|Help:Editing]]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings|Configuration settings list]]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki|FAQ]]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources|Localise MediaWiki for your language]]
* [[Power user/editor tips]]
* [[:Category:Fundamental | Categories browser]]

[[Category:MEpedia guidelines]]

MEpedia:How to contribute

2018-08-02T14:06:27Z

Ollie:/* Roles */ Add link to category

Contribute to MEpedia today! Anyone can create pages, write content, add links/citations, fact-check, or even just fix typos. Everyone has something to offer, whatever your skills & experience, even if you have never edited a wiki (like Wikipedia) before. Get involved and help the patient community identify all of the best and most important resources for our disease and its research, treatment and history.

To get started, read our [[Editorial Guidelines]] and find more information about how to edit MEpedia below. Please make sure to join our contributor community, the MEpedia [http://facebook.com/groups/218347055598647 Facebook Group]. You can also follow MEPedia [https://www.facebook.com/mepedia/ on Facebook], [https://twitter.com/MEencyclopedia Twitter] and subscribe to us on [https://www.reddit.com/r/MEAction Reddit].

Pages that are a [[red link]] have not been created yet and need to be populated – a full list of these pages [[Special:WantedPages|can be found here]]. Pages that have been created ([[Blue link|blue links]]) but need to be expanded are marked as stubs - a full list of all stubs [[:Category:Stubs|can be found here]]. We also have a [[MEpedia Suggestions#priority pages for expansion|list of priority pages for expansion]].

All we ask is that you read the guidelines (see below) before you edit.

Pages that have problems such as incorrect information, formatting issues, or a lack of citations are marked with a cleanup note. A full list of pages requiring cleanup [[:Category:All articles needing cleanup|can be found here]].

Have any questions after reading the below? Email [mailto:mepedia@meaction.net mepedia@meaction.net].

== Getting started ==

=== Create an account ===
Before you start editing, you should [[Special:CreateAccount|create an account]] or [[Special:UserLogin|log in]]. Note, if you are not logged in when you make an edit or contribution to a page, your IP address will appear.

==Rules & Guidelines==

*[[Editorial Guidelines]]
*[[Science Guidelines]]
*[[MEpedia:Manual of Style]]

== Suggested tasks ==

===Five minute tasks===
Only have a five minute spoon to give? Here is a [[List of small tasks|list of small tasks]] you can help us with in roughly one to ten minutes of time.

=== Priority projects ===
Want to dive in deeper? Browse a [[MEpedia suggestions#Suggestions - High Priority|list of larger projects]] and page revisions.
== Roles ==
There are so many different roles contributors can play, at every level of cognitive ability or technical expertise. Every contributor can play one or more roles. All are important and help us grow and improve the project!

'''The Scientist:''' If you have a science background or a passion for science, we definitely need your expertise improving our medical and science pages and ensuring that all content is correct, accurate and cited. (Note: unlike Wikipedia, every fact presented on MEpedia does not need to be replicated or have appeared in a review article. However, the limitations of individual studies and the certainty of findings need to be properly contextualized and qualified. For more, see the [[Science Guidelines]])

'''The Translator:''' While many of the science pages will have highly technical information, useful to medical professionals and researchers, it's our goal that the opening section of every page (which usually comes before the table of contents) can provide a one to two paragraph summary that is accessible to as general audience as possible. As a page matures and contains a lot of information, The Translator can write an opening paragraph if none exists or improve the opening paragraph(s) to make it even more accessible.

''But you don't necessarily need to have a technical background to play any of these roles:''

'''The Historian:''' Help us improve our content on the history of [[Myalgic encephalomyelitis|ME]] and [[Chronic fatigue syndrome|CFS]] (and before it was either of these things, [[Icelandic Disease]] and [[atypical polio]]). Bring to life the [[List of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome outbreaks|outbreaks]] of the past by digging into the newspaper and journal records and creating pages for individual outbreaks.

'''The Biographer:''' We have dozens of pages with biographies of scientists, clinicians, historical figures and activists with ME. These can always be improved and there are many people still missing. (See our categories for [[:Category:Famous people with ME, CFS, and/or FMS|famous people]], [[:Category:Researchers|researchers]], [[:Category:Clinicians|clinicians]], [[:Category:Advocates or allies|advocates]])

'''The Editor:''' As pages grow through the addition of new information, they can often become hard to navigate. Read our more developed pages and see whether they can be improved by breaking up very long sections into sub-sections, improving overall flow, organization and readability, or updating the opening paragraph to better reflect the way the page may have grown and changed.

'''The Link Collector:''' Sometimes you may not have the cognitive capacity or time to take an interesting article and writing it into an existing page. However, you can help simply by collecting links and pasting them on the "Discussion" page of a given article, with perhaps a sentence or two explaining its relevance, so that someone in the future can take that link and incorporate that into the page.

'''The Deep Sea Diver:''' You may not have an expertise in a particular area, but you decide to adopt a page you feel passionate about, and build it from the ground up, reading every reference you can find. It's a long, slow process but can be really gratifying to develop mastery over a specific topic!

'''The Photo Curator:''' Many of our pages could be improved simply through the addition of images and drawings. It's important to make sure you have permission to use the any photos you add , that they are in the public domain, or that they carry a Creative Commons license. See this category listing articles that need images or photos adding to them: [[:Category:Articles that need an image or photo]]

'''The Bridge Builder:''' pick a [[Special:DeadendPages|dead end]] page and create internal links to related MEpedia content within the body of the page or by added pages to the "See also" section. Or, find an [[Special:LonelyPages|orphan page]] and link to it from existing pages.

'''The Expander:''' browse MEpedia's [[Special:ShortPages|shortest pages]] and help us lengthen them.

'''The Proofreader:''' Fix small typos and grammatical errors as you go. Or visit the [[Welcome to MEpedia|front page]] and hit "[[Special:Random|random]]" to be taken to a random article. Or see the list of [[Special:RecentChanges|recently updated pages]]. Read and correct mistakes.

'''The Citation Catcher:''' Many citations are simple links, without the proper article title, journal name, date or author information. Correcting citations are a great way to help us improve this project.

'''The Manual Writer:''' All of our support documentation could always be improved. Help us find ways to better explain the tools and guidelines behind MEpedia and help make them more accessible. To contribute in this way, consider starting a new thread in our [https://www.facebook.com/groups/218347055598647/ Facebook group] and making a suggestion.

'''The Community Organizer:''' Help us grow this project by growing the community around it. Invite friends to join our [https://www.facebook.com/groups/218347055598647/ Facebook group]. Act as a greeter, help folks feel welcome, answer questions as they arise.

'''The Outreacher:''' Help us build links between MEpedia and others. For example posting MEpedia articles to other M.E, community forums and asking for help improving them, sending links to MEpedia articles to scientists (e.g. the page about them) and asking them to update the page and confirm it is complete, asking researchers to read MEpedia pages related to their work and provide feedback on what needs adding, or asking M.E. blog writers to include MEpedia links in their articles so their readers can learn more.

'''The Supporter:''' Help MEpedia by helping, training and supporting its volunteer team. Help everyone learn how to edit pages, to do more advanced editing, and how to more effectively create content. Maybe you're a technologist who finds it easy to learn and teach others about wiki editing, or a technical writer who cannot commit to contribute much but can help others to write.

'''The News Reader:''' Help keep MEpedia fresh by updating its pages based on news you read. For example if you read a new article published by journalist David Tuller, make sure his page has been updated to include the latest article. Or if an announcement is made by the NIH or some other organization, update relevant pages to reflect the news.

See [[How_to_contribute#How_can_I_contribute.3F|even more ways to contribute]].

==A note on ME v. CFS==
We have separate pages for [[Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]], [[ME/CFS]] and [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]] as well as [[SEID]]. The convention is that the terminology used in an ME-pedia article should match the terminology used in the underlying source. Where there is a tension between the term used in the source and the definition (e.g., [[ME]] defined by the [[Oxford criteria]] or [[CFS]] defined by the [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]]), it may be useful for clarity to mention the definition used.

==How do I create a new page?==
Simply type in the title of your new page and hit "create page." You'll want to [[Special:Search|search]] the existing database of pages to make sure that your page or a similar page does not already exist.<inputbox>
type=create
break=no
</inputbox>
You can also browse our list of [[Special:WantedPages|"wanted" pages]] – pages that are linked to from existing pages, but don't yet exist.

==How do I edit existing pages?==

There are two types of editor on this wiki, the '''Visual editor''', which operates more like your word processing or email program, and the '''Source editor''', which uses a special kind of wiki code. Most users will prefer to use the Visual editor, but for more advance applications or if the Visual editor is "down" (as happens from time to time), the resources below will help you learn how to navigate both.

Look for the "edit" (Visual editor) or "edit source" (Source editor) links at the top of the page (to edit the whole page) and next to each section heading (to edit just that section).

After you've made your changes, scroll down to the 'Show Preview' section, add a comment, preview your changes, then save them.

== Using the visual editor ==

To learn how to use the visual editor, please see Wikipedia's [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide visual editor user guide].

== Using the source code editor ==
The source code editor is a more advanced way of editing MEpedia. See our tricks and tips on how to [[Using the source code editor|get started with the source code editor]].

== Article outlines, templates and includes==

=== Article outlines ===
A list of [[MEpedia article outlines|copy-and-paste outlines]] for new articles depending category.

=== Common templates and includes ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Template name
!Description / Function
!Source editor code
!Installation status
!Visual editor status
|-
|Cleanup needed
|Indicates articles that need cleanup and the reason why.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Cleanup|reason= |date= }}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but could use cleaner visual (e.g., a box/outline around it). See Wikipedia's version and compare to MEpedia.
|Possible fields do not appear. Would be wonderful if there could be a handful of prefab reasons for cleanup that could allow for searching on those reasons (e.g., view all pages with citation issues, all pages requiring editing or reorganization, all pages that are too long, all pages not written in encyclopedic style, etc).
|-
|Stub article
|Indicates a very short article that is a "stub" waiting to be expanded.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{stub}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but compared with Wikipedia's version.
|I don't know if Stub article take fields
|-
|Main
|Links a section of one page to the full article on another.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Main|page}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed, but no formatting. See Wikipedia for example of how formatting should be displayed.
|Possible fields do not appear
|-
|Citation needed
|Indicates facts that require citations.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Citation needed}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but not working properly (may be missing a component).
|
|-
|All pages in a category
|Automatically displays all of the articles within the specified category
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{PagesInCategory|category-name}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Can be spread across columns, see examples.
|No explicit support
|-
|All categories in a category
|Automatically displays all of the sub-categories within the specified category
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{CategoriesInCategory|category-name}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Can be spread across columns, see examples.
|No explicit support
|-
|Mark an article as needing a photo or image adding to it
|Adds it to the category [[:Category:Articles that need an image or photo]]
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{NeedsImage}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|
|No explicit support
|}

==Other ways to contribute==

===Make a suggestion===
Almost everyone working on MEpedia is sick, including bed-bound patients. Although we welcome suggestions please, please if you possibly can, create/edit the page yourself. It is very easy to add a new page or make an improvement – be bold! Together we are stronger as a community. If you REALLY can't edit the page, then you can go to the [[MEpedia suggestions]] page, click Edit, and add your suggestion to the list for someone else to consider implementing in future.

===Implement a suggestion===
If you want to contribute but aren't sure where to start, try looking at the [[MEpedia suggestions]] and consider implementing an improvement suggested by others.

===Create a new article===

To create a new article, simply search for the title of the article you wish to create. If a page does not already exist, you will see an option to create the page. Alternatively if you see a red link to the page, that means it does not yet exist. Just click the red link to create the page.

Once you have a blank editable article open, consider copying-and-pasting an outline into it for that type of article, so you have a set of headings to prompt writing. See [[MEpedia article outlines]]

Remember that articles must use strong citations. For example if you write "ME/CFS can be successfully treated with XYZ", you MUST provide a reference to evidence, ideally a high quality (randomized, placebo-controlled) published study. If there is no evidence, the wording must reflect this, for example "ME/CFS is sometimes treated using XYZ, but currently there is no good evidence for its use".

=== Expand a topic ===

Pages with blue links (as opposed to red) exist already, and can be proof-read, improved and extended. Remember statements need to be supported by the best available evidence or source, for example a published quote by a person, or a paper in a scientific journal.

=== Check our references ===

You can make sure facts are properly cited and references are in correct format.

We aim to serve a general audience, a research audience, and a patient audience. All entries should be cited and make clear to distinguish what has and has not been established by peer-reviewed research findings. Articles should aim to provide both a general overview of a specific topic as well as discuss its implications or applications in ME and CFS.

=== Correct typos ===

You can also copy-edit existing articles for typos and edit for clarity.

=== Clean-up poor pages ===
Some pages are inconsistently formatted, too long, are presented badly, need partially rewriting, or suffer from other problems. Those pages are marked as needing clean-up, and are listed under [[clean up list|all articles needing cleanup]].

===Mark pages as needing cleanup===
If you see a problem with a page, it needs clean-up, and you are not able to resolve it, mark the page as needing cleaning by adding a marker like this including a description of the problem:

''<nowiki>{{Cleanup | reason=the article is full of incorrect capitalization | date=August 2018}}</nowiki>''

For more details see [[Template:Cleanup|Cleanup]].

== Other Resources ==

* [[mw:Help:Editing|Help:Editing]]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings|Configuration settings list]]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki|FAQ]]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources|Localise MediaWiki for your language]]
* [[Power user/editor tips]]
* [[:Category:Fundamental | Categories browser]]

[[Category:MEpedia guidelines]]

MEpedia:How to contribute

2018-08-02T14:05:01Z

Ollie:/* Common templates and includes */ Add NeedsImage

Contribute to MEpedia today! Anyone can create pages, write content, add links/citations, fact-check, or even just fix typos. Everyone has something to offer, whatever your skills & experience, even if you have never edited a wiki (like Wikipedia) before. Get involved and help the patient community identify all of the best and most important resources for our disease and its research, treatment and history.

To get started, read our [[Editorial Guidelines]] and find more information about how to edit MEpedia below. Please make sure to join our contributor community, the MEpedia [http://facebook.com/groups/218347055598647 Facebook Group]. You can also follow MEPedia [https://www.facebook.com/mepedia/ on Facebook], [https://twitter.com/MEencyclopedia Twitter] and subscribe to us on [https://www.reddit.com/r/MEAction Reddit].

Pages that are a [[red link]] have not been created yet and need to be populated – a full list of these pages [[Special:WantedPages|can be found here]]. Pages that have been created ([[Blue link|blue links]]) but need to be expanded are marked as stubs - a full list of all stubs [[:Category:Stubs|can be found here]]. We also have a [[MEpedia Suggestions#priority pages for expansion|list of priority pages for expansion]].

All we ask is that you read the guidelines (see below) before you edit.

Pages that have problems such as incorrect information, formatting issues, or a lack of citations are marked with a cleanup note. A full list of pages requiring cleanup [[:Category:All articles needing cleanup|can be found here]].

Have any questions after reading the below? Email [mailto:mepedia@meaction.net mepedia@meaction.net].

== Getting started ==

=== Create an account ===
Before you start editing, you should [[Special:CreateAccount|create an account]] or [[Special:UserLogin|log in]]. Note, if you are not logged in when you make an edit or contribution to a page, your IP address will appear.

==Rules & Guidelines==

*[[Editorial Guidelines]]
*[[Science Guidelines]]
*[[MEpedia:Manual of Style]]

== Suggested tasks ==

===Five minute tasks===
Only have a five minute spoon to give? Here is a [[List of small tasks|list of small tasks]] you can help us with in roughly one to ten minutes of time.

=== Priority projects ===
Want to dive in deeper? Browse a [[MEpedia suggestions#Suggestions - High Priority|list of larger projects]] and page revisions.
== Roles ==
There are so many different roles contributors can play, at every level of cognitive ability or technical expertise. Every contributor can play one or more roles. All are important and help us grow and improve the project!

'''The Scientist:''' If you have a science background or a passion for science, we definitely need your expertise improving our medical and science pages and ensuring that all content is correct, accurate and cited. (Note: unlike Wikipedia, every fact presented on MEpedia does not need to be replicated or have appeared in a review article. However, the limitations of individual studies and the certainty of findings need to be properly contextualized and qualified. For more, see the [[Science Guidelines]])

'''The Translator:''' While many of the science pages will have highly technical information, useful to medical professionals and researchers, it's our goal that the opening section of every page (which usually comes before the table of contents) can provide a one to two paragraph summary that is accessible to as general audience as possible. As a page matures and contains a lot of information, The Translator can write an opening paragraph if none exists or improve the opening paragraph(s) to make it even more accessible.

''But you don't necessarily need to have a technical background to play any of these roles:''

'''The Historian:''' Help us improve our content on the history of [[Myalgic encephalomyelitis|ME]] and [[Chronic fatigue syndrome|CFS]] (and before it was either of these things, [[Icelandic Disease]] and [[atypical polio]]). Bring to life the [[List of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome outbreaks|outbreaks]] of the past by digging into the newspaper and journal records and creating pages for individual outbreaks.

'''The Biographer:''' We have dozens of pages with biographies of scientists, clinicians, historical figures and activists with ME. These can always be improved and there are many people still missing. (See our categories for [[:Category:Famous people with ME, CFS, and/or FMS|famous people]], [[:Category:Researchers|researchers]], [[:Category:Clinicians|clinicians]], [[:Category:Advocates or allies|advocates]])

'''The Editor:''' As pages grow through the addition of new information, they can often become hard to navigate. Read our more developed pages and see whether they can be improved by breaking up very long sections into sub-sections, improving overall flow, organization and readability, or updating the opening paragraph to better reflect the way the page may have grown and changed.

'''The Link Collector:''' Sometimes you may not have the cognitive capacity or time to take an interesting article and writing it into an existing page. However, you can help simply by collecting links and pasting them on the "Discussion" page of a given article, with perhaps a sentence or two explaining its relevance, so that someone in the future can take that link and incorporate that into the page.

'''The Deep Sea Diver:''' You may not have an expertise in a particular area, but you decide to adopt a page you feel passionate about, and build it from the ground up, reading every reference you can find. It's a long, slow process but can be really gratifying to develop mastery over a specific topic!

'''The Photo Curator:''' Many of our pages could be improved simply through the addition of images and drawings. It's important to make sure you have permission to use the any photos you add , that they are in the public domain, or that they carry a Creative Commons license.

'''The Bridge Builder:''' pick a [[Special:DeadendPages|dead end]] page and create internal links to related MEpedia content within the body of the page or by added pages to the "See also" section. Or, find an [[Special:LonelyPages|orphan page]] and link to it from existing pages.

'''The Expander:''' browse MEpedia's [[Special:ShortPages|shortest pages]] and help us lengthen them.

'''The Proofreader:''' Fix small typos and grammatical errors as you go. Or visit the [[Welcome to MEpedia|front page]] and hit "[[Special:Random|random]]" to be taken to a random article. Or see the list of [[Special:RecentChanges|recently updated pages]]. Read and correct mistakes.

'''The Citation Catcher:''' Many citations are simple links, without the proper article title, journal name, date or author information. Correcting citations are a great way to help us improve this project.

'''The Manual Writer:''' All of our support documentation could always be improved. Help us find ways to better explain the tools and guidelines behind MEpedia and help make them more accessible. To contribute in this way, consider starting a new thread in our [https://www.facebook.com/groups/218347055598647/ Facebook group] and making a suggestion.

'''The Community Organizer:''' Help us grow this project by growing the community around it. Invite friends to join our [https://www.facebook.com/groups/218347055598647/ Facebook group]. Act as a greeter, help folks feel welcome, answer questions as they arise.

'''The Outreacher:''' Help us build links between MEpedia and others. For example posting MEpedia articles to other M.E, community forums and asking for help improving them, sending links to MEpedia articles to scientists (e.g. the page about them) and asking them to update the page and confirm it is complete, asking researchers to read MEpedia pages related to their work and provide feedback on what needs adding, or asking M.E. blog writers to include MEpedia links in their articles so their readers can learn more.

'''The Supporter:''' Help MEpedia by helping, training and supporting its volunteer team. Help everyone learn how to edit pages, to do more advanced editing, and how to more effectively create content. Maybe you're a technologist who finds it easy to learn and teach others about wiki editing, or a technical writer who cannot commit to contribute much but can help others to write.

'''The News Reader:''' Help keep MEpedia fresh by updating its pages based on news you read. For example if you read a new article published by journalist David Tuller, make sure his page has been updated to include the latest article. Or if an announcement is made by the NIH or some other organization, update relevant pages to reflect the news.

See [[How_to_contribute#How_can_I_contribute.3F|even more ways to contribute]].

==A note on ME v. CFS==
We have separate pages for [[Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]], [[ME/CFS]] and [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]] as well as [[SEID]]. The convention is that the terminology used in an ME-pedia article should match the terminology used in the underlying source. Where there is a tension between the term used in the source and the definition (e.g., [[ME]] defined by the [[Oxford criteria]] or [[CFS]] defined by the [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]]), it may be useful for clarity to mention the definition used.

==How do I create a new page?==
Simply type in the title of your new page and hit "create page." You'll want to [[Special:Search|search]] the existing database of pages to make sure that your page or a similar page does not already exist.<inputbox>
type=create
break=no
</inputbox>
You can also browse our list of [[Special:WantedPages|"wanted" pages]] – pages that are linked to from existing pages, but don't yet exist.

==How do I edit existing pages?==

There are two types of editor on this wiki, the '''Visual editor''', which operates more like your word processing or email program, and the '''Source editor''', which uses a special kind of wiki code. Most users will prefer to use the Visual editor, but for more advance applications or if the Visual editor is "down" (as happens from time to time), the resources below will help you learn how to navigate both.

Look for the "edit" (Visual editor) or "edit source" (Source editor) links at the top of the page (to edit the whole page) and next to each section heading (to edit just that section).

After you've made your changes, scroll down to the 'Show Preview' section, add a comment, preview your changes, then save them.

== Using the visual editor ==

To learn how to use the visual editor, please see Wikipedia's [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide visual editor user guide].

== Using the source code editor ==
The source code editor is a more advanced way of editing MEpedia. See our tricks and tips on how to [[Using the source code editor|get started with the source code editor]].

== Article outlines, templates and includes==

=== Article outlines ===
A list of [[MEpedia article outlines|copy-and-paste outlines]] for new articles depending category.

=== Common templates and includes ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Template name
!Description / Function
!Source editor code
!Installation status
!Visual editor status
|-
|Cleanup needed
|Indicates articles that need cleanup and the reason why.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Cleanup|reason= |date= }}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but could use cleaner visual (e.g., a box/outline around it). See Wikipedia's version and compare to MEpedia.
|Possible fields do not appear. Would be wonderful if there could be a handful of prefab reasons for cleanup that could allow for searching on those reasons (e.g., view all pages with citation issues, all pages requiring editing or reorganization, all pages that are too long, all pages not written in encyclopedic style, etc).
|-
|Stub article
|Indicates a very short article that is a "stub" waiting to be expanded.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{stub}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but compared with Wikipedia's version.
|I don't know if Stub article take fields
|-
|Main
|Links a section of one page to the full article on another.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Main|page}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed, but no formatting. See Wikipedia for example of how formatting should be displayed.
|Possible fields do not appear
|-
|Citation needed
|Indicates facts that require citations.
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{Citation needed}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Installed but not working properly (may be missing a component).
|
|-
|All pages in a category
|Automatically displays all of the articles within the specified category
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{PagesInCategory|category-name}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Can be spread across columns, see examples.
|No explicit support
|-
|All categories in a category
|Automatically displays all of the sub-categories within the specified category
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{CategoriesInCategory|category-name}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|Can be spread across columns, see examples.
|No explicit support
|-
|Mark an article as needing a photo or image adding to it
|Adds it to the category [[:Category:Articles that need an image or photo]]
|<syntaxhighlight>
{{NeedsImage}}
</syntaxhighlight>
|
|No explicit support
|}

==Other ways to contribute==

===Make a suggestion===
Almost everyone working on MEpedia is sick, including bed-bound patients. Although we welcome suggestions please, please if you possibly can, create/edit the page yourself. It is very easy to add a new page or make an improvement – be bold! Together we are stronger as a community. If you REALLY can't edit the page, then you can go to the [[MEpedia suggestions]] page, click Edit, and add your suggestion to the list for someone else to consider implementing in future.

===Implement a suggestion===
If you want to contribute but aren't sure where to start, try looking at the [[MEpedia suggestions]] and consider implementing an improvement suggested by others.

===Create a new article===

To create a new article, simply search for the title of the article you wish to create. If a page does not already exist, you will see an option to create the page. Alternatively if you see a red link to the page, that means it does not yet exist. Just click the red link to create the page.

Once you have a blank editable article open, consider copying-and-pasting an outline into it for that type of article, so you have a set of headings to prompt writing. See [[MEpedia article outlines]]

Remember that articles must use strong citations. For example if you write "ME/CFS can be successfully treated with XYZ", you MUST provide a reference to evidence, ideally a high quality (randomized, placebo-controlled) published study. If there is no evidence, the wording must reflect this, for example "ME/CFS is sometimes treated using XYZ, but currently there is no good evidence for its use".

=== Expand a topic ===

Pages with blue links (as opposed to red) exist already, and can be proof-read, improved and extended. Remember statements need to be supported by the best available evidence or source, for example a published quote by a person, or a paper in a scientific journal.

=== Check our references ===

You can make sure facts are properly cited and references are in correct format.

We aim to serve a general audience, a research audience, and a patient audience. All entries should be cited and make clear to distinguish what has and has not been established by peer-reviewed research findings. Articles should aim to provide both a general overview of a specific topic as well as discuss its implications or applications in ME and CFS.

=== Correct typos ===

You can also copy-edit existing articles for typos and edit for clarity.

=== Clean-up poor pages ===
Some pages are inconsistently formatted, too long, are presented badly, need partially rewriting, or suffer from other problems. Those pages are marked as needing clean-up, and are listed under [[clean up list|all articles needing cleanup]].

===Mark pages as needing cleanup===
If you see a problem with a page, it needs clean-up, and you are not able to resolve it, mark the page as needing cleaning by adding a marker like this including a description of the problem:

''<nowiki>{{Cleanup | reason=the article is full of incorrect capitalization | date=August 2018}}</nowiki>''

For more details see [[Template:Cleanup|Cleanup]].

== Other Resources ==

* [[mw:Help:Editing|Help:Editing]]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings|Configuration settings list]]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki|FAQ]]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources|Localise MediaWiki for your language]]
* [[Power user/editor tips]]
* [[:Category:Fundamental | Categories browser]]

[[Category:MEpedia guidelines]]

Template:NeedsImage

2018-08-02T14:01:26Z

Ollie:Rename category

[[Category:Articles that need an image or photo]]

Category:Articles that need an image or photo

2018-08-02T14:00:52Z

Ollie:Ollie moved page Category:ArticlesThatNeedAnImage to Category:Articles that need an image or photo without leaving a redirect

This category lists articles that need a photo/image adding to them. Images and photos make articles more visually appealing, and easier to comprehend.

Orvalene Prewitt

2018-08-02T14:00:12Z

Ollie:Move template

{{NeedsImage}}

'''Orvalene Prewitt''' co-founded the National CFS Association in 1989 with Janet Bohanon.<ref>Vanderzalm, Lynn and Bell, David S. (1995). ''Finding Strength in Weakness: Help and Hope for Families Battling Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.'' Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House, p 103.</ref>

In 1990, she co-founded the organization now called the [[International Association for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]] (IACFS/ME) with Dr. [[Dharam Ablashi | Dharam V. Ablashi]].<ref>http://iacfsme.org/Organization/History-of-the-IACFS-ME.aspx</ref>

==Awards==
*2003, Special Service Award awarded by [[International Association for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]] ([[IACFS/ME]])<ref>http://iacfsme.org/Organization/Former-IACFS-ME-Awardees.aspx</ref>

==References==
<references>

</references>
[[Category:Advocates or allies]]
[[Category:American advocates or allies]]

Category:Articles that need an image or photo

2018-08-02T13:59:22Z

Ollie:Add description

This category lists articles that need a photo/image adding to them. Images and photos make articles more visually appealing, and easier to comprehend.

Template:NeedsImage

2018-08-02T13:58:03Z

Ollie:Rename category

[[Category:ArticlesThatNeedAnImage]]

Orvalene Prewitt

2018-08-02T13:57:12Z

Ollie:Switch to template

'''Orvalene Prewitt''' co-founded the National CFS Association in 1989 with Janet Bohanon.<ref>Vanderzalm, Lynn and Bell, David S. (1995). ''Finding Strength in Weakness: Help and Hope for Families Battling Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.'' Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House, p 103.</ref>

In 1990, she co-founded the organization now called the [[International Association for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]] (IACFS/ME) with Dr. [[Dharam Ablashi | Dharam V. Ablashi]].<ref>http://iacfsme.org/Organization/History-of-the-IACFS-ME.aspx</ref>

==Awards==
*2003, Special Service Award awarded by [[International Association for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]] ([[IACFS/ME]])<ref>http://iacfsme.org/Organization/Former-IACFS-ME-Awardees.aspx</ref>

==References==
<references>

</references>
[[Category:Advocates or allies]]
[[Category:American advocates or allies]]
{{NeedsImage}}