MEpedia - User contributions [en]

Arginine

2021-11-11T03:50:44Z

BethRogers:

'''Arginine''' or '''L-arginine''' is a complex, nitrogen-rich [[amino acid]] that is available as a nutritional supplement.<ref name="pubchem">{{Cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine|title=Arginine|last=PubChem|website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|language=en|access-date=2021-03-05}}</ref><ref name="vanderPollch">{{Cite book|title=Guide to Nutritional Supplements|pages=2-5|isbn=978-0-12-375661-9|edition=|volume=|language=en|title-link=|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_VjxiHvdlOQC&newbks=0&lpg=PA4&pg=PA4#v=snippet&f=true|access-date=|date=2009-09-02|publisher=Academic Press|last=van der Poll|first=MCG|author-link=|last2=Luiking|first2=YC|author-link2=|last3=Dejong|first3=CHC|author-link3=|last4=Soeters|first4=PB|author-link4=|veditors=|others=|doi=|oclc=|quote=|archive-url=|archive-date=|location=Oxford, UK|editor-last=Caballero|editor-first=Benjamin|editor1-link=|editor-last2=|editor-first2=|chapter=Amino Acids}}</ref>

==Purpose==
Arginine is one of the 22 amino acids used by human cells to make proteins. Arginine also plays a role in many critical metabolic pathways. It is a precursor for nitric oxide (NO) when catalyzed by [[nitric oxide synthase]] (NOS) enzyme.<ref name="pubchem" /><ref name="vanderPollch" /> It is also a precursor to other amino acids and amino-acid derivitives including proline, citrulline, ornithine, [[creatine]], and agmatine. It also plays an essential role in the urea cycle, which removes nitrogen-containing waste from the body.<ref name="vanderPollch" /><ref name=":0" /> Thus, arginine has a role in many different bodily systems including protein metabolism, vasodilation, modulating the immune system, neurotransmission, ammonia detoxification, cell signaling and [[muscle]]s.<ref name="vanderPollch" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Morris|first=Sydney M.|author-link=|last2=|first2=|author-link2=|last3=|author-link3=|last4=|first4=|author-link4=|last5=|first5=|author-link5=|last6=|first6=|author-link6=|last7=|first7=|last8=|first8=|date=2016|title=Arginine Metabolism Revisited|url=https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/12/2579S/4589950|journal=The Journal of Nutrition|volume=146|issue=12|pages=2579S-2586S|doi=10.3945/jn.115.226621|pmc=|pmid=27934648|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>

==Sources==
The human body synthesizes arginine from the amino acid citrulline.<ref name="vanderPollch" />

==Evidence ==
Arginine may help reduce [[fatigue]], and may help prevent or treat heart or [[circulatory system|circulatory diseases]].<ref name="pubchem" />

==ME/CFS==

==Costs and availability ==
Available over the counter.

==Risks and safety ==
In a review summarizing current data on safety, pharmacokinetics, and effectiveness of oral arginine in adults, the authors concluded that, "Collectively, the data suggest that Arg supplementation is a safe and generally well-tolerated nutriceutical that may improve metabolic profiles in humans", (dosages and exceptions noted in report).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McNeal|first=Catherine J|author-link=|last2=Meininger|first2=Cynthia J|author-link2=|last3=Reddy|first3=Deepika|author-link3=|last4=Wilborn|first4=Colin D|author-link4=|last5=Wu|first5=Guoyao|author-link5=|last6=|first6=|author-link6=|last7=|first7=|last8=|first8=|date=December 2016|title=Safety and Effectiveness of Arginine in Adults|url=https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/12/2587S/4589981|journal=The Journal of Nutrition|volume=146|issue=12|pages=2587S-2593S|doi=https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.234740|pmc=|pmid=27934649|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>

==Learn more ==
*[https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine Arginine] - PubChem
*[https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/12/2579S/4589950 Arginine metabolism] - Journal of Nutrition

==See also ==
*[[Methionine]]
*[[Oxidative and nitrosative pathway]] (O&NS)
*[[Nitric oxide hypothesis]]

==References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Amino acids]]
[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Supplements]]
[[Category:Immunomodulators]]
[[Category:Vasodilators]]

Arginine

2021-11-11T03:48:16Z

BethRogers:Added citations

'''Arginine''' or '''L-arginine''' is a complex, nitrogen-rich [[amino acid]] that is available as a nutritional supplement.<ref name="pubchem">{{Cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine|title=Arginine|last=PubChem|website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|language=en|access-date=2021-03-05}}</ref><ref name="vanderPollch">{{Cite book|title=Guide to Nutritional Supplements|pages=2-5|isbn=978-0-12-375661-9|edition=|volume=|language=en|title-link=|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_VjxiHvdlOQC&newbks=0&lpg=PA4&pg=PA4#v=snippet&f=true|access-date=|date=2009-09-02|publisher=Academic Press|last=van der Poll|first=MCG|author-link=|last2=Luiking|first2=YC|author-link2=|last3=Dejong|first3=CHC|author-link3=|last4=Soeters|first4=PB|author-link4=|veditors=|others=|doi=|oclc=|quote=|archive-url=|archive-date=|location=Oxford, UK|editor-last=Caballero|editor-first=Benjamin|editor1-link=|editor-last2=|editor-first2=|chapter=Amino Acids}}</ref>

==Purpose==
Arginine is one of the 22 amino acids used by human cells to make proteins. Arginine also plays a role in many critical metabolic pathways. It is a precursor for nitric oxide (NO) when catalyzed by [[nitric oxide synthase]] (NOS) enzyme.<ref name="pubchem" /><ref name="vanderPollch" /> It is also a precursor to other amino acids and amino-acid derivitives including proline, citrulline, ornithine, [[creatine]], and agmatine. It also plays an essential role in the urea cycle, which removes nitrogen-containing waste from the body .<ref name="vanderPollch" /><ref name=":0" /> Thus, arginine has a role in many different bodily systems including protein metabolism, vasodilation, modulating the immune system, neurotransmission, ammonia detoxification, cell signaling and [[muscle]]s.<ref name="vanderPollch" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Morris|first=Sydney M.|author-link=|last2=|first2=|author-link2=|last3=|author-link3=|last4=|first4=|author-link4=|last5=|first5=|author-link5=|last6=|first6=|author-link6=|last7=|first7=|last8=|first8=|date=2016|title=Arginine Metabolism Revisited|url=https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/12/2579S/4589950|journal=The Journal of Nutrition|volume=146|issue=12|pages=2579S-2586S|doi=10.3945/jn.115.226621|pmc=|pmid=27934648|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>

==Sources==
The human body synthesizes arginine from the amino acid citrulline.<ref name="vanderPollch" />

==Evidence ==
Arginine may help reduce [[fatigue]], and may help prevent or treat heart or [[circulatory system|circulatory diseases]].<ref name="pubchem" />

==ME/CFS==

==Costs and availability ==
Available over the counter.

==Risks and safety ==
In a review summarizing current data on safety, pharmacokinetics, and effectiveness of oral arginine in adults, the authors concluded that, "Collectively, the data suggest that Arg supplementation is a safe and generally well-tolerated nutriceutical that may improve metabolic profiles in humans", (dosages and exceptions noted in report).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McNeal|first=Catherine J|author-link=|last2=Meininger|first2=Cynthia J|author-link2=|last3=Reddy|first3=Deepika|author-link3=|last4=Wilborn|first4=Colin D|author-link4=|last5=Wu|first5=Guoyao|author-link5=|last6=|first6=|author-link6=|last7=|first7=|last8=|first8=|date=December 2016|title=Safety and Effectiveness of Arginine in Adults|url=https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/12/2587S/4589981|journal=The Journal of Nutrition|volume=146|issue=12|pages=2587S-2593S|doi=https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.234740|pmc=|pmid=27934649|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>

==Learn more ==
*[https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine Arginine] - PubChem
*[https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/12/2579S/4589950 Arginine metabolism] - Journal of Nutrition

==See also ==
*[[Methionine]]
*[[Oxidative and nitrosative pathway]] (O&NS)
*[[Nitric oxide hypothesis]]

==References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Amino acids]]
[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Supplements]]
[[Category:Immunomodulators]]
[[Category:Vasodilators]]

Arginine

2021-11-11T03:33:56Z

BethRogers:Added reference to safety data.

'''Arginine''' or '''L-arginine''' is a complex, nitrogen-rich [[amino acid]] that is available as a nutritional supplement.<ref name="pubchem">{{Cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine|title=Arginine|last=PubChem|website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|language=en|access-date=2021-03-05}}</ref><ref name="vanderPollch">{{Cite book|title=Guide to Nutritional Supplements|pages=2-5|isbn=978-0-12-375661-9|edition=|volume=|language=en|title-link=|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_VjxiHvdlOQC&newbks=0&lpg=PA4&pg=PA4#v=snippet&f=true|access-date=|date=2009-09-02|publisher=Academic Press|last=van der Poll|first=MCG|author-link=|last2=Luiking|first2=YC|author-link2=|last3=Dejong|first3=CHC|author-link3=|last4=Soeters|first4=PB|author-link4=|veditors=|others=|doi=|oclc=|quote=|archive-url=|archive-date=|location=Oxford, UK|editor-last=Caballero|editor-first=Benjamin|editor1-link=|editor-last2=|editor-first2=|chapter=Amino Acids}}</ref>

==Purpose==
Arginine is one of the 22 amino acids used by human cells to make proteins. Arginine also plays a role in many critical metabolic pathways. It is a precursor for nitric oxide (NO) when catalyzed by [[nitric oxide synthase]] (NOS) enzyme.<ref name="pubchem" /><ref name="vanderPollch" /> It is also a precursor to other amino acids and amino-acid derivitives including proline, citrulline, ornithine, [[creatine]], and agmatine. It also plays an essential role in the urea cycle, which removes nitrogen-containing waste from the body .<ref name="vanderPollch" /><ref name=":0" /> Thus, arginine has a role in many different bodily systems including protein metabolism, vasodilation, modulating the immune system, neurotransmission, ammonia detoxification, cell signaling and [[muscle]]s.<ref name="vanderPollch" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Morris|first=Sydney M.|author-link=|last2=|first2=|author-link2=|last3=|author-link3=|last4=|first4=|author-link4=|last5=|first5=|author-link5=|last6=|first6=|author-link6=|last7=|first7=|last8=|first8=|date=2016|title=Arginine Metabolism Revisited|url=https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/12/2579S/4589950|journal=The Journal of Nutrition|volume=146|issue=12|pages=2579S-2586S|doi=10.3945/jn.115.226621|pmc=|pmid=27934648|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>

==Sources==
The human body synthesizes arginine from the amino acid citrulline.<ref name="vanderPollch" />

==Evidence ==
Arginine may help reduce [[fatigue]], and may help prevent or treat heart or [[circulatory system|circulatory diseases]].<ref name="pubchem" />

==ME/CFS==

==Costs and availability ==
Available over the counter.

==Risks and safety ==
In a review summarizing current data on safety, pharmacokinetics, and effectiveness of oral arginine in adults, the authors concluded that, "Collectively, the data suggest that Arg supplementation is a safe and generally well-tolerated nutriceutical that may improve metabolic profiles in humans." (See dosages and exceptions noted in report).

==Learn more ==
*[https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine Arginine] - PubChem

==See also ==
*[[Methionine]]
*[[Oxidative and nitrosative pathway]] (O&NS)
*[[Nitric oxide hypothesis]]

==References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Amino acids]]
[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Supplements]]
[[Category:Immunomodulators]]
[[Category:Vasodilators]]

Arginine

2021-11-11T03:15:22Z

BethRogers:/* Purpose */

'''Arginine''' or '''L-arginine''' is a complex, nitrogen-rich [[amino acid]] that is available as a nutritional supplement.<ref name="pubchem">{{Cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine|title=Arginine|last=PubChem|website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|language=en|access-date=2021-03-05}}</ref><ref name="vanderPollch">{{Cite book|title=Guide to Nutritional Supplements|pages=2-5|isbn=978-0-12-375661-9|edition=|volume=|language=en|title-link=|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_VjxiHvdlOQC&newbks=0&lpg=PA4&pg=PA4#v=snippet&f=true|access-date=|date=2009-09-02|publisher=Academic Press|last=van der Poll|first=MCG|author-link=|last2=Luiking|first2=YC|author-link2=|last3=Dejong|first3=CHC|author-link3=|last4=Soeters|first4=PB|author-link4=|veditors=|others=|doi=|oclc=|quote=|archive-url=|archive-date=|location=Oxford, UK|editor-last=Caballero|editor-first=Benjamin|editor1-link=|editor-last2=|editor-first2=|chapter=Amino Acids}}</ref>

==Purpose==
Arginine is one of the 22 amino acids used by human cells to make proteins. Arginine also plays a role in many critical metabolic pathways. It is a precursor for nitric oxide (NO) when catalyzed by [[nitric oxide synthase]] (NOS) enzyme.<ref name="pubchem" /><ref name="vanderPollch" /> It is also a precursor to other amino acids and amino-acid derivitives including proline, citrulline, ornithine, [[creatine]], and agmatine. It also plays an essential role in the urea cycle, which removes nitrogen-containing waste from the body .<ref name="vanderPollch" /><ref name=":0" /> Thus, arginine has a role in many different bodily systems including protein metabolism, vasodilation, modulating the immune system, neurotransmission, ammonia detoxification, cell signaling and [[muscle]]s.<ref name="vanderPollch" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Morris|first=Sydney M.|author-link=|last2=|first2=|author-link2=|last3=|author-link3=|last4=|first4=|author-link4=|last5=|first5=|author-link5=|last6=|first6=|author-link6=|last7=|first7=|last8=|first8=|date=2016|title=Arginine Metabolism Revisited|url=https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/12/2579S/4589950|journal=The Journal of Nutrition|volume=146|issue=12|pages=2579S-2586S|doi=10.3945/jn.115.226621|pmc=|pmid=27934648|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>

==Sources==
The human body synthesizes arginine from the amino acid citrulline.<ref name="vanderPollch" />

==Evidence ==
Arginine may help reduce [[fatigue]], and may help prevent or treat heart or [[circulatory system|circulatory diseases]].<ref name="pubchem" />

==ME/CFS==

==Costs and availability ==
Available over the counter.

==Risks and safety ==

==Learn more ==
*[https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine Arginine] - PubChem

==See also ==
*[[Methionine]]
*[[Oxidative and nitrosative pathway]] (O&NS)
*[[Nitric oxide hypothesis]]

==References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Amino acids]]
[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Supplements]]
[[Category:Immunomodulators]]
[[Category:Vasodilators]]

Arginine

2021-11-11T03:11:25Z

BethRogers:Added citation

'''Arginine''' or '''L-arginine''' is a complex, nitrogen-rich [[amino acid]] that is available as a nutritional supplement.<ref name="pubchem">{{Cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine|title=Arginine|last=PubChem|website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|language=en|access-date=2021-03-05}}</ref><ref name="vanderPollch">{{Cite book|title=Guide to Nutritional Supplements|pages=2-5|isbn=978-0-12-375661-9|edition=|volume=|language=en|title-link=|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_VjxiHvdlOQC&newbks=0&lpg=PA4&pg=PA4#v=snippet&f=true|access-date=|date=2009-09-02|publisher=Academic Press|last=van der Poll|first=MCG|author-link=|last2=Luiking|first2=YC|author-link2=|last3=Dejong|first3=CHC|author-link3=|last4=Soeters|first4=PB|author-link4=|veditors=|others=|doi=|oclc=|quote=|archive-url=|archive-date=|location=Oxford, UK|editor-last=Caballero|editor-first=Benjamin|editor1-link=|editor-last2=|editor-first2=|chapter=Amino Acids}}</ref>

==Purpose==
Arginine is one of the 22 amino acids used by human cells to make proteins. Arginine also plays a role in many critical metabolic pathways. It is a precursor for nitric oxide (NO) when catalyzed by [[nitric oxide synthase]] (NOS) enzyme.<ref name="pubchem" /><ref name="vanderPollch" /> It is also a precursor to other amino acids and amino-acid derivitives including proline, citrulline, ornithine, [[creatine]], and agmatine. It also plays an essential role in the urea cycle, which removes nitrogen-containing waste from the body .<ref name="vanderPollch" /> Thus, arginine has a role in many different bodily systems including protein metabolism, vasodilation, modulating the immune system, neurotransmission, ammonia detoxification, cell signaling and [[muscle]]s.<ref name="vanderPollch" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Morris|first=Sydney M.|author-link=|last2=|first2=|author-link2=|last3=|author-link3=|last4=|first4=|author-link4=|last5=|first5=|author-link5=|last6=|first6=|author-link6=|last7=|first7=|last8=|first8=|date=2016|title=Arginine Metabolism Revisited|url=https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/12/2579S/4589950|journal=The Journal of Nutrition|volume=146|issue=12|pages=2579S-2586S|doi=10.3945/jn.115.226621|pmc=|pmid=27934648|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>

==Sources==
The human body synthesizes arginine from the amino acid citrulline.<ref name="vanderPollch" />

==Evidence ==
Arginine may help reduce [[fatigue]], and may help prevent or treat heart or [[circulatory system|circulatory diseases]].<ref name="pubchem" />

==ME/CFS==

==Costs and availability ==
Available over the counter.

==Risks and safety ==

==Learn more ==
*[https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine Arginine] - PubChem

==See also ==
*[[Methionine]]
*[[Oxidative and nitrosative pathway]] (O&NS)
*[[Nitric oxide hypothesis]]

==References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Amino acids]]
[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Supplements]]
[[Category:Immunomodulators]]
[[Category:Vasodilators]]

Arginine

2021-11-11T02:24:29Z

BethRogers:Added details on arginine biochemical pathways.

Arginine

2021-11-11T01:46:08Z

BethRogers:/* Purpose */ correction: "nitric acid" to "nitric oxide"

'''Arginine''' or '''L-arginine''' is a complex, nitrogen-rich [[amino acid]] that is available as a natural supplement.<ref name="pubchem">{{Cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine|title=Arginine|last=PubChem|website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|language=en|access-date=2021-03-05}}</ref><ref name="vanderPollch">{{Cite book|title=Guide to Nutritional Supplements|pages=2-5|isbn=978-0-12-375661-9|edition=|volume=|language=en|title-link=|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_VjxiHvdlOQC&newbks=0&lpg=PA4&pg=PA4#v=snippet&f=true|access-date=|date=2009-09-02|publisher=Academic Press|last=van der Poll|first=MCG|author-link=|last2=Luiking|first2=YC|author-link2=|last3=Dejong|first3=CHC|author-link3=|last4=Soeters|first4=PB|author-link4=|veditors=|others=|doi=|oclc=|quote=|archive-url=|archive-date=|location=Oxford, UK|editor-last=Caballero|editor-first=Benjamin|editor1-link=|editor-last2=|editor-first2=|chapter=Amino Acids}}</ref>

==Purpose==
Arginine is a precursor for nitric oxide (NO) and is catalyzed by [[nitric oxide synthase]] (NOS) enzyme.<ref name="pubchem" /><ref name="vanderPollch" /> Arginine is also a precursor to agmatine and [[creatine]], and a precursor in the urea cycle.<ref name="vanderPollch" /> This means arginine has a role in many different bodily systems including vasodilation, modulating the immune system, neurotransmission, ammonia detoxification, cell signaling and [[muscle]]s.<ref name="vanderPollch" />

==Sources==
The human body synthesizes arginine from the admino acid citrulline.<ref name="vanderPollch" />

==Evidence ==
Arginine may help reduce [[fatigue]], and may help prevent or treat heart or [[circulatory system|circulatory diseases]].<ref name="pubchem" />

==ME/CFS==

==Costs and availability ==
Available over the counter.

==Risks and safety ==

==Learn more ==
*[https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Arginine Arginine] - PubChem

==See also ==
*[[Methionine]]
*[[Oxidative and nitrosative pathway]] (O&NS)
*[[Nitric oxide hypothesis]]

==References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Amino acids]]
[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Supplements]]
[[Category:Immunomodulators]]
[[Category:Vasodilators]]

Coronavirus

2021-11-11T00:09:43Z

BethRogers:Removed reference to coronavirus causing the flu (influenza virus causes flu, not coronavirus).

{{Disambiguation}}

*[[COVID-19]] - Coronavirus disease 19 - the illness associated with the 2019-2020 coronavirus pandemic
*[[Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2|SARS-CoV-2]] - the virus that causes COVID-19 illness
*[[Long COVID]] - group of symptoms lasting many weeks or months after a COVID-19 active infection has resolved
*[[Post-COVID-19 illness]] - range of symptoms and illnesses resulting from COVID-19 infection, complications, ventilation, ARDS, etc

*[[Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus|SARS-CoV]] -virus that causes SARS
*[[Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome|SARS]] - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus illness

*'''[[:Category:Coronaviruses|Coronaviruses (category)]]'''

Talk:Coronavirus

2021-11-10T23:54:53Z

BethRogers:/* -- ~~~~ -- ~~~~ */ new section

== -- [[User:BethRogers|BethRogers]] ([[User talk:BethRogers|talk]]) 23:54, November 10, 2021 (UTC) -- [[User:BethRogers|BethRogers]] ([[User talk:BethRogers|talk]]) 23:54, November 10, 2021 (UTC) ==

Re: the list item "Influenza - Flu strains caused by different coronaviruses." Influenza is not caused by a coronavirus. It's caused by the influenza virus. I assume the author got this confused with coronaviruses that can cause the common cold (not the flu). With this in mind, I deleted mention of influenza to avoid confusion, particularly in light of the "just the flu" misrepresentation by COVID deniers. If anyone wants to add influenza back, please keep in mind that influenza viruses are completely different from coronaviruses. Thank you.

Slowed thought

2021-11-10T23:34:57Z

BethRogers:Redirected page to Cognitive dysfunction

#REDIRECT [[Cognitive dysfunction]]{{Stub}}

[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]