MEpedia - User contributions [en]

Oxaloacetate

2026-02-28T03:42:03Z

Aryore:/* Notable studies */ expanded this with recent studies

{{stub}}
'''Oxaloacetate''' or '''oxaloacetic acid''' '''(OAA)''' or '''Anhydrous Enol-Oxaloacetate''' or '''(AEO)''' is a nutritional supplement which has received attention as a treatment for [[chronic fatigue]] and mental fatigue in [[ME/CFS]] and [[Long COVID]].

==Theory==
Oxaloacetate is part of the [[Citric acid cycle]] and is formed from pyruvate. It is crucial in replenishing the citric acid cycle by acting as an acceptor for [[Acetyl coenzyme A]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Regulation of pyruvate metabolism and human disease|date=Dec 21, 2013|url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4059968/|journal=Cell Mol Life Sci|volume=71|issue=14|pages=2577 - 2604|last=Rabinowitz|first=Joshua|last2=Tompkins|first2=Sean|last3=Taylor|first3=Eric|doi=10.1007/s00018-013-1539-2|pmc=4059968|pmid=24363178}}</ref> Additional oxaloacetate may provide [[Mitochondrion|mitochondria]]<nowiki/>l support in ME/CFS.{{citation needed| date = 2022}}

==Evidence==
Cash et al. (2022)<ref name="Cash2022" /> reported that "76 ME/CFS patients (73.7% women, median age of 47) showed an average reduction in fatigue at 6 weeks as measured by the "'[[chalder fatigue syndrome|Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire]]' of 22.5% to 27.9% from baseline (P < 0.005) (Likert scoring). Both physical and mental fatigue were significantly improved over baseline and historical placebo. Fatigue amelioration in ME/CFS patients increased in a dose dependent manner from 21.7% for 500 mg BID to 27.6% for 1000 mg Oxaloacetate BID to 33.3% for 1000 mg TID. Long COVID patients’ fatigue was significantly reduced by up to 46.8% in 6-weeks."

Cash et al. (2024)<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title=RESTORE ME: a RCT of oxaloacetate for improving fatigue in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome|date=2024-11-27|url=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2024.1483876/full|journal=Frontiers in Neurology|volume=15|last=Alan|first=Cash,|last2=D.|first2=Vernon, Suzanne|last3=Candace|first3=Rond,|last4=Lucinda|first4=Bateman,|last5=Saeed|first5=Abbaszadeh,|last6=Jennifer|first6=Bell,|last7=Brayden|first7=Yellman,|last8=L.|first8=Kaufman, David|language=English|doi=10.3389/fneur.2024.1483876/full|issn=1664-2295}}</ref> reported that "Oxaloacetate significantly reduced fatigue by more than 25% from baseline, while the control group showed a non-significant reduction of approximately 10%. Intergroup analysis showed a significant decrease in fatigue levels in the oxaloacetate group (''p'' = 0.0039) with no notable change in the control group. A greater proportion of subjects in the oxaloacetate group achieved a reduction in fatigue greater than 25% compared to the control group (''p'' < 0.05). Additionally, 40.5% of the oxaloacetate group were classified as “enhanced responders,” with an average fatigue reduction of 63%. Both physical and mental fatigue improved with oxaloacetate supplementation."

Vernon et al. (2025) reported that "The oxaloacetate (OAA) group showed greater cognitive improvement over time, with a significant between-group difference at Visit 3, 60 days into the trial, (''p'' = 0.034) and trends at other visits. Higher fatigue was significantly associated with reduced cognitive gains in the OAA group (''β'' = −0.34, ''p'' < 0.0001), but not in controls. UP Time increased modestly in the OAA group, reaching significance at Visit 2, day 30 (''p'' = 0.044), though fatigue was not a strong predictor of UP Time in either group. At Visit 4, day 90, Global and Fatigue Only Responders were more frequent in the OAA group, while Cognitive Only Responders were more frequent in controls, though group differences did not reach statistical significance (''p'' = 0.10)."

It is important to note that all three of these studies have significant conflicts of interest<ref name="Cash2022" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|title=Relationships between fatigue, cognitive function, and upright activity in a randomized trial of oxaloacetate for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome|date=2025-10-08|url=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1691147/full|journal=Frontiers in Neurology|volume=16|last=D.|first=Vernon, Suzanne|last2=Candace|first2=Rond,|last3=Yifei|first3=Sun,|last4=Shad|first4=Roundy,|last5=Jennifer|first5=Bell,|last6=Bella|first6=Rond,|last7=L.|first7=Kaufman, David|last8=B.|first8=Cash, Alan|last9=Brayden|first9=Yellman,|last10=Lucinda|first10=Bateman,|language=English|doi=10.3389/fneur.2025.1691147/full|issn=1664-2295}}</ref>, being conducted primarily by the owner and employees of Terra Biological, the sole global producer of oxaloacetate<ref name=":2" />. At least one of these studies is currently under investigation for major methodological and reporting accuracy concerns<ref name="Cash2022" />.

==Clinicians==

==Risks and safety==
==Costs and availability==
Oxaloacetate is currently available solely from the US company Terra Biological in the products Oxaloacetate CFS, benaGene, and Jubilance<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://terrabiological.com/|title=Terra Biological LLC – Pharmacological Development|website=terrabiological.com|access-date=2026-02-28}}</ref>. The sale of oxaloacetate by Terra Biological is controversial due to its high price (US$500 for Oxaloacetate CFS, 90 Capsules, 500mg)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oxaloacetatecfs.com/products/oxaloacetate-cfs-90-count-bottle|title=Oxaloacetate CFS – 90 Capsules, 500mg|website=oxaloacetatecfs.com|access-date=2026-02-28}}</ref> and the company's history of violating FDA regulations around the sale of new drugs and "medical foods"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/terra-biological-llc-520430-07182017|title=WARNING LETTER: Terra Biological LLC MARCS-CMS 520430|last=Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition|date=July 18, 2017|website=U.S. Food and Drug Administration|access-date=Feburary 28, 2026}}</ref>

==Notable studies ==
* 2025, Relationships between fatigue, cognitive function, and upright activity in a randomized trial of oxaloacetate for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome<ref name=":1" />
* 2024, RESTORE ME: a RCT of oxaloacetate for improving fatigue in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome<ref name=":0" />
* 2022, Oxaloacetate Treatment For Mental And Physical Fatigue In Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long-COVID fatigue patients: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial<ref name="Cash2022">{{Cite journal| title = Oxaloacetate Treatment For Mental And Physical Fatigue In Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long-COVID fatigue patients: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial| date = 2022-06-28|url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3|journal=Journal of Translational Medicine|volume=20|issue=1|pages=295 | last = Cash | first = Alan | authorlink = | last2 = Kaufman | first2 = David Lyons | authorlink2 = David Kaufman|doi=10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3|pmc=PMC9238249|pmid=35764955|access-date=|issn=1479-5876|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3 (Full text)]

==See also==

==Learn more==


==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Alternative medicine‎]]
[[Category:Medicinal foods‎]]
[[Category:Supplements‎]]

Oxaloacetate

2026-02-28T03:30:12Z

Aryore:

{{stub}}
'''Oxaloacetate''' or '''oxaloacetic acid''' '''(OAA)''' or '''Anhydrous Enol-Oxaloacetate''' or '''(AEO)''', also available under the brand name '''Jubilance''', is nutritional supplement currently under investigation as a treatment for [[chronic fatigue]] and mental fatigue in [[ME/CFS]]<ref name="NCT05273372">{{Cite web| title = A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial to Determine the Effects of Oxaloacetate on Improving Fatigue in ME/CFS| date = 2022-02-28|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05273372 | website = ClinicalTrials.gov | last = Terra Biological LLC | first = | authorlink = | last2 = Bateman Horne Center | first2 = | authorlink2 = Bateman Horne Center|access-date=Aug 29, 2022|quote=|via=}}</ref> and [[Long COVID]].<ref name="NCT04592354">{{Cite web| title = Anhydrous Enol-Oxaloacetate (AEO) on Improving Fatigue in Post-COVID-19 Survivors| date = 2020-10-16 | website = clinicaltrials.gov|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04592354 | last = Terra Biological LLC}}</ref> The Jubilance brand has limited evidence that it "may help alleviate the mild to moderate psychological and/or behavioral symptoms associated with [[Premenstrual syndrome|Premenstrual Syndrome]] (PMS)".<ref name="TullyPMS2021">{{Cite journal| title = Oxaloacetate reduces emotional symptoms in premenstrual syndrome (PMS): results of a placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial| date = Mar 2020|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073356/|journal=Obstetrics & Gynecology Science|volume=63|issue=2|pages=195–204 | last = Tully | first = Lisa | authorlink = | last2 = Humiston | first2 = John | author-link2 = | last3 = Cash | first3 = Alan | authorlink3 = |doi=10.5468/ogs.2020.63.2.195|pmc=7073356|pmid=32206660|access-date=|issn=2287-8572|quote=|via=}}</ref>

==Theory==
Oxaloacetate is part of the [[Citric acid cycle]] and is formed from pyruvate. It is crucial in replenishing the citric acid cycle by acting as an acceptor for [[Acetyl coenzyme A]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Regulation of pyruvate metabolism and human disease|date=Dec 21, 2013|url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4059968/|journal=Cell Mol Life Sci|volume=71|issue=14|pages=2577 - 2604|last=Rabinowitz|first=Joshua|last2=Tompkins|first2=Sean|last3=Taylor|first3=Eric|doi=10.1007/s00018-013-1539-2|pmc=4059968|pmid=24363178}}</ref> Additional oxaloacetate may provide [[Mitochondrion|mitochondria]]<nowiki/>l support in ME/CFS.{{citation needed| date = 2022}}

==Evidence==
In 2022, Cash et al. (2022) reported:
:"Anhydrous Enol-Oxaloacetate, (AEO) a nutritional supplement, has been anecdotally reported to relieve physical and mental fatigue and is dimished in ME/CFS patients. Here, we examine the use of higher dosage AEO as a medical food to relieve pathological fatigue."

"76 ME/CFS patients (73.7% women, median age of 47) showed an average reduction in fatigue at 6 weeks as measured by the "[[chalder fatigue syndrome|Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire]]" of 22.5% to 27.9% from baseline (P < 0.005) (Likert scoring).

==Clinicians==

==Risks and safety==
==Costs and availability==
Oxaloacetate is currently available solely from the US company Terra Biological in the products Oxaloacetate CFS, benaGene, and Jubilance<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://terrabiological.com/|title=Terra Biological LLC – Pharmacological Development|website=terrabiological.com|access-date=2026-02-28}}</ref>. The sale of oxaloacetate by Terra Biological is controversial due to its high price (US$500 for Oxaloacetate CFS, 90 Capsules, 500mg)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oxaloacetatecfs.com/products/oxaloacetate-cfs-90-count-bottle|title=Oxaloacetate CFS – 90 Capsules, 500mg|website=oxaloacetatecfs.com|access-date=2026-02-28}}</ref> and the company's history of violating FDA regulations around the sale of new drugs and "medical foods"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/terra-biological-llc-520430-07182017|title=WARNING LETTER: Terra Biological LLC MARCS-CMS 520430|last=Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition|date=July 18, 2017|website=U.S. Food and Drug Administration|access-date=Feburary 28, 2026}}</ref>

==Notable studies ==
* 2022, Oxaloacetate Treatment For Mental And Physical Fatigue In Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long-COVID fatigue patients: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial<ref name="Cash2022">{{Cite journal| title = Oxaloacetate Treatment For Mental And Physical Fatigue In Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long-COVID fatigue patients: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial| date = 2022-06-28|url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3|journal=Journal of Translational Medicine|volume=20|issue=1|pages=295 | last = Cash | first = Alan | authorlink = | last2 = Kaufman | first2 = David Lyons | authorlink2 = David Kaufman|doi=10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3|pmc=PMC9238249|pmid=35764955|access-date=|issn=1479-5876|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3 (Full text)]

==See also==

==Learn more==


==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Alternative medicine‎]]
[[Category:Medicinal foods‎]]
[[Category:Supplements‎]]

Oxaloacetate

2026-02-28T03:28:29Z

Aryore:

{{stub}}
'''Oxaloacetate''' or '''oxaloacetic acid''' '''(OAA)''' or '''Anhydrous Enol-Oxaloacetate''' or '''(AEO)''', also available under the brand name '''Jubilance''', is nutritional supplement currently under investigation as a treatment for [[chronic fatigue]] and mental fatigue in [[ME/CFS]]<ref name="NCT05273372">{{Cite web| title = A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial to Determine the Effects of Oxaloacetate on Improving Fatigue in ME/CFS| date = 2022-02-28|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05273372 | website = ClinicalTrials.gov | last = Terra Biological LLC | first = | authorlink = | last2 = Bateman Horne Center | first2 = | authorlink2 = Bateman Horne Center|access-date=Aug 29, 2022|quote=|via=}}</ref> and [[Long COVID]].<ref name="NCT04592354">{{Cite web| title = Anhydrous Enol-Oxaloacetate (AEO) on Improving Fatigue in Post-COVID-19 Survivors| date = 2020-10-16 | website = clinicaltrials.gov|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04592354 | last = Terra Biological LLC}}</ref> The Jubilance brand has limited evidence that it "may help alleviate the mild to moderate psychological and/or behavioral symptoms associated with [[Premenstrual syndrome|Premenstrual Syndrome]] (PMS)".<ref name="TullyPMS2021">{{Cite journal| title = Oxaloacetate reduces emotional symptoms in premenstrual syndrome (PMS): results of a placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial| date = Mar 2020|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073356/|journal=Obstetrics & Gynecology Science|volume=63|issue=2|pages=195–204 | last = Tully | first = Lisa | authorlink = | last2 = Humiston | first2 = John | author-link2 = | last3 = Cash | first3 = Alan | authorlink3 = |doi=10.5468/ogs.2020.63.2.195|pmc=7073356|pmid=32206660|access-date=|issn=2287-8572|quote=|via=}}</ref>

==Theory==
Oxaloacetate is part of the [[Citric acid cycle]] and is formed from pyruvate. It is crucial in replenishing the citric acid cycle by acting as an acceptor for [[Acetyl coenzyme A]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Regulation of pyruvate metabolism and human disease|date=Dec 21, 2013|url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4059968/|journal=Cell Mol Life Sci|volume=71|issue=14|pages=2577 - 2604|last=Rabinowitz|first=Joshua|last2=Tompkins|first2=Sean|last3=Taylor|first3=Eric|doi=10.1007/s00018-013-1539-2|pmc=4059968|pmid=24363178}}</ref> Additional oxaloacetate may provide [[Mitochondrion|mitochondria]]<nowiki/>l support in ME/CFS.{{citation needed| date = 2022}}

==Evidence==
In 2022, Cash et al. (2022) reported:
:"Anhydrous Enol-Oxaloacetate, (AEO) a nutritional supplement, has been anecdotally reported to relieve physical and mental fatigue and is dimished in ME/CFS patients. Here, we examine the use of higher dosage AEO as a medical food to relieve pathological fatigue."

"76 ME/CFS patients (73.7% women, median age of 47) showed an average reduction in fatigue at 6 weeks as measured by the "[[chalder fatigue syndrome|Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire]]" of 22.5% to 27.9% from baseline (P < 0.005) (Likert scoring).

==Clinicians==

==Risks and safety==
==Costs and availability==
Oxaloacetate is currently available solely from the US company Terra Biological as the products Oxaloacetate CFS, benaGene, and Jubilance<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://terrabiological.com/|title=Terra Biological LLC – Pharmacological Development|website=terrabiological.com|access-date=2026-02-28}}</ref>. The sale of oxaloacetate by Terra Biological is controversial due to its high price (US$500 for Oxaloacetate CFS, 90 Capsules, 500mg) and the company's history of violating FDA regulations around the sale of new drugs and "medical foods"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/terra-biological-llc-520430-07182017|title=WARNING LETTER: Terra Biological LLC MARCS-CMS 520430|last=Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition|date=July 18, 2017|website=U.S. Food and Drug Administration|access-date=Feburary 28, 2026}}</ref>

==Notable studies ==
* 2022, Oxaloacetate Treatment For Mental And Physical Fatigue In Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long-COVID fatigue patients: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial<ref name="Cash2022">{{Cite journal| title = Oxaloacetate Treatment For Mental And Physical Fatigue In Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long-COVID fatigue patients: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial| date = 2022-06-28|url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3|journal=Journal of Translational Medicine|volume=20|issue=1|pages=295 | last = Cash | first = Alan | authorlink = | last2 = Kaufman | first2 = David Lyons | authorlink2 = David Kaufman|doi=10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3|pmc=PMC9238249|pmid=35764955|access-date=|issn=1479-5876|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3 (Full text)]

==See also==

==Learn more==


==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Alternative medicine‎]]
[[Category:Medicinal foods‎]]
[[Category:Supplements‎]]

Oxaloacetate

2026-02-28T03:28:02Z

Aryore:/* Costs and availability */ this section was previously empty

{{stub}}
'''Oxaloacetate''' or '''oxaloacetic acid''' '''(OAA)''' or '''Anhydrous Enol-Oxaloacetate''' or '''(AEO)''', also available under the brand name '''Jubilance''', is nutritional supplement currently under investigation as a treatment for [[chronic fatigue]] and mental fatigue in [[ME/CFS]]<ref name="NCT05273372">{{Cite web| title = A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial to Determine the Effects of Oxaloacetate on Improving Fatigue in ME/CFS| date = 2022-02-28|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05273372 | website = ClinicalTrials.gov | last = Terra Biological LLC | first = | authorlink = | last2 = Bateman Horne Center | first2 = | authorlink2 = Bateman Horne Center|access-date=Aug 29, 2022|quote=|via=}}</ref> and [[Long COVID]].<ref name="NCT04592354">{{Cite web| title = Anhydrous Enol-Oxaloacetate (AEO) on Improving Fatigue in Post-COVID-19 Survivors| date = 2020-10-16 | website = clinicaltrials.gov|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04592354 | last = Terra Biological LLC}}</ref> The Jubilance brand has limited evidence that it "may help alleviate the mild to moderate psychological and/or behavioral symptoms associated with [[Premenstrual syndrome|Premenstrual Syndrome]] (PMS)".<ref name="TullyPMS2021">{{Cite journal| title = Oxaloacetate reduces emotional symptoms in premenstrual syndrome (PMS): results of a placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial| date = Mar 2020|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073356/|journal=Obstetrics & Gynecology Science|volume=63|issue=2|pages=195–204 | last = Tully | first = Lisa | authorlink = | last2 = Humiston | first2 = John | author-link2 = | last3 = Cash | first3 = Alan | authorlink3 = |doi=10.5468/ogs.2020.63.2.195|pmc=7073356|pmid=32206660|access-date=|issn=2287-8572|quote=|via=}}</ref>

==Theory==
Oxaloacetate is part of the [[Citric acid cycle]] and is formed from pyruvate. It is crucial in replenishing the citric acid cycle by acting as an acceptor for [[Acetyl coenzyme A]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Regulation of pyruvate metabolism and human disease|date=Dec 21, 2013|url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4059968/|journal=Cell Mol Life Sci|volume=71|issue=14|pages=2577 - 2604|last=Rabinowitz|first=Joshua|last2=Tompkins|first2=Sean|last3=Taylor|first3=Eric|doi=10.1007/s00018-013-1539-2|pmc=4059968|pmid=24363178}}</ref> Additional oxaloacetate may provide [[Mitochondrion|mitochondria]]<nowiki/>l support in ME/CFS.{{citation needed| date = 2022}}

==Evidence==
In 2022, Cash et al. (2022) reported:
:"Anhydrous Enol-Oxaloacetate, (AEO) a nutritional supplement, has been anecdotally reported to relieve physical and mental fatigue and is dimished in ME/CFS patients. Here, we examine the use of higher dosage AEO as a medical food to relieve pathological fatigue."

"76 ME/CFS patients (73.7% women, median age of 47) showed an average reduction in fatigue at 6 weeks as measured by the "[[chalder fatigue syndrome|Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire]]" of 22.5% to 27.9% from baseline (P < 0.005) (Likert scoring).

==Clinicians==

==Risks and safety==
Oxaloacetate is currently available solely from the US company Terra Biological as the products Oxaloacetate CFS, benaGene, and Jubilance<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://terrabiological.com/|title=Terra Biological LLC – Pharmacological Development|website=terrabiological.com|access-date=2026-02-28}}</ref>. The sale of oxaloacetate by Terra Biological is controversial due to its high price (US$500 for Oxaloacetate CFS, 90 Capsules, 500mg) and the company's history of violating FDA regulations around the sale of new drugs and "medical foods"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/terra-biological-llc-520430-07182017|title=WARNING LETTER: Terra Biological LLC MARCS-CMS 520430|last=Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition|date=July 18, 2017|website=U.S. Food and Drug Administration|access-date=Feburary 28, 2026}}</ref>

==Costs and availability==

==Notable studies ==
* 2022, Oxaloacetate Treatment For Mental And Physical Fatigue In Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long-COVID fatigue patients: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial<ref name="Cash2022">{{Cite journal| title = Oxaloacetate Treatment For Mental And Physical Fatigue In Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long-COVID fatigue patients: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial| date = 2022-06-28|url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3|journal=Journal of Translational Medicine|volume=20|issue=1|pages=295 | last = Cash | first = Alan | authorlink = | last2 = Kaufman | first2 = David Lyons | authorlink2 = David Kaufman|doi=10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3|pmc=PMC9238249|pmid=35764955|access-date=|issn=1479-5876|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3 (Full text)]

==See also==

==Learn more==


==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Potential treatments]]
[[Category:Alternative medicine‎]]
[[Category:Medicinal foods‎]]
[[Category:Supplements‎]]