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{{stub}} '''Valine''' or '''L-valine''' is one of the nine essential [[amino acid]]s for humans,<ref name="pubchem">{{Cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Valine | last =National Center for Biotechnology Information | title = PubChem Compound Summary for CID 6287, Valine|access-date=2022-05-24}}</ref> and is also available in [[branched chain amino acid]] (BCAA) supplements.<ref name="vanderPollch">{{Cite book | title=Guide to Nutritional Supplements | pages = 7-8|isbn=978-0-12-375661-9|edition=|volume=|language=en|title-link=|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_VjxiHvdlOQC&newbks=0&lpg=PA7&pg=PA7#v=snippet&f=true|access-date= | date = 2009-09-02|publisher=Academic Press | last =van der Poll | first = MCG |author-link = | last2 = Luiking | first2 = YC |author-link2 = | last3 = Dejong | first3 = CHC | authorlink3 = | last4 = Soeters | first4=PB | authorlink4 = |veditors=|others=|doi=|oclc=|quote=|archive-url=|archive-date=|location=Oxford, UK | editor-last = Caballero | editor-first = Benjamin|editor1-link=|editor-last2=|editor-first2=|chapter=Amino Acids}}</ref> ==Purpose== ==Sources== ==Evidence == ==ME/CFS== The genes [[Transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1|TRPV1]] and [[Valyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial|VARS2]] and their associated proteins influence the effects of valine in the body, and have been implicated in pathophysiology of [[ME/CFS]]. The pilot study from the ongoing [[ME/CFS Gene Study]] found that VARS2 was one of the ten relatively common genes or gene variants that were significantly more common in people with ME/CFS.<ref name="Nathanson2019" /> Iacob et al. (2016) found differences in gene expression for TRPV1 after moderate exercise in ME/CFS and [[fibromyalgia]] patients, transient vanilloid receptor (TRPV1) is associated with [[pain]], [[fatigue]] and [[inflammation]], including both increased fatigue and pain during [[post-exertional malaise]] in ME/CFS.<ref name="Iacob2016"/> ==Costs and availability == Available over the counter, but more often sold as a BCAA supplement. ===Branched Chain Amino Acids === Valine, along with [[leucine]] and [[isoleucine]] is [[branched chain amino acid]] (BCAA).<ref name="vanderPollch" /> ===AXA1125 === Valine is one of a number of amino acids in [[AXA1125]], which is undergoing clinical trials for a number of uses.{{citation needed | date = 2022}} ==Risks and safety == ==Notable studies == * 2019, Genetic Predisposition for Immune System, Hormone, and Metabolic Dysfunction in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Pilot Study<ref name="Nathanson2019">{{Cite journal | last =Nathanson | first = Lubov | authorlink = Lubov Nathanson | authorlink2 = Travis Craddock | last2 = Craddock | first2 = Travis J.A. | last3 = Klimas | first3=Nancy G. | author-link3 = Nancy Klimas | authorlink4 = | last4 = Gemayel | first4 = Kristina | last5 = Del Alamo | first5 = Ana | authorlink5 = Ana Del Alamo | authorlink6 = | last6 = Hilton | first6 = Kelly | last7 = Jaundoo | first7 = Rajeev | authorlink7 = | last8 = Perez | first8 = Melanie | authorlink8 = | date = 2019 | title=Genetic Predisposition for Immune System, Hormone, and Metabolic Dysfunction in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Pilot Study|url=https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2019.00206/full|journal=Frontiers in Pediatrics|language=English|volume=7|doi=10.3389/fped.2019.00206|issn=2296-2360}}</ref> [https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2019.00206 (Full text)] * 2016, Gene expression factor analysis to differentiate pathways linked to fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and depression in a diverse patient sample<ref name="Iacob2016">{{Cite journal | title = Gene expression factor analysis to differentiate pathways linked to fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and depression in a diverse patient sample | date = Jan 2016|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4684820/|journal=Arthritis care & research|volume=68|issue=1|pages=132β140 | last =Iacob | first = Eli | authorlink = | last2 = Light | first2=Alan R. | authorlink2 = Alan Light | last3 = Donaldson | first3=Gary W. | author-link3 = | last4 = Okifuji | first4 = Akiko | authorlink4 = | last5 = Hughen | first5 = Ronald W. | authorlink5 = | last6 = White | first6 = Andrea T. | authorlink6 = Andrea White | last7 = Light | first7 = Kathleen C. | authorlink7 = Kathleen Light|doi=10.1002/acr.22639|pmc=4684820|pmid=26097208|access-date=|issn=2151-464X|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4684820/ (Full text)] ==See also == *[[Branched chain amino acid]]s (BCAA) *[[AXA1125]] ==Learn more == *[https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Valine Valine] - PubChem ==References == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Amino acids]] [[Category:Potential treatments]] [[Category:Supplements]]
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