Vaccine: Difference between revisions
From MEpedia, a crowd-sourced encyclopedia of ME and CFS science and history
m (Protected "Vaccine" ([Edit=Allow only administrators (full protection)] (expires 04:36, June 11, 2020 (UTC)) [Move=Allow only administrators (full protection)] (expires 04:36, June 11, 2020 (UTC)))) |
Notjusttired (talk | contribs) (Wikipedia is not a journal) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[File:Vaccine.png|300px|thumb|right|]] | [[File:Vaccine.png|300px|thumb|right|]] | ||
A '''vaccine''' is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it, and to further recognize and destroy any of the microorganisms associated with that agent that it may encounter in the future. Vaccines can be prophylactic (example: to prevent or ameliorate the effects of a future infection by a natural or "wild" pathogen), or therapeutic (e.g., vaccines against [[cancer]] are being investigated).<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Melief C, van Hall T, Arens R, Ossendorp F, van der Burg S |title=Therapeutic cancer vaccines |journal=J Clin Invest |volume=125 |issue=9 |pages=3401–12 |year=2015 |pmid= |doi=10.1172/JCI80009 |url=https://www.jci.org/articles/view/80009 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629033940/http://jci.org/articles/view/80009 |archivedate=2017-06-29 |df= |}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Bol K, etal |title=Prophylactic vaccines are potent activators of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and drive effective anti-tumor responses in melanoma patients at the cost of toxicity |journal=Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy |volume=65 |issue=3 |pages=327–39 |year=2016 |pmid= |doi=10.1007/s00262-016-1796-7 |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00262-016-1796-7|}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Brotherton J |title=HPV prophylactic vaccines: lessons learned from 10 years experience |journal=Future Medicine |volume=10 |issue=8 |pages=999–1009 |year=2015 |pmid= |doi=10.2217/fvl.15.60 |url=http://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/abs/10.2217/fvl.15.60}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Frazier I |title=Development and Implementation of Papillomavirus Prophylactic Vaccines |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=192 |issue=9 |pages=4007–11 |year=2014 |pmid= |doi=10.4049/jimmunol.1490012 |url=http://www.jimmunol.org/content/192/9/4007.short |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811190134/http://www.jimmunol.org/content/192/9/4007.short |archivedate=2017-08-11 |df= | A '''vaccine''' is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it, and to further recognize and destroy any of the microorganisms associated with that agent that it may encounter in the future. Vaccines can be prophylactic (example: to prevent or ameliorate the effects of a future infection by a natural or "wild" pathogen), or therapeutic (e.g., vaccines against [[cancer]] are being investigated).<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Melief C, van Hall T, Arens R, Ossendorp F, van der Burg S |title=Therapeutic cancer vaccines |journal=J Clin Invest |volume=125 |issue=9 |pages=3401–12 |year=2015 |pmid= |doi=10.1172/JCI80009 |url=https://www.jci.org/articles/view/80009 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629033940/http://jci.org/articles/view/80009 |archivedate=2017-06-29 |df= |}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Bol K, etal |title=Prophylactic vaccines are potent activators of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and drive effective anti-tumor responses in melanoma patients at the cost of toxicity |journal=Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy |volume=65 |issue=3 |pages=327–39 |year=2016 |pmid= |doi=10.1007/s00262-016-1796-7 |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00262-016-1796-7|}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Brotherton J |title=HPV prophylactic vaccines: lessons learned from 10 years experience |journal=Future Medicine |volume=10 |issue=8 |pages=999–1009 |year=2015 |pmid= |doi=10.2217/fvl.15.60 |url=http://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/abs/10.2217/fvl.15.60}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Frazier I |title=Development and Implementation of Papillomavirus Prophylactic Vaccines |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=192 |issue=9 |pages=4007–11 |year=2014 |pmid= |doi=10.4049/jimmunol.1490012 |url=http://www.jimmunol.org/content/192/9/4007.short |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811190134/http://www.jimmunol.org/content/192/9/4007.short |archivedate=2017-08-11 |df= }}</ref> | ||
==Risk in developing ME/CFS == | ==Risk in developing ME/CFS == | ||
| Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
* [https://blausen.com/en/video/vaccines/ Vaccines]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blausen.com/en/video/vaccines/|title=Vaccines|website=blausen.com|access-date=2018-08-25}}</ref> Video short | * [https://blausen.com/en/video/vaccines/ Vaccines]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blausen.com/en/video/vaccines/|title=Vaccines|website=blausen.com|access-date=2018-08-25}}</ref> Video short | ||
* [[wikipedia:Vaccine|Wikipedia]] | * [[wikipedia:Vaccine|Wikipedia]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 51: | Line 50: | ||
</references> | </references> | ||
[[Category:Immunology]] | [[Category:Immunology]] | ||
[[Category:Triggers and risk factors]] | |||
Revision as of 21:11, July 31, 2020
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it, and to further recognize and destroy any of the microorganisms associated with that agent that it may encounter in the future. Vaccines can be prophylactic (example: to prevent or ameliorate the effects of a future infection by a natural or "wild" pathogen), or therapeutic (e.g., vaccines against cancer are being investigated).[1][2][3][4]
Risk in developing ME/CFS[edit | edit source]
According to the 2018 version of The Clinician’s Vaccine Safety Resource Guide Vaccines: "Vaccines currently routinely recommended to the general population in the U.S. have not been shown to cause fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)."[5]
A 2015 complete population study of data from 2009 to 2012 in Norway, following the country's mass vaccination during the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, found that vaccination produced no increased risk of CFS/ME. By contrast, infection with influenza more than doubled the risk of developing CFS/ME.[6]
Some have reported developing ME/CFS after receiving vaccinations for foreign travel but a causal relationship has not been shown.[7]
In one case of a 43-year-old man who developed CFS after having five vaccinations, with no previous ill health, Dr. Chris Exley and team at the Birchall Centre at Keele University in Staffordshire, UK, in 2008 "proposed that the cause of the CFS in this individual was a heightened immune response, initially to the aluminium in each of the adjuvants and thereafter spreading to other significant body stores of aluminium."[8] However, under this hypothesis, Dr. Exley anticipated that the mass human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program then recently begun in the UK would carry related risks, as that vaccine also uses aluminium-based adjuvant. That was not borne out: a 2013 study concluded there is no evidence the HPV vaccine leads to developing chronic fatigue syndrome.[9]
Risk in developing Gulf War Illness[edit | edit source]
Vaccinations have been proposed as an etiological factor in Gulf War Illness, especially the mass vaccinations given prior to military deployment.[10]
Vaccination in the presence of elevated cortisol levels can drive cytokine expression toward Th2 dominance.[11][12]
Influenza vaccine for ME/CFS and Fibromyalgia patients[edit | edit source]
Publications[edit | edit source]
- 2018, Do Vaccines Cause Fibromyalgia or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)? in The Clinician’s Vaccine Safety Resource Guide[5]
See also[edit | edit source]
Learn more[edit | edit source]
- 5 Vaccine Delivery Methods of the Future[13]
- Vaccine Delivery[14]
- Vaccine Storage and Handling[15]
- Vaccines[16] Video short
- Wikipedia
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Melief C, van Hall T, Arens R, Ossendorp F, van der Burg S (2015). "Therapeutic cancer vaccines". J Clin Invest. 125 (9): 3401–12. doi:10.1172/JCI80009. Archived from the original on June 29, 2017. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help) - ↑ Bol K, et al. (2016). "Prophylactic vaccines are potent activators of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and drive effective anti-tumor responses in melanoma patients at the cost of toxicity". Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy. 65 (3): 327–39. doi:10.1007/s00262-016-1796-7. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
|1=(help) - ↑ Brotherton J (2015). "HPV prophylactic vaccines: lessons learned from 10 years experience". Future Medicine. 10 (8): 999–1009. doi:10.2217/fvl.15.60.
- ↑ Frazier I (2014). "Development and Implementation of Papillomavirus Prophylactic Vaccines". J. Immunol. 192 (9): 4007–11. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1490012. Archived from the original on August 11, 2017. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ↑ 5.0 5.1 Dudley, Matthew Z.; Salmon, Daniel A.; Halsey, Neal A.; Orenstein, Walter A.; Limaye, Rupali J.; O’Leary, Sean T.; Omer, Saad B. (2018). "Do Vaccines Cause Fibromyalgia or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)?". Cham: Springer International Publishing: 241–244. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94694-8_35. ISBN 9783319946931. Cite journal requires
|journal=(help) - ↑ Magnus, Per; Gunnes, Nina; Tveito, Kari; Bakken, Inger Johanne; Ghaderi, Sara; Stoltenberg, Camilla; Hornig, Mady; Lipkin, W. Ian; Trogstad, Lill (November 17, 2015). "Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is associated with pandemic influenza infection, but not with an adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine". Vaccine. 33 (46): 6173–6177. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.10.018. ISSN 1873-2518. PMID 26475444.
- ↑ "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Subgroups - different triggers for this chronic illness". HealingCFSME.com. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
- ↑ "Vaccine-Related Chronic Fatigue Syndrome In An Individual Demonstrating Aluminium Overload". ScienceDaily. Keele University. November 18, 2008. Retrieved August 24, 2018 – via Science Daily. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
|dead-url=(help) - ↑ "Bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine and the risk of fatigue syndromes in girls in the UK". Vaccine. 31 (43): 4961–4967. October 9, 2013. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.024. ISSN 0264-410X.
- ↑ Peakman, Mark; Skowera, Ania; Hotopf, Matthew (2006), "Immunological dysfunction, vaccination and Gulf War illness", Immunological dysfunction, vaccination and Gulf War illness. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 361 (1468): 681–687, doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1826
- ↑ Bernton, E.; Hoover, D.; Galloway, R.; Popp, K. (December 29, 1995). "Adaptation to chronic stress in military trainees. Adrenal androgens, testosterone, glucocorticoids, IGF-1, and immune function". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 774: 217–231. ISSN 0077-8923. PMID 8597461.
- ↑ Ramírez, F.; Fowell, D. J.; Puklavec, M.; Simmonds, S.; Mason, D. (April 1, 1996). "Glucocorticoids promote a TH2 cytokine response by CD4+ T cells in vitro". Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md.: 1950). 156 (7): 2406–2412. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 8786298.
- ↑ "5 Vaccine Delivery Methods of the Future". Vaccine Nation. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
- ↑ Mandal, Ananya (January 9, 2010). "Vaccine Delivery". News-Medical.net. Retrieved August 25, 2018. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
|dead-url=(help) - ↑ "Vaccine Storage and Handling" (PDF). cdc.gov. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
|dead-url=(help) - ↑ "Vaccines". blausen.com. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
