Anonymous
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Search
Editing
Psychotherapy for mental illness
(section)
From MEpedia, a crowd-sourced encyclopedia of ME and CFS science and history
Namespaces
Page
Discussion
More
More
Page actions
Read
Edit
Edit source
History
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
==Cognitive behavioral therapy == [[Cognitive behavioral therapy]] (CBT) is a form of talking therapy that was developed initially to treat depression, then later models were developed for [[anxiety]], [[post-traumatic stress disorder]] and other mental illnesses.<ref name="Geraghty2016">{{Cite journal | last = Geraghty | first = Keith J | author-link = Keith Geraghty | last2 = Blease | first2 = Charlotte | authorlink2 = Charlotte Blease | date = 2016-09-15| title = Cognitive behavioural therapy in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome: A narrative review on efficacy and informed consent|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Keith_Geraghty/publication/308181085_Cognitive_behavioural_therapy_in_the_treatment_of_chronic_fatigue_syndrome_A_narrative_review_on_efficacy_and_informed_consent/links/5a15a37e4585153b546ca7c7/Cognitive-behavioural-therapy-in-the-treatment-of-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-A-narrative-review-on-efficacy-and-informed-consent.pdf|journal=Journal of Health Psychology|volume=23|issue=1|pages=127โ138|doi=10.1177/1359105316667798|issn=1359-1053|via=}}</ref> CBT is an extremely popular form of therapy that can be delivered in either psychotherapy or [[counseling]]. In CBT, "homework" such as worksheets completed between sessions is often expected, which may mean that it is more demanding in terms of energy than some other types of therapy.<ref name="types">{{Cite web|url=https://www.westsidepsych.com/therapeutic-techniques| title = Therapy Techniques|website=WestSide Psychotherapy|language=en-US|access-date=2022-01-13}}</ref> Many people who deliver CBT counseling are not registered mental health professionals and do not work primarily in counseling or psychotherapy.<ref name="DwME" /> [[Acceptance and Commitment Therapy]] is also a form of CBT.<ref name="types" /> ===CBT for ME/CFS === Cognitive behavioral therapy has also been developed for [[ME/CFS]] based on a highly controversial [[cognitive behavioral model|biopsychosocial model]] of ME/CFS that does not accept that it has an underlying biological disease process, and views psychological factors such as [[illness beliefs|fear of exercise]] as a key part of the disease, something which has been found to be incorrect.<ref name="Tack2019/><ref name="Wilshire, 2018">{{Cite journal | last1 = Wilshire | first1 = C | authorlink1 = Carolyn Wilshire | last2 = Kindlon | first2 = T | authorlink2 = Tom Kindlon | last3 = Courtney | first3 = R | authorlink3 = Robert Courtney | last4 = Matthees | first4 = A | authorlink4 = Alem Matthees | last5 = Tuller | first5 = D | authorlink5 = David Tuller | last6 = Geraghty | first6 = K | authorlink6 = Keith Geraghty | last7 = Levin | first7 = B | authorlink7 = Bruce Levin | title = Rethinking the treatment of chronic fatigue syndromeโA reanalysis and evaluation of findings from a recent major trial of graded exercise and CBT | journal = BMC Psychology|doi =10.1186/540359-018-0218-3 | volume = 6 | issue = 6 | page = | date = 2018| url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322568480_Rethinking_the_treatment_of_chronic_fatigue_syndrome-A_reanalysis_and_evaluation_of_findings_from_a_recent_major_trial_of_graded_exercise_and_CBT}}</ref><ref name="Tack2019">{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.bmj.com/medical-humanities/2019/07/04/why-graded-exercise-therapy-and-cognitive-behaviour-therapy-are-controversial-in-chronic-fatigue-syndrome/| title = Why Graded Exercise Therapy and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy are Controversial in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | last = Michiel | first = Tack | authorlink = Michiel Tack| date = Jul 4, 2019 | website = BMJ Medical Humanities Blog|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-07-09}}</ref><ref name="Spandler2017">{{Cite journal | last = Spandler | first=Helen | authorlink = Helen Spandler | last2 = Allen | first2 = Meg | author-link2 = Meg Allen | date = Aug 16, 2017| title = Contesting the psychiatric framing of ME/CFS|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Helen_Spandler/publication/319157873_Contesting_the_psychiatric_framing_of_MECFS/links/599b082545851574f4ac5ba0/Contesting-the-psychiatric-framing-of-ME-CFS.pdf|journal=Social Theory & Health|language=en|volume=16|issue=2|pages=127โ141|doi=10.1057/s41285-017-0047-0|issn=1477-8211|quote=|via=}}</ref> [[cognitive behavioral model|This form of CBT]], which is often delivered by the UK's '''Improving Access to Psychological Therapies''' (IATP) but may be delivered by any counselor in any country, aims to cure or significantly improve physical symptoms through encouraging the person to change their thoughts and behaviors.<ref name="NHS-CBT" /> In this model of CBT the person assumed to have an "unhelpful" (irrational) beliefs that [[exercise intolerance|exercise is harmful]] or to be engaging in a [[viscous circle]] of thoughts and behaviors that are claimed to make the illness worse.<ref name="Geraghty2016"/><ref name="Spandler2017" /> This extremely controversial model of CBT,<ref name="Twisk2009">{{Cite journal | last = Twisk | first = Frank N. M. | last2 = Maes | first2 = Michael| date = 2009| title = A review on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and graded exercise therapy (GET) in myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) / chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): CBT/GET is not only ineffective and not evidence-based, but also potentially harmful for many patients with ME/CFS|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/19855350/|journal=Neuro Endocrinology Letters|volume=30|issue=3|pages=284โ299|issn=0172-780X|pmid=19855350|quote= | author-link = Frank Twisk | authorlink2 = Michael Maes|via=}}</ref> which is typically delivered by nurses, occupational therapists and sometimes counselors, treats ME/CFS as [[medically unexplained physical symptoms]] (MUS) and may be treat symptoms as "bothersome" or as if they can be "reversed" by altered behaviors rather than acknowledging ME/CFS as a serious, neurological disease with a very low recovery rate; this cognitive behavioral and [[biopsychosocial model]] of ME/CFS was abandoned by the [[Centers for Disease Control|CDC]] in 2017, and by the UK's [[NICE guidelines|NHS guidelines]] in 2021 due to the evidence that is was ineffective and often harmful,<ref name="CDC-drops-GET">{{Cite web |url = http://www.virology.ws/2017/07/10/trial-by-error-the-cdc-drops-cbtget/| title = Trial By Error: The CDC Drops CBT/GET|website = [[Virology blog]] | date = 2017-07-10 | last = Tuller | first=David | authorlink = David Tuller}}</ref><ref name="DwME">{{Cite web|url = https://doctorswith.me/nice-2021-a-triumph-of-science-over-discrimination/?| title = NICE 2021: A Triumph of Science over Discrimination | date = November 1, 2021 | last = Doctors with M.E. | author-link = Doctors with M.E.|quote=The new guideline discards discredited psychological theories and therapies in favour of a more patient centred approach, driven by improved scientific understanding. It represents a positive and total paradigm change, uniting around the science, official disease classification and medico-legal compliance implications.}}</ref><ref name="SEID-IOM2015">{{Cite book | last=Institute of Medicine | authorlink = Institute of Medicine| title = Beyond Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Redefining an Illness|location=Washington, DC|publisher=The National Academies Press | date = 2015 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK284902/ |isbn=0309316898|pmid = 25695122|doi = 10.17226/19012 }}</ref> Some people experiencing this form of CBT have reported that they felt like they were experiencing [[Medical gaslighting|gaslighting]], which is a form of emotional abuse, and that their experiences of illness were not believed, and that medical facts were disputed by their counselor: in the UK, a significant minority of people found that CBT for ME/CFS made their mental health worse. {{See also|Cognitive behavioral therapy|Cognitive behavioral therapy|Illness beliefs|Illness beliefs}}
Summary:
Please make sure your edits are consistent with
MEpedia's guidelines
.
By saving changes, you agree to the
Terms of use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 3.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
This page is a member of 2 hidden categories:
Category:All stub articles
Category:Stub pages last edited in 2023
Navigation
Navigation
Skip to content
Main page
Browse
Become an editor
Random page
Popular pages
Abbreviations
Glossary
About MEpedia
Links for editors
Contents
Guidelines
Recent changes
Pages in need
Search
Help
Wiki tools
Wiki tools
Special pages
Page tools
Page tools
User page tools
More
What links here
Related changes
Page information
Page logs