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Pediatric myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
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== Symptoms of pediatric ME/CFS == The same [[Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease#Diagnostic criteria|core symptoms]] for adults with ME/CFS are found in pediatric cases: [[chronic fatigue]]; [[post-exertional malaise]] (PEM); [[Sleep dysfunction|sleep problems]]; [[Cognitive dysfunction|problems with thinking]] and [[Memory problems|memory]]; and/or [[orthostatic intolerance]] (OI).<ref name="CDC-symptoms-adults">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/me-cfs/symptoms-diagnosis/symptoms.html | title = Symptoms of ME/CFS {{!}} Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | date = 2019-01-18 | website = [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]|language=en-us|access-date=2019-01-29}}</ref><ref name="CDC-symptoms">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/me-cfs/me-cfs-children/children-symptoms-diagnosis.html | title = Symptoms and Diagnosis of ME/CFS in Children {{!}} Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | date = 2019-01-18 | website = [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]|language=en-us|access-date=2019-01-29}}</ref> However, the CDC notes some differences: * Children, especially adolescents, with ME/CFS have orthostatic intolerance ([[dizziness]] and lightheadedness and other symptoms that are triggered when standing up and sometimes also sitting upright) more often than adults. It is often the most unbearable symptom and may make other symptoms of ME/CFS worse. * Sleep problems in young children may show up as a lack of their usual energy. In adolescents with ME/CFS, sleep problems may be hard to detect, as [[Sleep cycle|sleep cycles]] change during puberty. Many adolescents begin to stay up late and often have trouble waking up early. The demands of classes, homework, after-school jobs, and social activities also affect sleep. Common sleep complaints in children and adolescents with ME/CFS include: ** Difficulty [[Insomnia|falling or staying asleep]] ** Daytime sleepiness ** Intense and vivid dreaming * Unlike adults with ME/CFS, children and adolescents with ME/CFS do not usually have [[Myalgia|muscle]] and [[Arthralgia|joint pain]]. [[Headache]]s and [[abdominal pain|stomach pain]] are more common pain symptoms in children and adolescents.<ref name="JasonL2006paed" /> Younger children may not be able to describe the pain well. * In children, particularly in adolescents, ME/CFS is more likely to start after an acute illness, like the [[Influenza|flu]] or [[mononucleosis]]. Sometimes, ME/CFS in children might begin gradually.<ref name="CDC-symptoms" /> Dr. [[David Bell]] agrees the symptoms for children can be different noting abdominal pain is more common and in teens there can be facial flushing. Instead of PEM, children can relapse from minor exertion spending prolonged periods of time in bed.<ref name="BellOMF" />
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