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Omega 3 fatty acid hypothesis
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===EPA/AA ratios in CFS patients=== A study of twenty-two patients (defined using the CDC criteria) and twelve controls found that [[chronic fatigue syndrome|CFS]] patients have significantly lower EPA/AA and Omega3/Omega 6 (Ο3/Ο6) ratios owing to substantially increased levels of Omega 6 fatty acids (but not lower Omega 3s). These ratios correlated with some of the items on the [[FibroFatigue scale]] such as pain, fatigue, and memory deficits. The study also found significant correlations between the Ο3/Ο6 ratio and lowered serum [[zinc]] levels and lowered mitogen-stimulated [[CD69]] expression on CD3+, CD3+CD4+, and CD3+CD8+ [[T cell]]s.<ref>http://nel.edu/26-2005_6_pdf/NEL260605A22_Maes.pdf</ref> However, since patients have normal levels of EPA, it may not be that delta-6-desaturase is being blocked by viral activity as Puri hypothesizes but rather that AA is increased because it is being hydrolyzed by [[Phospholipase A2]] (PLA2) to produce eicosanoids. Increased PLA2 activity is observed in many neurological conditions<ref>http://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/58/3/591.full</ref> and in inflammatory disorders such as [[fibromyalgia]].<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26585319</ref> EPA competes directly with AA for the [[phospholipase A2]] enzyme (PLA2) and thus inhibits the production of inflammatory eicosanoids. Over time, it reduces the amount of AA available in cell membranes. This suggests a possible role for EPA in the treatment of diseases where increased PLA2 activity is observed.
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