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Neurology of ME/CFS
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[[File:Progressive Brain Changes Longitudinal MRI Study (2016).jpeg|400px|thumb|right|Progressive Brain Changes Six-year Longitudinal MRI Study of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients (2016) Source: J Magnetic Res Imaging.<ref name="Shan2016" /> License: [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ CC-BY-NC-4.0] https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.25283]] ==<span id="brain-imaging">Brain imaging</span>== {{Main article|page_name=Brain}} {{Main article|Neuroinflammation}} [[File:Grey and white matter differences in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (2017).jpeg|400px|thumb|Grey and white matter differences in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome – A voxel-based morphometry study (2018) Source: Finkelmeyer et al. NeuroImage: Clinical 17 pp.24-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.09.024]] [[File:Brain-scan-CFS-basal-ganglia.png|thumb|Reduced Activation in Basal Ganglia Structures in CFS compared to Controls for the Win-Lose Contrast.<ref name="Finkelmeyer, 2017" /><br>Source: Miller et al. (2014). PLoS ONE 9(5): e98156. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098156]] ==Spine== <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">{{Main article|page_name=Spine}}</div><span></span> == Neural strain == {{Main article|page_name=Neural strain}} In a study of neuromuscular strain in ME/CFS, 60 people with ME/CFS and 20 healthy controls randomly were assigned to undergo a neuromuscular strain maneuver or sham maneuver. Those with ME/CFS in the strain condition group had significantly increased symptoms for up to 24 hours.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Violand | first = Richard L. | last2 = Thompson | first2 = Carol B. | last3 = Moni | first3 = Malini | last4 = Marden | first4 = Colleen L. | last5 = Jasion | first5 = Samantha E. | last6 = Lauver | first6 = Megan | last7 = Fontaine | first7 = Kevin R. | last8 = Rowe | first8 = Peter C. | date = 2016-07-18 | title = Neuromuscular Strain Increases Symptom Intensity in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|url=https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0159386|journal=PLOS ONE|language=en|volume=11|issue=7| pages = e0159386|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0159386|issn=1932-6203}}</ref> ==Causes of neurological symptoms== [[File:MECFS-neuroeffects-brain.jpg|alt=Sketch of a brain with words inside saying intracranial hypertension, impaired cerebral blood flow, hyperventilation/hypocapnia, and adrenergic hyperactivity.|thumb|Key neurological pathomechanisms in ME/CFS are intracranial hypertension, impaired cerebral blood flow, hyperventilation/hypocapnia, and adrenergic hyperactivity.<br><br>'''Source:'''<br>Wirth, K.J., Scheibenbogen, C. & Paul, F. [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-03143-3 An attempt to explain the neurological symptoms of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.] J Transl Med 19, 471 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-03143-3]] Causes of neurological symptoms in ME/CFS include: *hyperventilation/hypnocapnia (reduced carbon dioxide levels in the blood) *[[intracranial hypertension]] (increased pressure within the skull and around brain) * reduced blood flow to the brain * [[Neuroinflammation|brain inflammation]] may also be a factor<ref name="Wirth2021b" /> These can explain cognitive impairment, brain fog, headache, psychomotor slowing, ataxia and loss of coordination of movements, hypersensitivity, sleep disturbances and dysautonomia.<ref name="Wirth2021b" /> ==Notable studies == *2021, An attempt to explain the neurological symptoms of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome<ref name="Wirth2021b">{{Cite journal | last = Wirth | first = Klaus J. | authorlink = | last2 = Scheibenbogen | first2 = Carmen | authorlink2 = Carmen Scheibenbogen | last3 = Paul | first3 = Friedemann | authorlink3 = | date = 2021-11-22 | title = An attempt to explain the neurological symptoms of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-03143-3|journal=Journal of Translational Medicine|volume=19|issue=1 | pages = 471|doi=10.1186/s12967-021-03143-3|issn=1479-5876|pmc=PMC8607226|pmid=34809664|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-021-03143-3 (Full text)] ==Talks and interviews== * 2016, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pnWinDtPurY 77. ME & the brain, part 1 / ME & de hersenen, deel 1 - Dr. Neil Harrison]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pnWinDtPurY | title = 77. ME & the brain, part 1 / ME & de hersenen, deel 1 - Dr. Neil Harrison | last = | first = | authorlink = Neil Harrison | date = Apr 5, 2016 | website = YouTube|publisher=Wetenschap voor Patienten - ME/cvs Vereniging|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}</ref> * 2016, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q4SsixfuYKE&feature=youtu.be 78. ME & the brain, part 2 / ME & de hersenen, deel 2 - Dr. Neil Harrison]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q4SsixfuYKE&feature=youtu.be | title = 78. ME & the brain, part 2 / ME & de hersenen, deel 2 - Dr. Neil Harrison | last = | first = | authorlink = Neil Harrison | date = Apr 19, 2016 | website = YouTube|publisher=Wetenschap voor Patienten - ME/cvs Vereniging|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}</ref> *2016, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4br0X7CJE0&feature=youtu.be 79. ME & inflammation, part 1 / ME & inflammatie, deel 1 - Dr Harrison]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4br0X7CJE0&feature=youtu.be | title = 79. ME & inflammation, part 1 / ME & inflammatie, deel 1 - Dr Harrison | last = Harrison | first = Neil | authorlink=Neil Harrison | date = May 3, 2016 | website = YouTube|publisher=Wetenschap voor Patienten - ME/cvs Vereniging|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}</ref> *2018, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rxdzaWD5wfU ME/CFS Involves Brain Inflammation: Results from a Ramsay Pilot Study], sponsored by [[Solve ME/CFS Initiative]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rxdzaWD5wfU | title = ME/CFS Involves Brain Inflammation: Results from a Ramsay Pilot Study | last = | first = | authorlink = Jarred Younger | date = Dec 14, 2018 | website = YouTube|publisher=SolveCFS|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}</ref> ==See also== *[[Brain]] *[[Basal ganglia]] *[[Microglia]] *[[QEEG]] *[[Neuroinflammation]] *[[List of abnormal findings in chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis]] === Researchers === * [[Neil Harrison]] * [[Jose Montoya]] * [[Jarred Younger]] ==Learn more== * 2014, [[Brains of People With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Offer Clues About Disorder - New York Times: Well (2014)|Brains of People With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Offer Clues About Disorder]] *2016, [http://www.healthrising.org/blog/2016/07/25/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-brain-under-functioning/ Laggard: Is an Under-Active Brain the Problem in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)]<ref>{{Cite news | url=http://www.healthrising.org/blog/2016/07/25/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-brain-under-functioning/ | title = Laggard: Is an Under-Active Brain the Problem in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) | last = Johnson | first =Cort | date = 2016-07-25|work=Health Rising|access-date=2018-11-29|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|language=en-GB|quote= | author-link = Cort Johnson}}</ref> *2017, [https://www.dropbox.com/s/u0ynbse2xb2hao6/Reference%20List%20of%20Neurology%20studies%20%20ME%20CFS%202017.pdf Reference List of Neurology studies ME CFS 2017.pdf]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dropbox.com/s/u0ynbse2xb2hao6/Reference%20List%20of%20Neurology%20studies%20%20ME%20CFS%202017.pdf | title = Reference List of Neurology studies - ME CFS 2017 | last = Chapman | first = Suzy | authorlink= | date = 2017 | website = Dropbox|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2018-11-29}}</ref> *2018, [https://www.healthrising.org/blog/2018/09/24/brain-fire-neuroinflammation-found-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-me-cfs/ Brain on Fire: Widespread Neuroinflammation Found in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)]<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.healthrising.org/blog/2018/09/24/brain-fire-neuroinflammation-found-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-me-cfs/ | title = Brain on Fire: Widespread Neuroinflammation Found in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) | last = Johnson | first =Cort | date = 2018-09-24|work=Health Rising|access-date=2018-11-29|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|language=en-GB|quote= | author-link = Cort Johnson}}</ref> *2019, [http://go.solvecfs.org/webmail/192652/97033877/74d435097e87231f24cffe4d9de93da8e3f71c0e077a67417eba10cbd269ccb1 ''Brain Imaging and Behavior'' publication from Dr. Jarred Younger’s SMCI Ramsay pilot study supports involvement of neuroinflammation in ME/CFS]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://go.solvecfs.org/webmail/192652/97033877/74d435097e87231f24cffe4d9de93da8e3f71c0e077a67417eba10cbd269ccb1 | title = Brain Imaging and Behavior publication from Dr. Jarred Younger’s SMCI Ramsay pilot study supports involvement of neuroinflammation in ME/CFS|website=go.solvecfs.org|access-date=2019-01-17 | date = | last = | first = | authorlink = |archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=}}</ref> ==References== <references> <ref name="Finkelmeyer, 2017">{{Citation | last1 = Finkelmeyer | first1 = Andreas | authorlink1 = Andreas Finkelmeyer | last2 = He | first2 = Jiabao | authorlink2 = | last3 = Maclachlan | first3 = Laura | authorlink3 = | last4 = Watson | first4 = Stuart | authorlink4 = | last5 = Gallagher | first5 = Peter | authorlink5 = | last6 = Newton | first6 = Julia L. | authorlink6 = Julia Newton | last7 = Blamire | first7 = Andrew M. | authorlink7 = | title = Grey and white matter differences in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome – A voxel-based morphometry study | journal = NeuroImage: Clinical | volume = 17 | issue = | page = 24-30 | date = 2018 | pmid = 29021956 | doi = 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.09.024 | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221315821730236X }}</ref> <ref name="Shan2016">{{citation | last1 = Shan | first1 = ZY | authorlink1 = | last2 = Kwiatek | first2 = R | authorlink2 = Richard Kwiatek | last3 = Burnet | first3 = R | authorlink3 = Richard Burnet | last4 = Del Fante | first4 = P | authorlink4 = Peter Del Fante | last5 = Staines | first5 = DR | authorlink5 = Donald Staines | last6 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first6 = SM | authorlink6 = Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik | last7 = Barnden | first7 = LR | authorlink7 = Leighton Barnden | title = Progressive brain changes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: A longitudinal MRI study | journal = Journal of magnetic resonance imaging: JMRI | date = 2016-04-28 | pmid = 27123773 | doi = 10.1002/jmri.25283 | url = http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jmri.25283/abstract;jsessionid=070BE1111DE3D52AC62FD00B68E96028.f03t01 }}</ref> </references> [[Category:Neurology]]
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