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Molnupiravir
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'''Molnupiravir''' or '''lagevrio''' (brand name) is a new antiviral drug which has recently undergone clinical trials for [[COVID-19]] treatment,<ref name="Mahase">{{Cite journal | last = Mahase | first = Elisabeth | date = 2021-10-04 | title = Covid-19: Molnupiravir reduces risk of hospital admission or death by 50% in patients at risk, MSD reports|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/375/bmj.n2422|journal=BMJ|language=en|volume=375|pages=n2422|doi=10.1136/bmj.n2422|issn=1756-1833|pmid=34607801}}</ref> and other uses.<ref name="drugbank">{{Cite web|url=https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB15661 | title = Molnupiravir | last = | first = | authorlink = | date = | website = DrugBank|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2021-10-26}}</ref><ref name="drugscom">{{Cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/history/molnupiravir.html | title = Molnupiravir FDA Approval Status|website=Drugs.com|language=en|access-date=2021-10-26}}</ref><ref name="govuk">{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/first-oral-antiviral-for-covid-19-lagevrio-molnupiravir-approved-by-mhra | title = First oral antiviral for COVID-19, Lagevrio (molnupiravir), approved by MHRA | last = | first = | authorlink = | date = | website = gov.uk|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2021-11-07}}</ref> ==Theory== Molnupiravir was developed specifically to target the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) but proved effective in early trials against COVID-19 caused by the [[SARS-CoV-2]] virus.<ref name="Malek2021">{{Cite journal | last = Malek | first = Rory J. | last2 = Bill | first2 = Colin A. | last3 = Vines | first3 = Charlotte M. | date = 2021-12-01 | title = Clinical drug therapies and biologicals currently used or in clinical trial to treat COVID-19|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S075333222101060X|journal=Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy|language=en|volume=144|pages=112276|doi=10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112276|issn=0753-3322}}</ref> Molnupiravir targets the virus by introducing copy errors as it replicates.<ref name="emc" /> It breaks down to n-hydroxycytidine (NHC) in the body, and is then metabolised to NHC-TP.<ref name="emc" /> ==Evidence== There is no evidence yet of the use of molnupiravir in patients with [[ME/CFS]]. ==Clinicians== ==Risks and safety== Molnupiravir was approved for emergency use in the United Kingdom for mild or moderate [[COVID-19]] in people with at least one risk factor for severe disease during late 2021.<ref name="drugbank" /><ref name="govuk" /> Side effects in adults taking molnupiravir for COVID-19 for the recommended 5 days included [[diarrhea]], [[nausea]], [[dizziness]], and [[headache]]s which were either mild or moderate, but this was based on a trial of less than 400 people.<ref name="emc">{{Cite web|url=https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/13044 | title = Lagevrio 200 mg hard capsules - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) | last = | first = | authorlink = | date = | website = Electronic Medicines Compendium|url-access=limited|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2021-11-07}}</ref> Based on drug chemistry, interactions with other drugs are not expected.<ref name="emc" /> ==Costs and availability== Molnupiravir is not yet FDA-approved, although approval is likely in 2022. The [[European Medicines Agency]] is conducting a rolling review of molnupiravir for COVID-19 and if had been approved by the UK's Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency.<ref name="govuk" /><ref name="ema">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/covid-19-ema-starts-rolling-review-molnupiravir | title = Covid-19: EMA starts rolling review of molnupiravir | last = | first = | authorlink = | date = 2021 | website = European Medicines Agency|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}</ref> Molnupiravir is taken orally.<ref name="Mahase" /><ref name="daily-pill">{{Cite web|url=https://www.webmd.com/vaccines/covid-19-vaccine/news/20210924/a-daily-pill-to-treat-covid-could-be-just-months-away-scientists-say | title = A Pill to Treat COVID Could Be Just Months Away|website=WebMD|language=en|access-date=2021-10-26}}</ref> ==Articles and news== *Sep 2021, [https://www.webmd.com/vaccines/covid-19-vaccine/news/20210924/a-daily-pill-to-treat-covid-could-be-just-months-away-scientists-say A Daily Pill to treat Covid could be just Months Away Scientists Say] - WebMD ==Notable studies == ==See also== *[[Virus]] ==Learn more== *[https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB15661 Molnupiravir] - DrugBank *[https://www.drugs.com/history/molnupiravir.html Molnupiravir] - drugs.com ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Potential treatments]] [[Category:Antivirals]]
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