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Mast cell activation syndrome
(section)
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===Summary=== {| class="wikitable" !Name !Type !Form !Availability !Mechanism of action !Notes |- |[[Loratadine|Claritin (Loratadine)]] |H1 Blocker | |OTC | |Low anticholinergic activity. Not sedating. |- |[[Diphenhydramine|Benadryl]] |H1 Blocker |Oral and IV |OTC, prescription | |Sedating. |- |[[Cimetidine|Tagament]] (Cimetidine) |H2 Blocker | | | | |- |[[Famotidine|Pepcid]] (Famotidine) |H2 Blocker | | | | |- |[[Nizatidine|Axid]] (Nizatidine) |H2 Blocker | | | | |- |[[Ranitidine|Zantac]] (Ranitidine) |H2 Blocker |Oral, injection, IV |Withdrawn from market in US<ref name="zantac">{{Cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/zantac.html | title = Zantac | last = | first = | date = |website=drugs.com|language=en-US|access-date=2021-02-16}}</ref> | | |- |[[Cetirizine|Zyrtec]] |H1 blocker | |OTC | |Not sedating. |- |[[Fexofenadine|Allegra]] (Fexofenadine) |H1 blocker | | | |Not sedating. |- |[[Ketotifen]] (Zaditor/Zaditen, Zyrtec Itchy Eye Drops) |H1 Blocker, mast cell stabilizer<ref name="k-eyedrops" /><ref name="k-oral" /> |Oral, eye drops.<ref name="k-eyedrops">{{Cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/ketotifen.html | title = Ketotifen Monograph for Professionals|website=Drugs.com | date = |access-date=2022-04-05}}</ref><ref name="k-oral" /> |Perscription or OTC.<ref name="k-oral">{{Cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/cons/ketotifen.html | title = Ketotifen (Oral)|website=Drugs.com | date = Oct 26, 2021|access-date=2022-04-05}}</ref><ref name="k-eyedrops" /> | |Not sedating. |- |[[Quercetin]] | | |OTC | | |- |[[Diamine oxidase]] |Enzyme normally produced by the body | | |Breaks down histamine. Especially found in gut and placenta. | |- |[[Omalizumab]] (Xolair) |Antibody and mast cell stabilizer.<ref name="OmalizumabSP">{{Cite book | title = Omalizumab | date = Feb 20, 2022|publisher=StatPearls Publishing|location=Treasure Island (FL)|first = Calvin | last = Kumar | first2 = Patrick M. | last2 = Zito|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545183/|access-date=2022-04-05}}</ref> | |Prescription<ref name="Xolairdrugs">{{Cite web | title = Omalizumab|url=https://www.drugs.com/omalizumab.html | date = Feb 20, 2022 | website = drugs.com|access-date=2022-04-05}}</ref> | | |- |[[Vitamin C]] | | |OTC |Inhibits mast cell production and degranulation; increases diamine oxidase; breaks down histamine. |Sustained release version is recommended<ref name="Primer2021">{{Cite journal | title = Mast Cell Activation Syndrome: A Primer for the Gastroenterologist | date = Apr 2021|url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10620-020-06264-9|journal=Digestive Diseases and Sciences|volume=66|issue=4 | pages = 965β982 | last = Weinstock|first = Leonard B. | last2 = Pace | first2 = Laura A. | last3 = Rezaie | first3 = Ali | last4 = Afrin | first4 = Lawrence B. | last5 = Molderings | first5 = Gerhard J.|language=en|doi=10.1007/s10620-020-06264-9|issn=0163-2116}}</ref> |- |[[Magnesium]] | | |OTC |Co-factor in diamine oxidase |<ref name="TMS-meds" /> |- |[[Prednisone]] |Corticosteroid |Oral, injection |Prescription | | |}
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