Long COVID pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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=== Infection and immunity === | === Infection and immunity === | ||
A range of [[Antibody|antibodies]] have been found in patients with persistent post-acute COVID symptoms. Elevated G-protein coupled receptor autoantibodies have been found.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2021-01-01|title=Functional autoantibodies against G-protein coupled receptors in patients with persistent Long-COVID-19 symptoms|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589909021000204|journal=Journal of Translational Autoimmunity|language=en|volume=4|pages=100100|doi=10.1016/j.jtauto.2021.100100|issn=2589-9090}}</ref> One study founded elevated [[antinuclear antibody]] (ANA) titles in 43.6% of long COVID patients twelve months after symptom onset.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Seeßle|first=Jessica|last2=Waterboer|first2=Tim|last3=Hippchen|first3=Theresa|last4=Simon|first4=Julia|last5=Kirchner|first5=Marietta|last6=Lim|first6=Adeline|last7=Müller|first7=Barbara|last8=Merle|first8=Uta|date=2021-07-05|title=Persistent symptoms in adult patients one year after COVID-19: a prospective cohort study|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab611|journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases|issue=ciab611|doi=10.1093/cid/ciab611|issn=1058-4838}}</ref> | |||
=== Neurological and neuropsychiatric === | === Neurological and neuropsychiatric === | ||
=== Cardiovascular === | === Cardiovascular === | ||
=== Pulmonary === | |||
== Comparison to other conditions == | == Comparison to other conditions == | ||
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=== Traumatic Brain Injury === | === Traumatic Brain Injury === | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Findings | |||
!Long COVID | !Long COVID | ||
!Post-acute SARS | !Post-acute SARS | ||
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!MCAS | !MCAS | ||
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|G-protein coupled receptor autoantibodies | |||
|β2- and α1-adrenoceptors, angiotensin II AT1-, muscarinic M2-, MAS-, nociceptin- and ETA-receptors | |||
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|M3 and M4 [[Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor|muscarinic acetylcholine receptors]], as well as ß2 [[Adrenergic receptor|adrenergic receptors]] | |||
|α1, β1 and β2 adrenergic receptor autoantibodies | |||
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Revision as of 14:29, August 11, 2021
Long COVID, long tail covid, Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), post-acute COVID-19 and ongoing COVID are terms used to describe a group of long term health problems that are found in a significant minority of people who developed COVID-19 and remain ill a number of weeks or months later.
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
Infection and immunity[edit | edit source]
A range of antibodies have been found in patients with persistent post-acute COVID symptoms. Elevated G-protein coupled receptor autoantibodies have been found.[1] One study founded elevated antinuclear antibody (ANA) titles in 43.6% of long COVID patients twelve months after symptom onset.[2]
Neurological and neuropsychiatric[edit | edit source]
Cardiovascular[edit | edit source]
Pulmonary[edit | edit source]
Comparison to other conditions[edit | edit source]
Post-acute SARS[edit | edit source]
ME/CFS[edit | edit source]
POTS[edit | edit source]
MCAS[edit | edit source]
Alzheimer’s[edit | edit source]
Traumatic Brain Injury[edit | edit source]
| Findings | Long COVID | Post-acute SARS | ME/CFS | POTS | MCAS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G-protein coupled receptor autoantibodies | β2- and α1-adrenoceptors, angiotensin II AT1-, muscarinic M2-, MAS-, nociceptin- and ETA-receptors | M3 and M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, as well as ß2 adrenergic receptors | α1, β1 and β2 adrenergic receptor autoantibodies | ||
See also[edit | edit source]
Learn more[edit | edit source]
- Long COVID Resource Hub (database of Long COVID research)
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Functional autoantibodies against G-protein coupled receptors in patients with persistent Long-COVID-19 symptoms". Journal of Translational Autoimmunity. 4: 100100. January 1, 2021. doi:10.1016/j.jtauto.2021.100100. ISSN 2589-9090.
- ↑ Seeßle, Jessica; Waterboer, Tim; Hippchen, Theresa; Simon, Julia; Kirchner, Marietta; Lim, Adeline; Müller, Barbara; Merle, Uta (July 5, 2021). "Persistent symptoms in adult patients one year after COVID-19: a prospective cohort study". Clinical Infectious Diseases (ciab611). doi:10.1093/cid/ciab611. ISSN 1058-4838.
