How to check DNA data for certain genes: Difference between revisions

From MEpedia, a crowd-sourced encyclopedia of ME and CFS science and history
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|}<ref name="snpedia-lactose">{{Cite web|url=https://www.snpedia.com/index.php/Lactose_intolerance|title=Lactose intolerance|last=|first=|authorlink=|last2=|first2=|authorlink2=|date=|website=www.snpedia.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2021-04-11}}</ref>
|}<ref name="snpedia-lactose">{{Cite web|url=https://www.snpedia.com/index.php/Lactose_intolerance|title=Lactose intolerance|last=|first=|authorlink=|last2=|first2=|authorlink2=|date=|website=www.snpedia.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2021-04-11}}</ref>


===Understanding the results ===
===What to look for===
'''Europeans populations'''
'''Europeans populations'''
*rs4988235 (T) and rs182549 (A) alleles, form a haplotype predicting lactase persistence (thus avoiding lactose intolerance) in 77% of Europeans studied. [PMID 11788828, PMID 15114531]
*rs4988235 (T) and rs182549 (A) alleles, form a haplotype predicting lactase persistence (thus avoiding lactose intolerance) in 77% of Europeans studied. [PMID 11788828, PMID 15114531]
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It is typical to have only results from some populations, so while it might be possible to have the gene variants above, it could be that there are others more relevant to you. Genetic analysis is based on findings from current research, which is added to regularly.
It is typical to have only results from some populations, so while it might be possible to have the gene variants above, it could be that there are others more relevant to you. Genetic analysis is based on findings from current research, which is added to regularly.


Lactose intolerance is considered "normal" in the human population, so "lactose persistence", meaning the ability to properly digest dairy and lactose products is what is considered a "mutation". If none of the lactose persistence variants listed are present then it means you are highly likely to have lactose intolerance.<ref name="SNPedia-lactose" /><ref name="snpedia-lactose" />
Lactose intolerance is considered "normal" in the human population, so "lactose persistence", meaning the ability to properly digest dairy and lactose products is what is considered a "mutation". If none of the lactose persistence variants listed are present then it means you are highly likely to have lactose intolerance.<ref name="snpedia-lactose" />
 
===Understanding the results ===
<ref name="snpedia-lactose" />


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 01:19, April 11, 2021

Simple genetic testing services like those from 23andMe and Ancestry DNA provide you with raw genetic data, and this data can be opened and examined to see if you have certain gene variants or mutations, for instance those more likely to be found in people with ME/CFS, or for other issues like food sensitivities including lactose intolerance.

Get a DNA test[edit | edit source]

  1. Simple home based saliva tests are available from companies like 23andMe and Ancestry DNA, which provide results to an account the person create with them on the internet.
  2. The person spits into a tube and posts it, and some weeks later they are notified that their data is ready for them on the company's website.
  3. Companies typically profile some free analysis, such as which counties or areas your ancestors are most likely to have come from.
  4. There will be an option to download your "raw data". This is a very large, human readable and computer readable file. They advice you to keep it very secure. If you can't find the option for this look in the "Help" area on the website of the company that analysed your data.
  5. There are often options to pass more for a more detailed health report. Due to a lack of studies, the science is unclear with ME/CFS due to a limited number of studies, and very recent studies may not be included, so this may not be what you might hope for. It may cover well-known illnesses with a genetic link such as breast cancer or Parkinson's disease.

Understanding the raw data[edit | edit source]

Each gene variant or mutation has an ID number assigned to it, beginning with rs, e.g., rs4988235.

Besides this ID, there are also alleles, which are pairs of letters (e.g., T A, A T)

Lactose intolerance[edit | edit source]

An example, this is the information needed to work out if you are likely to have lactose persistent or lactose intolerance.

Gene ID Alleles Notes
Example Example Example Example
Example Example Example Example
Example Example Example Example
Example Example Example Example
Example Example Example Example
Example Example Example Example

[1]

What to look for[edit | edit source]

Europeans populations

  • rs4988235 (T) and rs182549 (A) alleles, form a haplotype predicting lactase persistence (thus avoiding lactose intolerance) in 77% of Europeans studied. [PMID 11788828, PMID 15114531]

Sub-Saharan African populations

  • rs145946881, known as "G/C-14010", is associated with lactase persistence in
  • rs41380347 T/G(-13915) less associated.
  • rs41525747 C/G(-13907) less associated. [PMID 17159977, PMID 23029545]

Other ethic backgrounds It is typical to have only results from some populations, so while it might be possible to have the gene variants above, it could be that there are others more relevant to you. Genetic analysis is based on findings from current research, which is added to regularly.

Lactose intolerance is considered "normal" in the human population, so "lactose persistence", meaning the ability to properly digest dairy and lactose products is what is considered a "mutation". If none of the lactose persistence variants listed are present then it means you are highly likely to have lactose intolerance.[1]

Understanding the results[edit | edit source]

[1]

See also[edit | edit source]

Learn more[edit | edit source]

  • Navigating Your Raw Data - 23andMS
  • [1] Best raw data upload websites
  • SNPedia - find the ID numbers (rs numbers) for different genes, and what research each gene is linked to
  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Lactose intolerance". www.snpedia.com. Retrieved April 11, 2021.