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Gulf War Illness
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== Symptoms == The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs has a list on Gulf War Veterans' Medically Unexplained Illnesses.<ref name="VA-MUS" /> *[[ME/CFS|Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic fatigue syndrome]] ([[ME/CFS]]) with long-term severe [[fatigue]]. *[[Fibromyalgia]] characterized by chronic widespread [[myalgia|muscle pain]] and may include [[insomnia]], morning stiffness, [[headache]], and [[memory problems]].<ref name="VA-MUS">{{Cite web | url=https://www.publichealth.va.gov/exposures/gulfwar/medically-unexplained-illness.asp | title = Gulf War Veterans' Medically Unexplained Illnesses - Public Health | last = | first = |website=U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration|language=en|access-date=2018-08-24}}</ref> === Functional gastrointestinal disorders === A group of conditions marked by chronic or recurrent symptoms related to any part of the [[Gastrointestinal system|gastrointestinal tract]]. Functional condition refers to an abnormal function of an organ, without a structural alteration in the tissues. *functional [[abdominal pain]] syndrome *functional [[dyspepsia]] (indigestion) *[[irritable bowel syndrome]]<ref name="VA-MUS" /><ref name="VA-MUS"/> === Undiagnosed illnesses === These symptoms may be connected to undiagnosed illnesses. *abnormal [[weight loss]] *[[cardiovascular]] disease *[[fatigue]] *[[headache]] *[[joint pain]] *[[menstrual disorder]]s *[[Myalgia|muscle pain]] *[[Nervous system|neurological]] and [[mental health|psychological problems]] *respiratory disorders *skin conditions *[[sleep dysfunction]]<ref name="VA-MUS" /> === Other symptoms === * [[dizziness]] * [[memory problems]]<ref name="VA-MUS" /> === Multisystem condition === In March 2003, New Scientist magazine's print edition reported on Dr. Robert Haley and his team identifying three distinct syndromes in Gulf war veterans that involved [[brain]] damage. * ''Syndrome 1'': Symptoms are [[Cognitive impairment|impaired cognition]], distractions, and [[insomnia]] from the exposure of pesticide with [[basal ganglia]] damage. * ''Syndrome 2'': The symptoms are [[confusion]], disorientation, [[ataxia]], and [[vertigo]] due to exposure to sarin and pyridostigmine with damage to the [[brainstem]] and basal ganglia. * ''Syndrome 3'': Symptoms are [[pain]], [[paresthesia|tingling]], and [[numbness]] from exposure to DEET and [[Mestinon|pyridostigmine]] with damage to the brainstem.<ref name="NS2018">{{Cite news | url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn6609-us-in-u-turn-over-gulf-war-syndrome/ | title = US in U-turn over Gulf war syndrome | last = MacKenzie | first = Deborah | date = Nov 3, 2004|work=New Scientist|access-date=2018-08-26|archive-url=|archive-date=|language=en-US}}</ref> 175,000 of 700,000 US Gulf War personnel are affected by the brain damage syndromes categorized by Dr. Haley and 75,000 are ill due to other exposures; in total 250,000 are chronically ill with GWI.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web | url=https://youtu.be/OYKMMbPp_Do?t=546 | title = Dr. Robert Haley, What Caused Gulf War Illness | last = Haley | first = Robert | date = May 6, 2013 | website = YouTube| publisher = David Spencer|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref><ref name="NS2018" /><ref name="VA-GWI">{{Cite web | url=https://www.publichealth.va.gov/exposures/gulfwar/sources/index.asp | title = Gulf War Exposures|website=U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration|language=en|access-date=2018-08-26}}</ref>
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