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Gancyclovir
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'''Gancyclovir''' (brand name '''Cytovene''') is an [[antiviral]] drug with activity against [[cytomegalovirus]].{{Citation needed}} A 2014 study in mice suggested gancyclovir reduced [[microglia]]l activation;<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Ding | first = Zhaoqing | authorlink = Zhaoqing Ding | last2 = Mathur | first2 = Vidhu | authorlink2 = Vidhu Mathur | last3 = Ho | first3 = Peggy P. | authorlink3 = Peggy Ho | last4 = James | first4 = Michelle L. | authorlink4 = Michelle James | last5 = Lucin | first5 = Kurt M. | authorlink5 = Kurt Lucin | last6 = Hoehne | first6 = Aileen | last7 = Alabsi | first7 = Haitham | last8 = Gambhir | first8 = Sanjiv S. | last9 = Steinman | first9 = Lawrence | date = 2014-02-10 | title = Antiviral drug ganciclovir is a potent inhibitor of microglial proliferation and neuroinflammation | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24493798|journal=The Journal of Experimental Medicine|volume=211|issue=2 | pages = 189β198|doi=10.1084/jem.20120696|issn=1540-9538|pmc=3920559|pmid=24493798|quote=|via= | authorlink6 = Aileen Hoehne | author-link8 = Haitham Alabsi | author-link8 = Sanjiv Gambhir | author-link9 = Lawrence Steinman}}</ref> however follow-up mice studies and [[In vitro studies|in vitro research]] found it did not have this effect.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Skripuletz | first = Thomas | author-link = Thomas Skripuletz | last2 = Salinas Tejedor | first2 = Laura | authorlink2 = Laura Salinas Tejedor | last3 = Prajeeth | first3 = Chittappen K. | authorlink3 = Chittappen Prajeeth | last4 = Hansmann | first4 = Florian | authorlink4 = Florian Hansmann | last5 = Chhatbar | first5 = Chintan | authorlink5 = Chintan Chhatbar | last6 = Kucman | first6 = Valeria | last7 = Zhang | first7 = Ning | last8 = Raddatz | first8 = Barbara B. | last9 = Detje | first9 = Claudia N. | date = 2015-10-08 | title = The antiviral drug ganciclovir does not inhibit microglial proliferation and activation | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4597339/|journal=Scientific Reports|volume=5|issue= | pages = |doi=10.1038/srep14935|issn=2045-2322|pmc=4597339|pmid=26447351|quote=|via= | authorlink6 = Valeria Kucman | author-link8 = Ning Zhang | author-link8 = Barbara Raddatz | author-link9 = Claudia Detje}}</ref> The authors of the 2014 paper later published a follow-up paper (2017) based on in vitro and [[In vivo studies|in vivo]] experiments using ganciclovir. This time they found a potentially pro-inflammatory response, specifically that ganciclovir, in sufficient doses, might stimulate a type-I [[interferon]] response in microglia. The authors attributed this response to a [[DNA]]-sensing protein called [[STING]]. While this result might appear to contradict their earlier anti-[[Neuroinflammation|neuroinflammatory]] finding, they suggest it could indicate ganciclovir (GCV) "can exhibit dual function in microglia [...]: in naΓ―ve state, GCV induces microglia to be 'primed'; on the other hand, GCV reduces inflammation in active microglia."<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Mathur | first = Vidhu | author-link = Vidhu Mathur | last2 = Burai | first2 = Ritwik | authorlink2 = Ritwik Burai | last3 = Vest | first3 = Ryan T. | authorlink3 = Ryan Vest | last4 = Bonanno | first4 = Liana N. | authorlink4 = Liana Bonanno | last5 = Lehallier | first5 = Benoit | authorlink5 = Benoit Lehallier | last6 = Zardeneta | first6 = Macy | authorlink6 = Macy Zardeneta | last7 = Mistry | first7 = Karishma N. | author-link8 = Karishma Mistry | last8 = Do | first8 = Danny | author-link8 = Danny Do | last9 = Marsh | first9 = Samuel E. | author-link9 = Samuel Marsh | date = 2017-12-20 | title = Activation of the STING-dependent type I interferon response reduces microglial reactivity and neuroinflammation | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5806703/|journal=Neuron|volume=96|issue=6 | pages = 1290β1302.e6|doi=10.1016/j.neuron.2017.11.032|issn=0896-6273|pmc=5806703|pmid=29268096|quote=|via=}}</ref> [[Category:Potential treatments]] [[Category:Antivirals]] == See also == * [[Valganciclovir]] == References == {{Reflist}}{{stub}}
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