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File:Enterovirus VP1 & dsRNA in stomach, Chia 2015. 400px.png
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===Description === Stomach tissue samples (stained brown) to detect non-cytolytic enterovirus in patients with functional dyspepsia.<br> From the article:<br> Figure 1. Staining for VP1 and dsRNA in stomach biopsies of two functional dyspepsia patients. Panels A and B demonstrate positive staining for VP 1 with 5D8/1 mAb and dsRNA with J2 mAb, respectively for patient 1 (brown colored cells, 100Γ magnification); panels C and D showed the same for patient 2.<br> Results: At the time of EGD, careful inspection of the stomach of FD patients with or without ME/CFS, demonstrated focal or rarely diffuse, erythematous areas in the antrum in approximately 80% of patients, and less often in the body/fundus of the stomach. Microscopic examinations demonstrated minimal or mild chronic inflammation in more than 95% of biopsy samples but H. pylori was identified in less than 5% of samples by immunochemical staining.Immunoperoxidase staining demonstrated enterovirus VP1 in 343/416 (82%) and 53/66 (83%) of the stomach biopsies from FD patients with and without ME/CFS, respectively, and dsRNA in 268/ 416 (64%) and 41/65 (63%) in the two patient cohorts, respectively (Figure 1). 9/47 (19%) and 5/46 (11%) of the controls stained positive for VP1 and dsRNA, respectively (p < 0.01, Ο2 test with Yates correction).<br> Functional dyspepsia (FD) patients with and without the diagnosis of ME/CFS, and were able to support the viral protein staining with finding of double-stranded RNA in 63% of the same stomach biopsies by immunoperoxidase staining. Furthermore, we clarified the possible cross-reaction with creatine kinase brain subtype (CKB), present in parietal cells, using antibody competition experiments and western blot analysis of stomach proteins. Viral protein+ and dsRNA+ biopsies were infectious in SCID mice. More research is needed to elucidate the mechanism of enterovirus infection of the stomach associated with FD and chronic gastritis. ===Author=== Chia, J.K., Chia, A. Y., Wang, D., & El-Habbal, R. (2015). [http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=55465&#abstract Functional Dyspepsia and Chronic Gastritis Associated with Enteroviruses.] Open Journal of Gastroenterology. 5(4):21.<ref name="Chia2015">{{Cite journal | last =Chia | first = John K.|author-link=John Chia | last2 = Chia | first2 = Andrew Y. | author-link2 = Andrew Chia | last3 = Wang | first3 = David | author-link3 = | last4 = El-Habbal | first4 = Rabiha | author-link4 = | date = 2015-04-09 | title = Functional Dyspepsia and Chronic Gastritis Associated with Enteroviruses|url=http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=55465&#abstract|journal=Open Journal of Gastroenterology|language=en|volume=05|issue=04|pages=21|doi=10.4236/ojgas.2015.54005|pmc=|pmid=|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref> Fig. 1.<br> doi:10.4236/ojgas.2015.54005. ===Source=== http://file.scirp.org/Html/2-1900264_55465.htm {{CC-by-4.0}} ==References == {{Reflist}}
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