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===United States=== ''Please Note'': The following is NOT legal advice and it should not be relied upon in taking steps for a disability case. Only the [[Social Security Administration]] (SSA) and a disability lawyer can provide the most up to date and the correct legal avenue for bringing a disability case. In the [[ United States| US]], SSI and SSD benefits are available for fibromyalgia. Generally, for SSI/SSD, notes and tests from a ''Primary Provider'' '''may''' be allowed for submission (if a specialist has reviewed the tests) but specialists] such as a rheumatologist, neurologist, psychiatrist, etc. are required for diagnosis, ongoing treatment, and completing SSI/SSD paperwork.{{Citation needed | date = Mar 2021}} The SSA now accepts a [[Fibromyalgia#Diagnosis diagnosis of fibromyalgia]] with the 1990<ref name="criteria1990">{{Cite journal| url = https://www.rheumatology.org/Portals/0/Files/1990_Criteria_for_Classification_Fibro.pdf | title=The American College of Rheumatology Criteria for the Classification of Fibromyalgia|journal =Arthritis & Rheumatism: Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology|volume =33 | issue = 2| pages = 160-172 | last = Wolfe | first = Frederick | last2 = Smythe | first2 = Hugh | date = 1990|others=Micha Abeles; Patricia Clark; Adel Fam; Stephen Farber; Justus Fiechtner; Michael Franklin; Robert Gatter; Daniel Hamaty; James Lessard; Alan Lightbroun; Alfonse Masi; Glenn McCain, W. John Reynolds; Thomas Romano; Jon Russell; Robert Sheon|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date= | last3 = Yunus | first3 = Muhammad | last4 = Bennett | first4 = Robert | last5 = Bombardier | first5 = Claire | last6 = Goldenberg | first6 = Don | last7 = Tugwell | first7 = Peter | last8 = Campbell | first8 = Stephen}}</ref><ref name="severity2010">{{Cite journal | last = Wolfe | first = Frederick | author-link = Frederick Wolfe | last2 = Clauw | first2 = Daniel | authorlink2 = Daniel Clauw | last3 = Fitzcharles | first3 = Mary Ann | authorlink3 = Mary Ann Fitzcharles | last4 = Goldenberg | first4 = Don | authorlink4 = Don Goldenberg | last5 = Katz | first5 = Robert | authorlink5 = Robert Katz | last6 = Mease | first6 = Phillip | authorlink6 = Philip Mease | last7 = Russell | first7 = Anthony | author-link8 = Anthony Russell | last8 = Russell | first8 = Jon | author-link8 = I. Jon Russell | last9 = Winfield | first9 = John | author-link9 = John Winfield | date = 2010 | last10 = Yunus | first10 = Muhammad | title = The American College of Rheumatology Preliminary Diagnostic Criteria for Fibromyalgia and Measurement of Symptom Severity| url = https://www.rheumatology.org/Portals/0/Files/2010_Preliminary_Diagnostic_Criteria.pdf | journal=Arthritis Care & Research| publisher = American College of Rheumatology|volume=62|issue=5 | pages = 600-610|quote=|via=}}</ref><ref name="criteriaexcerpt">{{Cite web | url = https://www.rheumatology.org/Portals/0/Files/2010%20Fibromyalgia%20Diagnostic%20Criteria_Excerpt.pdf | title=2010 Fibromyalgia Diagnostic Criteria - Excerpt | date = 2010 | website = American College of Rheumatology| page=2|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}</ref> or 2010<ref name="ACR-RIA">{{Cite web | url = https://www.fibroknowledge.com/sites/default/files/downloads/file/2010_ACR_CRITERIA.pdf | title=American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Preliminary Diagnostic Criteria for Fibromyalgia | last = | first = | date = 2010 | website = fibroknowledge.com|type=PDF|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}</ref><ref name="severity2010" />[[American College of Rheumatology]] (ACR) criteria.<ref name="SSA2012-ruling">{{Cite web | url = https://www.ssa.gov/OP_Home/rulings/di/01/SSR2012-02-di-01.html | title = Social Security Ruling: SSR 12-2p | last = ORDP | last2 = OPPS | first = | date = Jul 25, 2012 | website = ssa.gov|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2018-08-09}}</ref> ==== SSI/SSD information and help ==== *[https://www.socialsecurity.gov/OP_Home/rulings/di/01/SSR2012-02-di-01.html Fibromyalgia: Policy Interpretation Ruling - Social Security]<ref name="SSA2012-ruling" /> *[http://www.disabilitysecrets.com/social_security_disability_fibromyalgia.html Social Security Disability (SSDI & SSI) for Fibromyalgia - Disability Secrets] *[http://www.mdjunction.com/fibromyalgia/fibromyalgia-disability Fibromyalgia Disability] *[http://fibromyalgia.newlifeoutlook.com/fibromyalgia-disability-benefits/ Applying for Disability With Fibromyalgia] :One patient's success of applying, denial, successful appeal, and a breakdown of what SSI/SSD requires for the medical determination of a favorable decision of disability. For documentation of symptoms and co-morbidities of an FM diagnosis, you and your doctor should consider the following examinations and tests: ==== Examinations and tests ==== Not every test will be recommended by your doctor or be necessary if patient is not exhibiting certain symptoms.[[File:Whole body bone scan.jpg|200px|thumb|right|A whole body bone scan (Bone scintigraphy) is a nuclear medicine test. '''Arthritis''', avascular necrosis, bone cancers, cancers that have spread to the bone, fibrous dysplasia, fractures, infection involving the bone, and Pagets disease can be diagnosed using this scan.<ref>{{Cite news |url =https://www.healthline.com/health/bone-scan#purpose | title = Bone Scan: Purpose, Procedure, and Risks | last = Krans | first = Brian | date = Dec 13, 2017|work=Healthline|access-date=2018-08-21|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|language=en}}</ref>]] <embedvideo service="youtube" dimensions="400" alignment="right" container="frame" description="''Bone Scan'' This video shows what people may experience when they are having a bones scan. By MFTNHS (2015)">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfppkSYFgYg</embedvideo> ===== Fibromyaglia diagnostic examination ===== :*[http://www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Health-Care-Team/What-is-a-Rheumatologist Rheumatologist] examination and [[Fibromyalgia#Diagnosis|diagnosis of FM]].<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://fibromyalgia-symptoms.org/fibromyalgia_rheumatologist.html | title = Finding a Fibromyalgia Specialist: Rheumatologists|website=Fibromyalgia-Symptoms.org|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url = https://fibromyalgia.newlifeoutlook.com/do-rheumatologists-treat-fibromyalgia/ | title = Rheumatologist Fibromyalgia: Do Rheumatologists Treat Fibromyalgia? | date = 2013-12-31 | website = NewLifeOutlook {{!}} Fibromyalgia|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> (Consider having a rheumatologist order tests and coordinate referrals of other specialists for examinations and testing. Only specialists can complete Social Security paperwork. A primary doctor cannot complete disability paperwork but ''may'' be able to forward test results they have ordered if a specialist has reviewed them.) ===== Arthritis ===== :*Whole body bone scan (bone scintigraphy) to rule out treatable [[arthritis]]. ===== Blood tests ===== ====== FM/a<sup>®</sup> blood test ====== :* '''[http://fmtest.com/ FM/a<sup>®</sup> Test]'''<ref name="EpicGenetics">{{Cite web | url = http://fmtest.com/ | title = Home | last = |website=EpicGenetics' FM/a® Test is FDA-compliant and has successfully diagnosed patients with fibromyalgia since 2012.|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> is a blood test to diagnose Fibromyalgia <blockquote>EpicGenetics' FM/a<sup>®</sup> Test is an FDA-compliant blood test that has been in use since 2012 and has successfully diagnosed patients with fibromyalgia from around the world. This simple blood test recognizes the immune system’s multi-biomarkers which are unique to fibromyalgia.<ref name="EpicGenetics" /> </blockquote> :*Routine blood tests for [[diabetes]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.adwdiabetes.com/articles/chronic-fatigue-fibromyalgia-and-diabetes | title = Chronic Fatigue, Fibromyalgia and Diabetes | last = | first = | date = 2015-09-01 | website = ADW Diabetes|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> (fasting sugar/glucose, A1C) and a full [[thyroid disease]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-thyroid-fibromyalgia-connection-3231681 | title = The Connection Between Hypothyroidism and Fibromyalgia | last = Fogoros | first = Richard N. | authorlink = | last2 = Shomon | first2 = Mary | authorlink2 = | date = Jan 22, 2019 | website = Verywell Health|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> panel ([[Thyroid-stimulating_hormone|TSH]], T3, Free T3, T4, and Free T4). :*Rule out [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[lupus]], [[lyme disease]] and other diseases that can share some of the same symptoms of fibromyalgia and may be treatable.<ref>{{Cite news |url =https://www.webmd.com/fibromyalgia/guide/fibromyalgia-diagnosis-and-misdiagnosis#1-3 | title = How Is Fibromyalgia Diagnosed?|work=WebMD|access-date=2018-08-12|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="parasites" /> :*Vitamin and mineral deficiencies such as [[Vitamin B12|Vitamin B12]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.verywellhealth.com/b12-for-fibromyalgia-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-715792 | title = Can B12 Help With Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome? | last = Hughes | first = Grant | authorlink = Adrienne Dellwo | last2 = MD | first2 = | authorlink2 = | date = Nov 16, 2018 | website = Verywell Health|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url = https://fibromyalgianewstoday.com/2017/02/10/vitamin-b12-deficiency-affect-fibromyalgia/ | title = Vitamin B12 Deficiency Could Affect Your Fibromyalgia | last = Dix | first = Robin | date = 2017-02-10 | website = Fibromyalgia News Today|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> and [[vitamin D]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.vitamindcouncil.org/health-conditions/fibromyalgia/ | title = Vitamin D and fibromyalgia|website=Vitamin D Council|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> can affect fibromyalgia and is treatable with over-the-counter supplements and prescription medications, which might improve [[fatigue]] and [[pain]]. ===== Gastrointestinal ===== :*[[Irritable bowel syndrome]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.news-medical.net/health/Fibromyalgia-and-Small-Intestinal-Bacterial-Overgrowth-(SIBO).aspx | title = Fibromyalgia and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | last = Tweed | first = Katherine | authorlink = | date = 2017-10-17 | website = News-Medical.net|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.news-medical.net/health/Irritable-Bowel-Syndrome-(IBS)-and-Fibromyalgia.aspx | title = Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Fibromyalgia | last = Mandal | first = Ananya | authorlink = | date = 2013-03-19 | website = News-Medical.net|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> diagnosis which may require a blood test, [http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/endoscopy/basics/definition/PRC-20020363 upper endoscopy] to rule out [[celiac disease]],<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.verywellhealth.com/gluten-intolerance-fibromyalgia-715771 | title = Gluten Intolerance in Fibromyalgia & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | last = Hughes | first = Grant | authorlink = Adrienne Dellwo | last2 = MD | first2 = | authorlink2 = | date = Jun 8, 2018 | website = Verywell Health|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.prohealth.com/library/celiac-symptoms-in-fibromyalgia-patients-33383 | title = Celiac Symptoms in Fibromyalgia Patients | last = Garcia-Leiva | first = Juan Miguel | authorlink = | date = 2014-08-15 | website = Prohealth|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> and fecal tests to check for bacteria ([[SIBO]])<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.news-medical.net/health/Fibromyalgia-and-Small-Intestinal-Bacterial-Overgrowth-(SIBO).aspx | title = Fibromyalgia and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | last = Thomas | first = Liji | authorlink = | date = 2017-10-17 | website = News-Medical.net|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> and [http://www.umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/condition/intestinal-parasites intestinal parasites].<ref name="parasites">{{Cite web | url = https://www.news-medical.net/health/Common-Conditions-that-Mimic-Fibromyalgia.aspx | title = Common Conditions that Mimic Fibromyalgia | last = Mandal | first = Ananya | authorlink = | date = 2013-06-25 | website = News-Medical.net|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> ===== Mental health and cognition ===== <embedvideo service="youtube" dimensions="400" alignment="right" container="frame" description="''Tilt Table Test'' This interactive video explains what you can expect during the tilt table test. By eMedTV (2009)">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5H5FZTAic7c</embedvideo> :* Psychiatric evaluation as any [[depression]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.webmd.com/fibromyalgia/fibromyalgia-and-depression | title = Fibromyalgia and Depression|website=WebMD|language=en|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref><ref name="ADAA">{{Cite web | url = https://adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/related-illnesses/other-related-conditions/fibromyalgia | title = Fibromyalgia |website = Anxiety and Depression Association of America, ADAA|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> and [[anxiety]]<ref name="ADAA" /><ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.calmclinic.com/anxiety/symptoms/fibromyalgia | title = How Are Anxiety and Fibromyalgia Connected? | last = Sher | first = Daniel | authorlink = | date = | website = calmclinic.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> should be treated. :* [[Cognitive dysfunction]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Fibro-Fog-Fibromyalgia-and-Cognitive-Dysfunction.aspx | title = What is Fibro Fog? - Fibromyalgia and Cognitive Dysfunction | last = Mandal | first = Ananya | authorlink = | date = 2013-06-03 | website = News-Medical.net|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url = https://fibromyalgianewstoday.com/2017/06/20/fibromyalgia-fibro-fog-and-cognitive-dysfunction/ | title = Fibromyalgia, Fibro Fog and Cognitive Dysfunction | last = Dix | first = Robin | date = 2017-06-20 | website = Fibromyalgia News Today|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> tests. ===== Orthostatic intolerance ===== :*[[Tilt table test]] :*Will diagnose [[orthostatic intolerance]]<ref name="Zamuner">{{Cite journal | last = Zamunér | first = Antonio Roberto | last2 = Porta | first2 = Alberto | last3 = Andrade | first3 = Carolina Pieroni | last4 = Forti | first4 = Meire | last5 = Marchi | first5 = Andrea | last6 = Furlan | first6 = Raffaello | last7 = Barbic | first7 = Franca | last8 = Catai | first8 = Aparecida Maria | last9 = Silva | first9 = Ester | date = 2017 | title=The degree of cardiac baroreflex involvement during active standing is associated with the quality of life in fibromyalgia patients |url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28614420#|journal=PloS One|volume=12|issue=6| pages = e0179500|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0179500|issn=1932-6203|pmc=5470709|pmid=28614420}}</ref> or [[Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome|POTS]].<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Yun | first = Dong Joo | last2 = Choi | first2 = Han Na | last3 = Oh | first3 = Gun-Sei | date = Jul 2013 | title = A Case of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome Associated with Migraine and Fibromyalgia| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3710947/|journal=The Korean Journal of Pain|volume=26|issue=3 | pages = 303–306|doi=10.3344/kjp.2013.26.3.303|issn=2005-9159|pmc=3710947|pmid=23862007}}</ref> ===== Sleep dysfunction ===== :*[[Sleep study]] for [[restless legs syndrome]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.verywellhealth.com/fibromyalgia-and-restless-legs-syndrome-rls-716180 | title = Living With Both Restless Legs Syndrome in Fibromyalgia | last = Dellwo | first = Adrienne | authorlink = | date = Nov 16, 2018 | website = Verywell Health|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> and [[sleep disturbance]].<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-disorders-problems/fibromyalgia-and-sleep | title = Fibromyalgia and Sleep | website = sleepfoundation.org|language=en|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> <embedvideo service="youtube" dimensions="400" alignment="right" container="frame" description="''Vestibular Tests: VNG - Boys Town National Research Hospital'' In our Vestibular Tests Video Series, Kristen Janky, Au.D, Ph.D., CCC-A, Vestibular Audiologist at Boys Town National Research Hospital, explains the VNG test. By BoysTownHospital (2015)">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79Iol892EPw</embedvideo> ===== TMJ, tinnitus, vertigo, and dizziness ===== [https://www.everydayhearing.com/balance/articles/what-to-expect-at-your-vng-test/ What to Expect at Your VNG/ENG Test]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.everydayhearing.com/balance/articles/what-to-expect-at-your-vng-test/ | title = What to Expect at Your VNG/ENG Test | last = Banks | first = Lindsey | authorlink = | date = Feb 11, 2017 | website = Everyday Hearing|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> :*An ear, nose, and throat specialist (ENT) examination and imaging may be ordered for [[temporomandibular joint disorder]] (TMJ).<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fibromyalgia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354780 | title = Fibromyalgia - Symptoms and causes|website=Mayo Clinic|language=en|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> :*Lymph infections,<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.verywellhealth.com/swollen-glands-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-3973026 | title = Swollen Glands With Fibromyalgia & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | last = Dellwo | first = Adrienne | authorlink = | date = Feb 13, 2018 | website = Verywell Health|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> and [https://www.onlymyhealth.com/symptoms-ear-nose-throat-infection-1305711488 ear, sinus, throat] and [[tinnitus]] can also be documented (although not found to be FM related.)<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Iikuni | first = Fusako | last2 = Nomura | first2 = Yasuyuki | last3 = Goto | first3 = Fumiyuki | last4 = Murakami | first4 = Masato | last5 = Shigihara | first5 = Shuntaro | last6 = Ikeda | first6 = Minoru | date = Oct 2013 | title = Why do patients with fibromyalgia complain of ear-related symptoms? Ear-related symptoms and otological findings in patients with fibromyalgia| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23700040/|journal=Clinical Rheumatology|volume=32|issue=10 | pages = 1437–1441|doi=10.1007/s10067-013-2287-2|issn=1434-9949|pmid=23700040}}</ref> :*Videonystagmography (VNG) testing if you experience [[dizziness]].<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://fibromyalgiaresources.com/fibromyalgia-dizziness-balancing/ | title = » 10 Tips To Stop Fibromyalgia Dizziness and Balancing | last = Rana | first = M G | authorlink = | date = | website = |archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-02-02}}</ref> Of course, a person can have arthritis, [[sleep apnea]], [[Chronic lyme disease|chronic lyme disease]] or other diseases and still have FM, but there may be a treatable condition where a patient's overall health, including their FM, improves.<ref>{{Cite news |url =http://www.webmd.com/fibromyalgia/guide/common-misdiagnoses-of-fibromyalgia#1 | title = Common Misdiagnoses of Fibromyalgia|work=WebMD|access-date=2018-08-09|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url =http://www.prohealth.com/library/showarticle.cfm?libid=22315 | title = When Fibromyalgia Is More than Pain - Prohealth | date = 2016-01-08|work=Prohealth|access-date=2018-08-09|language=en-US}}</ref> There have been cases of [[vitamin D]] deficiency being misdiagnosed as fibromyalgia as a D deficiency can cause pain. Supplementation or prescribed vitamin D treatments may alleviate this pain. However, it is possible to have both a vitamin D deficiency and fibromyalgia and correcting the deficiency will only resolve the pain stemming from it.<ref>{{Cite news |url =http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/features/vitamin-d-deficiency-and-chronic-pain-link#1 | title = Does Vitamin D Deficiency Cause Chronic Pain? | last = Shaw | first = Gina | date = |work=WebMD|access-date=2018-08-09|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|language=en-US}}</ref>
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