Definitions of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome: Difference between revisions

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Over the course of three decades, many '''definitions''' or case criteria have been developed to diagnose either [[myalgic encephalomyelitis]] (ME), [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] (CFS), or [[Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease]] (SEID) which is an [[ME/CFS]] criteria. Some of these definitions or criteria are meant only to be diagnostic, i.e., used in a clinical setting to aid in diagnosis and some are meant to be used both in a clinical and research setting.  
Over the course of three decades, many '''definitions''' or case criteria have been developed to diagnose either [[myalgic encephalomyelitis]] (ME), [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] (CFS), or [[Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease]] (SEID) which is an [[ME/CFS]] criteria. Some of these definitions or criteria are meant only to be diagnostic, i.e., used in a clinical setting to aid in diagnosis and some are meant to be used both in a clinical and research setting.  


Each of these criteria and case definitions have been considered lacking in complete reliability and accuracy. Another change in the definition is assumed when medical research uncovers more of the pathophysiology of this illness.<ref name="Williams, 2014">{{Cite journal | last1 = Williams | first1 = Yolonda J. | authorlink1 = Yolonda Williams | last2 = Jantke | first2 = Rachel L.| authorlink2 = Rachel Jantke | last3 = Jason | first3 = Leonard A. | authorlink3 = Leonard Jason | title =  Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Case Definitions and Diagnostic Assessment | journal = New York State Psychologist | volume = 26   | issue = 4 | page = 41–45 | date = 2014 | pmid = 27594717 }}</ref>
Each of these criteria and case definitions have been considered lacking in complete reliability and accuracy. Another change in the definition is assumed when medical research uncovers more of the pathophysiology of this illness.<ref name="Williams, 2014">{{Cite journal | last1 = Williams | first1 = Yolonda J. | author-link1 = Yolonda Williams | last2 = Jantke | first2 = Rachel L. | authorlink2 = Rachel Jantke | last3 = Jason | first3 = Leonard A. | authorlink3 = Leonard Jason | title =  Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Case Definitions and Diagnostic Assessment | journal = New York State Psychologist | volume = 26 | issue = 4 | page = 41–45 | date = 2014 | pmid = 27594717 }}</ref>


==ME==
==ME==
* 1986 [[Ramsay definition]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.cfids-me.org/ramsay86.html | title = Ramsay's Definition of M.E. | last = |first = | authorlink = | date = 1986 | website = cfids-me.org| archive-url = | archive-date = |url-status = | access-date=2020-11-13}}</ref>
* 1986 [[Ramsay definition]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.cfids-me.org/ramsay86.html | title = Ramsay's Definition of M.E. | last = | first = | authorlink = | date = 1986 | website = cfids-me.org| archive-url = | archive-date = |url-status = | access-date=2020-11-13}}</ref>
* 2007 [[Nightingale definition]]<ref>[http://www.nightingale.ca/documents/Nightingale_ME_Definition_en.pdf The Nightingale Definition of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (M.E.)]</ref>
* 2007 [[Nightingale definition]]<ref>[http://www.nightingale.ca/documents/Nightingale_ME_Definition_en.pdf The Nightingale Definition of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (M.E.)]</ref>
* 2011 [[International Consensus Criteria]] (ICC)<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Carruthers | first = Bruce M. | authorlink = Bruce Carruthers | last2 = van de Sande | first2 = Marjorie I. | authorlink2 = Marjorie van de Sande | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = Kenny L. | author-link3=Kenny De Meirleir | last4 = Klimas | first4 = Nancy G. | author-link4=Nancy Klimas | last5 = Broderick | first5 = Gordon | authorlink5 = Gordon Broderick | last6 = Mitchell | first6 = Terry | authorlink6 = Terry Mitchell | last7 = Staines | first7 = Donald | author-link7 = Donald  Staines | last8 = Powles | first8 = A.C. Peter | authorlink8 = A C Peter Powles | last9 = Speight | first9 = Nigel | authorlink9 = Nigel Speight | last10 = Vallings | first10 = Rosamund | authorlink10 = Rosamund Vallings | last11 = Bateman | first11 = Lucinda | authorlink11 = Lucinda Bateman | last12 = Baumgarten-Austrheim | first12 = Barbara | authorlink12 = Barbara Baumgarten-Austrheim | last13 = Bell | first13 = David | author-link13=David Bell | last14 = Carlo-Stella | first14 = Nicoletta | authorlink14 = Nicoletta Carlo-Stella | last15 = Chia | first15 = John | authorlink15 = John Chia | last16 = Darragh | first16 = Austin | authorlink16 = Austin Darragh | last17 = Jo | first17 = Daehyun | authorlink17 = Daehyun Jo | last18 = Lewis | first18 = Donald | author-link18=Donald Lewis | last19 = Light | first19 = Alan | author-link19 = Alan Light | last20 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first20 = Sonya | author-link20 = Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik | last21 = Mena | first21 = Ismael | author-link21 = Ismael Mena | last22 = Mikovits | first22 = Judy | author-link22 = Judy Mikovits | last23 = Miwa | first23 = Kunihisa | author-link23 = Kunihisa Miwa | last24 = Murovska | first24 = Modra | author-link24 = Modra Murovska | last25 = Pall | first25 = Martin | author-link25 = Martin Pall | last26 = Stevens | first26 = Staci | author-link26 = Staci Stevens | date = 2011-08-22 | title=Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International Consensus Criteria | url = https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|language=en|volume=270|issue=4 | pages = 327–338|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x|issn=0954-6820|pmc=3427890|pmid=21777306|via=}}</ref>
* 2011 [[International Consensus Criteria]] (ICC)<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Carruthers | first = Bruce M. | authorlink = Bruce Carruthers | last2 = van de Sande | first2 = Marjorie I. | authorlink2 = Marjorie van de Sande | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = Kenny L. | author-link3 = Kenny De Meirleir | last4 = Klimas | first4 = Nancy G. | author-link4 = Nancy Klimas | last5 = Broderick | first5 = Gordon | author-link5 = Gordon Broderick | last6 = Mitchell | first6 = Terry | author-link6 = Terry Mitchell | last7 = Staines | first7 = Donald | author-link7 = Donald  Staines | last8 = Powles | first8 = A.C. Peter | author-link8 = A C Peter Powles | last9 = Speight | first9 = Nigel | author-link9 = Nigel Speight | last10 = Vallings | first10 = Rosamund | author-link10 = Rosamund Vallings | last11 = Bateman | first11 = Lucinda | author-link11 = Lucinda Bateman | last12 = Baumgarten-Austrheim | first12 = Barbara | author-link12 = Barbara Baumgarten-Austrheim | last13 = Bell | first13 = David | author-link13 = David Bell | last14 = Carlo-Stella | first14 = Nicoletta | author-link14 = Nicoletta Carlo-Stella | last15 = Chia | first15 = John | author-link15 = John Chia | last16 = Darragh | first16 = Austin | author-link16 = Austin Darragh | last17 = Jo | first17 = Daehyun | author-link17 = Daehyun Jo | last18 = Lewis | first18 = Donald | author-link18 = Donald Lewis | last19 = Light | first19 = Alan | author-link19 = Alan Light | last20 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first20 = Sonya | author-link20 = Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik | last21 = Mena | first21 = Ismael | author-link21 = Ismael Mena | last22 = Mikovits | first22 = Judy | author-link22 = Judy Mikovits | last23 = Miwa | first23 = Kunihisa | author-link23 = Kunihisa Miwa | last24 = Murovska | first24 = Modra | author-link24 = Modra Murovska | last25 = Pall | first25 = Martin | author-link25 = Martin Pall | last26 = Stevens | first26 = Staci | author-link26 = Staci Stevens | date = 2011-08-22 | title=Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International Consensus Criteria | url = https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|language=en|volume=270|issue=4 | pages = 327–338|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x|issn=0954-6820|pmc=3427890|pmid=21777306|via=}}</ref>
* 2014 [[London criteria]]<ref name="Londoncriteria">{{Citation | url =http://www.axfordsabode.org.uk/me/mecrit2014.htm|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20150923181011/http://www.axfordsabode.org.uk/me/mecrit2014.htm|archive-date=2015-09-23|url-status=dead | title = Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME). Criteria and clinical guidelines. 2014 | date = Oct 15, 2014 | last = Howes | first = Sandra | authorlink = Sandra Howes | last2 = Goudsmit | first2 = Ellen M. | author2link = Ellen Goudsmit | last3 = Shepherd | first3 = Charles |author3link = Charles Shepherd}}</ref>
* 2014 [[London criteria]]<ref name="Londoncriteria">{{Citation | url =http://www.axfordsabode.org.uk/me/mecrit2014.htm|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20150923181011/http://www.axfordsabode.org.uk/me/mecrit2014.htm|archive-date=2015-09-23|url-status=dead | title = Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME). Criteria and clinical guidelines. 2014 | date = Oct 15, 2014 | last = Howes | first = Sandra | authorlink = Sandra Howes | last2 = Goudsmit | first2 = Ellen M. | author2link = Ellen Goudsmit | last3 = Shepherd | first3 = Charles |author3link = Charles Shepherd}}</ref>


The [[International Consensus Criteria]] is currently used in some research and by few clinicians in some countries. [[Ramsay definition]], [[Nightingale definition]] and [[London criteria]] are currently not in use.
The [[International Consensus Criteria]] is currently used in some research and by few clinicians in some countries. [[Ramsay definition]], [[Nightingale definition]] and [[London criteria]] are currently not in use.


==CFS==
==CFS==
* 1988 [[CDC]] case definition ("[[Holmes criteria]]")<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Holmes | first = G.P. | authorlink = Gary Holmes | last2 = Kaplan | first2 = J.E. | authorlink2 = | last3 = Gantz | first3 = N.M. | author-link3= | last4 = Komaroff | first4 = A.L. |  author-link4=Anthony Komaroff | last5 = Schonberger | first5 = L.B. | author-link5= | last6 = Straus | first6 = S.E. | author-link6=Stephen Straus | last7 = Jones | first7 = J.F. |last8 = Dubois | first8 = R.E. | last9 = Cunningham-Rundles | first9 = C. | date = Mar 1988 | title = Chronic fatigue syndrome: a working case definition | url =https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2829679/|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=108|issue=3 | pages = 387–389|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-387|issn=0003-4819|pmc=|pmid=2829679|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>
* 1988 [[CDC]] case definition ("[[Holmes criteria]]")<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Holmes | first = G.P. | authorlink = Gary Holmes | last2 = Kaplan | first2 = J.E. | authorlink2 = | last3 = Gantz | first3 = N.M. | author-link3 = | last4 = Komaroff | first4 = A.L. |  author-link4 = Anthony Komaroff | last5 = Schonberger | first5 = L.B. | author-link5 = | last6 = Straus | first6 = S.E. | author-link6 = Stephen Straus | last7 = Jones | first7 = J.F. |last8 = Dubois | first8 = R.E. | last9 = Cunningham-Rundles | first9 = C. | date = Mar 1988 | title = Chronic fatigue syndrome: a working case definition | url =https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2829679/|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=108|issue=3 | pages = 387–389|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-387|issn=0003-4819|pmc=|pmid=2829679|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>
* 1991 [[Oxford criteria]]*<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Sharpe | first = M.C. | authorlink = Michael Sharpe | last2 = Archard | first2 = L.C. | authorlink2 = | last3 = Banatvala | first3 = J.E. | author-link3= | last4 = Borysiewicz | first4 = L.K. | author-link4= | last5 = Clare | first5 = A.W. | author-link5=Anthony Cleare | last6 = David | first6 = A. | author-link6=Anthony David | last7 = Edwards | first7 = R.H. | last8 = Hawton | first8 = K.E. | last9 = Lambert | first9 = H.P. | date = Feb 1991 | title = A report--chronic fatigue syndrome: guidelines for research | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1999813/|journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine|volume=84|issue=2 | pages = 118–121|doi=|issn=0141-0768|pmc=1293107|pmid=1999813|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>
* 1991 [[Oxford criteria]]*<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Sharpe | first = M.C. | authorlink = Michael Sharpe | last2 = Archard | first2 = L.C. | authorlink2 = | last3 = Banatvala | first3 = J.E. | author-link3 = | last4 = Borysiewicz | first4 = L.K. | author-link4 = | last5 = Clare | first5 = A.W. | author-link5 = Anthony Cleare | last6 = David | first6 = A. | author-link6 = Anthony David | last7 = Edwards | first7 = R.H. | last8 = Hawton | first8 = K.E. | last9 = Lambert | first9 = H.P. | date = Feb 1991 | title = A report--chronic fatigue syndrome: guidelines for research | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1999813/|journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine|volume=84|issue=2 | pages = 118–121|doi=|issn=0141-0768|pmc=1293107|pmid=1999813|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>
* 1994 CDC case definition ("[[Fukuda criteria]]")* (CDC-1994)<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Fukuda | first = K. | authorlink = Keiji Fukuda | last2 = Straus | first2 = S.E. | authorlink2 = Stephen Straus | last3 = Hickie | first3 = I. | author-link3=Ian Hickie | last4 = Sharpe | first4 = M.C. | author-link4=Michael Sharpe | last5 = Dobbins | first5 = J.G. |author-link5= | last6 = Komaroff | first6 = A. | author-link6=Anthony Komaroff | date = 1994-12-15 | title = The chronic fatigue syndrome: a comprehensive approach to its definition and study. International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7978722/|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=121|issue=12 | pages = 953–959|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-121-12-199412150-00009|issn=0003-4819|pmc=|pmid=7978722|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>
* 1994 CDC case definition ("[[Fukuda criteria]]")* (CDC-1994)<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Fukuda | first = K. | authorlink = Keiji Fukuda | last2 = Straus | first2 = S.E. | authorlink2 = Stephen Straus | last3 = Hickie | first3 = I. | author-link3 = Ian Hickie | last4 = Sharpe | first4 = M.C. | author-link4 = Michael Sharpe | last5 = Dobbins | first5 = J.G. | author-link5 = | last6 = Komaroff | first6 = A. | author-link6 = Anthony Komaroff | date = 1994-12-15 | title = The chronic fatigue syndrome: a comprehensive approach to its definition and study. International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7978722/|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=121|issue=12 | pages = 953–959|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-121-12-199412150-00009|issn=0003-4819|pmc=|pmid=7978722|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>
* 2005 CDC case definition ("[[Reeves criteria]]")*<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Reeves | first = William C. | authorlink = William Reeves | last2 = Wagner | first2 = Dieter | authorlink2 = | last3 = Nisenbaum | first3 = Rosane | authorlink3 = | last4 = Jones | first4 = James F. | author-link4= | last5 = Gurbaxani | first5 = Brian | authorlink5 = | last6 = Solomon | first6 = Laura | authorlink6 = | last7 = Papanicolaou | first7 = Dimitris A. | last8 = Unger | first8 = Elizabeth R. | last9 = Vernon | first9 = Suzanne D. | date = 2005-12-15 | title = Chronic fatigue syndrome--a clinically empirical approach to its definition and study | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16356178/|journal=BMC medicine|volume=3|issue= | pages = 19|doi=10.1186/1741-7015-3-19|issn=1741-7015|pmc=1334212|pmid=16356178|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>  
* 2005 CDC case definition ("[[Reeves criteria]]")*<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Reeves | first = William C. | authorlink = William Reeves | last2 = Wagner | first2 = Dieter | authorlink2 = | last3 = Nisenbaum | first3 = Rosane | authorlink3 = | last4 = Jones | first4 = James F. | author-link4 = | last5 = Gurbaxani | first5 = Brian | author-link5 = | last6 = Solomon | first6 = Laura | author-link6 = | last7 = Papanicolaou | first7 = Dimitris A. | last8 = Unger | first8 = Elizabeth R. | last9 = Vernon | first9 = Suzanne D. | date = 2005-12-15 | title = Chronic fatigue syndrome--a clinically empirical approach to its definition and study | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16356178/|journal=BMC medicine|volume=3|issue= | pages = 19|doi=10.1186/1741-7015-3-19|issn=1741-7015|pmc=1334212|pmid=16356178|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref>  


The [[Holmes criteria]] is currently not in use. The [[Oxford criteria]] has been very recently retired but was heavily used in the UK by researchers and some clinicians. The [[Fukuda criteria]] is used in research by several countries including the US and sometimes in the UK. [[Reeves criteria]] is currently being used in the [[NIH Post-Infectious ME/CFS Study]] but overall it is not in use.
The [[Holmes criteria]] is currently not in use. The [[Oxford criteria]] has been very recently retired but was heavily used in the UK by researchers and some clinicians. The [[Fukuda criteria]] is used in research by several countries including the US and sometimes in the UK. [[Reeves criteria]] is currently being used in the [[NIH Post-Infectious ME/CFS Study]] but overall it is not in use.


==Combined (ME/CFS)==
==Combined (ME/CFS)==
* 2021, [[NICE ME/CFS diagnostic criteria 2021|NICE ME/CFS diagnostic criteria]]<ref name="niceng206">{{Cite web | url = https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng206 | title = Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (or Encephalopathy)/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome:diagnosis and management. NICE guideline. | last = NICE Guideline Development Group|first = | authorlink = | publisher = [[National Institute for Health and Care Excellence]] | date = 2021-10-29}}</ref>
* 2021, [[NICE ME/CFS diagnostic criteria 2021|NICE ME/CFS diagnostic criteria]]<ref name="niceng206">{{Cite web | url = https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng206 | title = Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (or Encephalopathy)/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome:diagnosis and management. NICE guideline. | last = NICE Guideline Development Group|first = | authorlink = | publisher = [[National Institute for Health and Care Excellence]] | date = 2021-10-29}}</ref>
* 2003 [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]] (CCC)<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Carruthers | first = Bruce M. | last2 = Jain | first2 = Anil Kumar | last3 = Meirleir | first3 = Kenny L. De | last4 = Peterson | first4 = Daniel L. | last5 = Klimas | first5 = Nancy G. | last6 = Lerner | first6 = A. Martin | last7 = Bested | first7 = Alison C. | last8 = Flor-Henry | first8 = Pierre | last9 = Joshi | first9 = Pradip | date = 2003-01-01 | title = Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | url =https://doi.org/10.1300/J092v11n01_02|journal=Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|volume=11|issue=1 | pages = 7–115|doi=10.1300/J092v11n01_02|issn=1057-3321}}</ref>
* 2003 [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]] (CCC)<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Carruthers | first = Bruce M. | last2 = Jain | first2 = Anil Kumar | last3 = Meirleir | first3 = Kenny L. De | last4 = Peterson | first4 = Daniel L. | last5 = Klimas | first5 = Nancy G. | last6 = Lerner | first6 = A. Martin | last7 = Bested | first7 = Alison C. | last8 = Flor-Henry | first8 = Pierre | last9 = Joshi | first9 = Pradip | date = 2003-01-01 | title = Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | url =https://doi.org/10.1300/J092v11n01_02|journal=Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|volume=11|issue=1 | pages = 7–115|doi=10.1300/J092v11n01_02|issn=1057-3321}}</ref>
* 2007 [[NICE CFS/ME diagnostic criteria 2007|NICE CFS/ME guidelines]]*<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG53/chapter/1-Guidance#diagnosis | title = Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (or encephalopathy): diagnosis and management {{!}} Guidance | last = |first = | authorlink = | date = 2017 | website = nice.org.uk| archive-url = | archive-date = |url-status = | access-date=2020-11-13}}</ref>
* 2007 [[NICE CFS/ME diagnostic criteria 2007|NICE CFS/ME guidelines]]*<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG53/chapter/1-Guidance#diagnosis | title = Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (or encephalopathy): diagnosis and management {{!}} Guidance | last = | first = | authorlink = | date = 2017 | website = nice.org.uk| archive-url = | archive-date = |url-status = | access-date=2020-11-13}}</ref>


The [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]] is sometimes used by clinicians and for research in many countries but has not been officially adopted by most countries including the US. [[NICE guidelines]] are used by clinicians in the [[United Kingdom|UK]].
The [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]] is sometimes used by clinicians and for research in many countries but has not been officially adopted by most countries including the US. [[NICE guidelines]] are used by clinicians in the [[United Kingdom|UK]].
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=='SEID'==
=='SEID'==
* 2015 [[IOM|Institute of Medicine]] (IOM) diagnostic criteria<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2015/MECFS/MECFS_ProposedDiagnosticCriteria?_ga=1.14761526.1865741811.1437002921 | title = Proposed Diagnostic Criteria | last = Institute of Medicine | first = | authorlink = | date = 2015 | website = nationalacademies.org| archive-url = | archive-date = |url-status = | access-date=2020-11-13}}</ref>
* 2015 [[IOM|Institute of Medicine]] (IOM) diagnostic criteria<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2015/MECFS/MECFS_ProposedDiagnosticCriteria?_ga=1.14761526.1865741811.1437002921 | title = Proposed Diagnostic Criteria | last = Institute of Medicine | first = | authorlink = | date = 2015 | website = nationalacademies.org| archive-url = | archive-date = |url-status = | access-date=2020-11-13}}</ref>
* The name "Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease" (SEID) was proposed in conjunction with this criteria, but was not adopted.<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.cdc.gov/me-cfs/healthcare-providers/diagnosis/iom-2015-diagnostic-criteria.html | title = IOM 2015 Diagnostic Criteria {{!}} Diagnosis {{!}} Healthcare Providers {{!}} Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | date = 2018-11-08 | website = [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]|language=en-us|access-date=2019-04-12}}</ref>
* The name "Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease" (SEID) was proposed in conjunction with this criteria, but was not adopted.<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.cdc.gov/me-cfs/healthcare-providers/diagnosis/iom-2015-diagnostic-criteria.html | title = IOM 2015 Diagnostic Criteria {{!}} Diagnosis {{!}} Healthcare Providers {{!}} Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | date = 2018-11-08 | website = [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]|language=en-us|access-date=2019-04-12}}</ref>
*Currently used for by the CDC for ME/CFS diagnosis<ref name="CDC-symptoms">{{Cite web | url = https://www.cdc.gov/me-cfs/symptoms-diagnosis/symptoms.html | title = Symptoms {{!}} Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] | date = Jan 27, 2021|access-date = 2021-02-25}}</ref>
*Currently used for by the CDC for ME/CFS diagnosis<ref name="CDC-symptoms">{{Cite web | url = https://www.cdc.gov/me-cfs/symptoms-diagnosis/symptoms.html | title = Symptoms {{!}} Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] | date = Jan 27, 2021|access-date = 2021-02-25}}</ref>
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==Comparison==
==Comparison==
*2001, A definition-based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome<ref name="DeBecker2001">{{Cite journal | last1 = De Becker | first1 = P | authorlink1 = Pascale De Becker | last2 = McGregor | first2  = N | authorlink2 = Neil McGregor | last3 = De Meirleir | first3  = K | authorlink3 = Kenny de Meirleir | title = A definition-based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome | journal = Journal of Internal Medicine | volume = 250 | issue = 3 | page = 234-240 | date =Sep 2001| pmid = 11555128 | url = https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed}}</ref> - [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed (Full text)]
*2001, A definition-based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome<ref name="DeBecker2001">{{Cite journal | last1 = De Becker | first1 = P | author-link1 = Pascale De Becker | last2 = McGregor | first2  = N | authorlink2 = Neil McGregor | last3 = De Meirleir | first3  = K | authorlink3 = Kenny de Meirleir | title = A definition-based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome | journal = Journal of Internal Medicine | volume = 250 | issue = 3 | page = 234-240 | date =Sep 2001 | pmid = 11555128 | url = https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed}}</ref> - [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed (Full text)]
*2003, Variability in diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome may result in substantial differences in patterns of symptoms and disability<ref>{{Cite journal | issn = 0163-2787| volume = 26| issue = 1| pages = 3–22| last1 = Jason | first1 = Leonard A. | last2 = Helgerson | first2 = Jena | last3 = Torres-Harding | first3 = Susan R. | last4 = Carrico | first4 = Adam W. | last5 = Taylor | first5 = Renee R.| title = Variability in diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome may result in substantial differences in patterns of symptoms and disability| journal = Evaluation & the Health Professions| date = Mar 2003| pmid = 12629919 | url = https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonard-Jason/publication/10862361_Variability_In_Diagnostic_Criteria_For_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_May_Result_In_Substantial_Differences_In_Patterns_Of_Symptoms_And_Disability/links/0046351acfbfc3573a000000/Variability-In-Diagnostic-Criteria-For-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-May-Result-In-Substantial-Differences-In-Patterns-Of-Symptoms-And-Disability.pdf}}</ref> - [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonard-Jason/publication/10862361_Variability_In_Diagnostic_Criteria_For_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_May_Result_In_Substantial_Differences_In_Patterns_Of_Symptoms_And_Disability/links/0046351acfbfc3573a000000/Variability-In-Diagnostic-Criteria-For-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-May-Result-In-Substantial-Differences-In-Patterns-Of-Symptoms-And-Disability.pdf (Full text)]
*2003, Variability in diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome may result in substantial differences in patterns of symptoms and disability<ref>{{Cite journal | issn = 0163-2787| volume = 26 | issue = 1| pages = 3–22| last1 = Jason | first1 = Leonard A. | last2 = Helgerson | first2 = Jena | last3 = Torres-Harding | first3 = Susan R. | last4 = Carrico | first4 = Adam W. | last5 = Taylor | first5 = Renee R.| title = Variability in diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome may result in substantial differences in patterns of symptoms and disability| journal = Evaluation & the Health Professions| date = Mar 2003 | pmid = 12629919 | url = https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonard-Jason/publication/10862361_Variability_In_Diagnostic_Criteria_For_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_May_Result_In_Substantial_Differences_In_Patterns_Of_Symptoms_And_Disability/links/0046351acfbfc3573a000000/Variability-In-Diagnostic-Criteria-For-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-May-Result-In-Substantial-Differences-In-Patterns-Of-Symptoms-And-Disability.pdf}}</ref> - [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonard-Jason/publication/10862361_Variability_In_Diagnostic_Criteria_For_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_May_Result_In_Substantial_Differences_In_Patterns_Of_Symptoms_And_Disability/links/0046351acfbfc3573a000000/Variability-In-Diagnostic-Criteria-For-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-May-Result-In-Substantial-Differences-In-Patterns-Of-Symptoms-And-Disability.pdf (Full text)]
*2012, Contrasting case definitions for chronic fatigue syndrome, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis<ref name="pmid22158691">{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1177/0163278711424281| issn = 1552-3918| volume = 35| issue = 3| pages = 280–304| last1 = Jason | first1 = Leonard A. | last2 = Brown | first2 = Abigail | last3 = Clyne | first3 = Erin | last4 = Bartgis | first4 = Lindsey | last5 = Evans | first5 = Meredyth | last6 = Brown | first6 = Molly| title = Contrasting case definitions for chronic fatigue syndrome, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis| journal = Evaluation & the Health Professions| date = Sep 2012| pmid = 22158691 | url = https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonard-Jason/publication/51868660_Contrasting_Case_Definitions_for_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_Myalgic_EncephalomyelitisChronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_and_Myalgic_Encephalomyelitis/links/00b4951acddb075753000000/Contrasting-Case-Definitions-for-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-Myalgic-Encephalomyelitis-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-and-Myalgic-Encephalomyelitis.pdf}}</ref> - [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonard-Jason/publication/51868660_Contrasting_Case_Definitions_for_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_Myalgic_EncephalomyelitisChronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_and_Myalgic_Encephalomyelitis/links/00b4951acddb075753000000/Contrasting-Case-Definitions-for-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-Myalgic-Encephalomyelitis-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-and-Myalgic-Encephalomyelitis.pdf (Full text)]
*2012, Contrasting case definitions for chronic fatigue syndrome, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis<ref name="pmid22158691">{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1177/0163278711424281| issn = 1552-3918| volume = 35 | issue = 3| pages = 280–304| last1 = Jason | first1 = Leonard A. | last2 = Brown | first2 = Abigail | last3 = Clyne | first3 = Erin | last4 = Bartgis | first4 = Lindsey | last5 = Evans | first5 = Meredyth | last6 = Brown | first6 = Molly| title = Contrasting case definitions for chronic fatigue syndrome, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis| journal = Evaluation & the Health Professions| date = Sep 2012 | pmid = 22158691 | url = https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonard-Jason/publication/51868660_Contrasting_Case_Definitions_for_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_Myalgic_EncephalomyelitisChronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_and_Myalgic_Encephalomyelitis/links/00b4951acddb075753000000/Contrasting-Case-Definitions-for-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-Myalgic-Encephalomyelitis-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-and-Myalgic-Encephalomyelitis.pdf}}</ref> - [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonard-Jason/publication/51868660_Contrasting_Case_Definitions_for_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_Myalgic_EncephalomyelitisChronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_and_Myalgic_Encephalomyelitis/links/00b4951acddb075753000000/Contrasting-Case-Definitions-for-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-Myalgic-Encephalomyelitis-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-and-Myalgic-Encephalomyelitis.pdf (Full text)]
*2015, Accurate diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome based upon objective test methods for characteristic symptoms<ref name="Twisk2015">{{Cite journal | last = Twisk|first = Frank NM | date = 2015 | title=Accurate diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome based upon objective test methods for characteristic symptoms |url =http://www.wjgnet.com/2222-0682/full/v5/i2/68.htm|journal=World Journal of Methodology|language=en|volume=5|issue=2 | pages = 68|doi=10.5662/wjm.v5.i2.68|issn=2222-0682|pmc =  4482824|pmid=26140274}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4482824/ (Full text)]
*2015, Accurate diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome based upon objective test methods for characteristic symptoms<ref name="Twisk2015">{{Cite journal | last = Twisk|first = Frank NM | date = 2015 | title=Accurate diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome based upon objective test methods for characteristic symptoms |url =http://www.wjgnet.com/2222-0682/full/v5/i2/68.htm|journal=World Journal of Methodology|language=en|volume=5|issue=2 | pages = 68|doi=10.5662/wjm.v5.i2.68|issn=2222-0682|pmc =  4482824|pmid=26140274}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4482824/ (Full text)]
*2015, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: Toward An Empirical Case Definition - [[Case Definition Comparison - Graph 1]]<ref name="PMC4443921">{{Cite journal | last = Jason | first = Leonard A. | authorlink = Leonard Jason | last2 = Kot | first2 = Bobby | authorlink2 = | last3 = Sunnquist | first3 = Madison | authorlink3 = Madison Sunnquist | last4 = Brown | first4 = Abigail | authorlink4 = Abigail Brown | last5 = Evans | first5 = Meredyth | authorlink5 = Meredyth Evans | last6 = Jantke | first6 = Rachel | authorlink6 = Rachel Jantke | last7 = Williams | first7 = Yolonda | last8 = Furst | first8 = Jacob | authorlink8 = | last9 = Vernon | first9 = Suzanne D. | authorlink9 = Suzanne Vernon | date = 2015 | title=Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: Toward An Empirical Case Definition | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4443921/|journal=Health psychology and behavioral medicine|volume=3|issue=1 | pages = 82–93|doi=10.1080/21642850.2015.1014489|issn=2164-2850|pmc=4443921|pmid=26029488}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4443921/ (Full text)]
*2015, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: Toward An Empirical Case Definition - [[Case Definition Comparison - Graph 1]]<ref name="PMC4443921">{{Cite journal | last = Jason | first = Leonard A. | authorlink = Leonard Jason | last2 = Kot | first2 = Bobby | authorlink2 = | last3 = Sunnquist | first3 = Madison | authorlink3 = Madison Sunnquist | last4 = Brown | first4 = Abigail | author-link4 = Abigail Brown | last5 = Evans | first5 = Meredyth | author-link5 = Meredyth Evans | last6 = Jantke | first6 = Rachel | author-link6 = Rachel Jantke | last7 = Williams | first7 = Yolonda | last8 = Furst | first8 = Jacob | author-link8 = | last9 = Vernon | first9 = Suzanne D. | author-link9 = Suzanne Vernon | date = 2015 | title=Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: Toward An Empirical Case Definition | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4443921/|journal=Health psychology and behavioral medicine|volume=3|issue=1 | pages = 82–93|doi=10.1080/21642850.2015.1014489|issn=2164-2850|pmc=4443921|pmid=26029488}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4443921/ (Full text)]
*2016, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome versus Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease<ref name="Jason, Sunn, 2015">{{Cite journal | last1 = Jason | first1 = L.A.| authorlink1 = Leonard Jason | last2 = Sunnquist | first2 = M. | authorlink2 = Madison Sunnquist | last3 = Brown | first3 = A. | authorlink3 = Abigail Brown | last4 = Newton | first4 = J.L.| authorlink4 = Julia Newton | last5 = Strand | first5 = E.B.| authorlink5 = Elin Strand | last6 = Vernon | first6 = S.D. | authorlink6 = Suzanne Vernon | title =  Chronic fatigue syndrome versus systemic exertion intolerance disease | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4556426 | journal = Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior | volume = 3   | issue = 3 | page = 127-141 | date = 2015 | pmid = | pmc = PMC4556426 | doi = 10.1080/21641846.2015.1051291 }}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4556426 (Full text)]
*2016, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome versus Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease<ref name="Jason, Sunn, 2015">{{Cite journal | last1 = Jason | first1 = L.A. | author-link1 = Leonard Jason | last2 = Sunnquist | first2 = M. | authorlink2 = Madison Sunnquist | last3 = Brown | first3 = A. | authorlink3 = Abigail Brown | last4 = Newton | first4 = J.L. | author-link4 = Julia Newton | last5 = Strand | first5 = E.B. | author-link5 = Elin Strand | last6 = Vernon | first6 = S.D. | author-link6 = Suzanne Vernon | title =  Chronic fatigue syndrome versus systemic exertion intolerance disease | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4556426 | journal = Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior | volume = 3 | issue = 3 | page = 127-141 | date = 2015 | pmid = | pmc = PMC4556426 | doi = 10.1080/21641846.2015.1051291 }}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4556426 (Full text)]
*2017, Patients diagnosed with Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome also fit systemic exertion intolerance disease criteria ([[Lily Chu]]), ([[Jane Norris]]), ([[Ian Valencia]]) & ([[Jose Montoya]]) - [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21641846.2017.1299079 (Full text)]
*2017, Patients diagnosed with Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome also fit systemic exertion intolerance disease criteria ([[Lily Chu]]), ([[Jane Norris]]), ([[Ian Valencia]]) & ([[Jose Montoya]]) - [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21641846.2017.1299079 (Full text)]
*2017, A Comparison of  Case Definitions for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome<ref name="Sunnquist, 2017">{{Cite journal | last1 = Sunnquist | first1 = Madison| authorlink1 = Madison Sunnquist | last2 = Jason | first2 = Leonard| authorlink2 = Leonard Jason | last3 = Nehrke | first3 = Pamela | authorlink3 = | last4 = Goudsmit | first4 = Ellen | authorlink4 = Ellen Goudsmit | title =  A Comparison of  Case Definitions for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | journal = Journal of Chronic Diseases and Management | volume = 2 | issue = 2 | page = 1013 | date = 2017| pmid = 29104961 | pmc = PMC5663312 | doi = | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5663312}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5663312 (Full text)]
*2017, A Comparison of  Case Definitions for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome<ref name="Sunnquist, 2017">{{Cite journal | last1 = Sunnquist | first1 = Madison | author-link1 = Madison Sunnquist | last2 = Jason | first2 = Leonard | authorlink2 = Leonard Jason | last3 = Nehrke | first3 = Pamela | authorlink3 = | last4 = Goudsmit | first4 = Ellen | author-link4 = Ellen Goudsmit | title =  A Comparison of  Case Definitions for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | journal = Journal of Chronic Diseases and Management | volume = 2 | issue = 2 | page = 1013 | date = 2017 | pmid = 29104961 | pmc = PMC5663312 | doi = | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5663312}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5663312 (Full text)]
*2017, [[How have selection bias and disease misclassification undermined the validity of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome studies?]]<ref name="Nacul2017">{{Cite journal | last = Nacul|first = Luis | authorlink = Luis Nacul | last2 = Lacerda | first2 = Eliana M | authorlink2 = Eliana Lacerda | last3 = Kingdon | first3 = Caroline C | authorlink3 = Caroline Kingdon | last4 = Curran | first4 = Hayley | authorlink4 = Hayley Curran | last5 = Bowman | first5 = Erinna W | authorlink5 = Erinna Bowman | date = Mar 1, 2017 | title = How have selection bias and disease misclassification undermined the validity of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome studies? | url = https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317695803|journal=[[Journal of Health Psychology]]|language=en|volume=|issue= | pages = 1359105317695803|doi=10.1177/1359105317695803|issn=1359-1053|pmc=5581258|pmid=28810428|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1359105317695803 (Full text)]
*2017, [[How have selection bias and disease misclassification undermined the validity of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome studies?]]<ref name="Nacul2017">{{Cite journal | last = Nacul|first = Luis | authorlink = Luis Nacul | last2 = Lacerda | first2 = Eliana M | authorlink2 = Eliana Lacerda | last3 = Kingdon | first3 = Caroline C | authorlink3 = Caroline Kingdon | last4 = Curran | first4 = Hayley | author-link4 = Hayley Curran | last5 = Bowman | first5 = Erinna W | author-link5 = Erinna Bowman | date = Mar 1, 2017 | title = How have selection bias and disease misclassification undermined the validity of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome studies? | url = https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317695803|journal=[[Journal of Health Psychology]]|language=en|volume=|issue= | pages = 1359105317695803|doi=10.1177/1359105317695803|issn=1359-1053|pmc=5581258|pmid=28810428|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1359105317695803 (Full text)]


==Narrowest and broadest diagnostic criteria ==
==Narrowest and broadest diagnostic criteria ==

Latest revision as of 14:57, April 2, 2023

Over the course of three decades, many definitions or case criteria have been developed to diagnose either myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), or Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease (SEID) which is an ME/CFS criteria. Some of these definitions or criteria are meant only to be diagnostic, i.e., used in a clinical setting to aid in diagnosis and some are meant to be used both in a clinical and research setting.

Each of these criteria and case definitions have been considered lacking in complete reliability and accuracy. Another change in the definition is assumed when medical research uncovers more of the pathophysiology of this illness.[1]

ME[edit | edit source]

The International Consensus Criteria is currently used in some research and by few clinicians in some countries. Ramsay definition, Nightingale definition and London criteria are currently not in use.

CFS[edit | edit source]

The Holmes criteria is currently not in use. The Oxford criteria has been very recently retired but was heavily used in the UK by researchers and some clinicians. The Fukuda criteria is used in research by several countries including the US and sometimes in the UK. Reeves criteria is currently being used in the NIH Post-Infectious ME/CFS Study but overall it is not in use.

Combined (ME/CFS)[edit | edit source]

The Canadian Consensus Criteria is sometimes used by clinicians and for research in many countries but has not been officially adopted by most countries including the US. NICE guidelines are used by clinicians in the UK.

Note: ME/CFS (or CFS/ME in parts of Europe) is the acronym now used in the US, UK, and some other countries.

'SEID'[edit | edit source]

  • 2015 Institute of Medicine (IOM) diagnostic criteria[13]
  • The name "Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease" (SEID) was proposed in conjunction with this criteria, but was not adopted.[14]
  • Currently used for by the CDC for ME/CFS diagnosis[15]

The IOM criteria is an ME/CFS criteria proposed for use in the US in clinical settings. The NIH Post-Infectious ME/CFS Study is using this criteria along with three other criteria.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) outlines the IOM diagnostic criteria on their ME/CFS page IOM 2015 Diagnostic Criteria.

Note on Definition flaws[edit | edit source]

Definitions with a asterisk (*) are considered to be by most ME/CFS patients, many ME/CFS patients groups, and several ME/CFS researchers as being seriously flawed in that these criteria capture individuals suffering from chronic fatigue and not chronic fatigue syndrome, myalgic encephalomyelitis or Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease.

Comparison[edit | edit source]

Narrowest and broadest diagnostic criteria[edit | edit source]

The retired Oxford criteria for CFS selected the highest number of patients as having CFS, and the Canadian definition of ME/CFS selects the smallest number of patients, leading to radically different results in research. Nacul et al. (2017) stated:

"For every 15 patients selected under Oxford criteria, 14 will be false positives when compared to Canadian Consensus Criteria. The Pace trial and FINE trial used Oxford criteria."
"When studies using the broad Oxford criteria (Sharpe et al., 1991) were excluded, a virtual disappearance of effect for graded exercise therapy (GET), cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and other psychological therapies recommended by the NICE guidelines (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), 2007) was revealed."[23]

Learn more[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. Williams, Yolonda J.; Jantke, Rachel L.; Jason, Leonard A. (2014). "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Case Definitions and Diagnostic Assessment". New York State Psychologist. 26 (4): 41–45. PMID 27594717.
  2. "Ramsay's Definition of M.E." cfids-me.org. 1986. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
  3. The Nightingale Definition of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (M.E.)
  4. Carruthers, Bruce M.; van de Sande, Marjorie I.; De Meirleir, Kenny L.; Klimas, Nancy G.; Broderick, Gordon; Mitchell, Terry; Staines, Donald; Powles, A.C. Peter; Speight, Nigel; Vallings, Rosamund; Bateman, Lucinda; Baumgarten-Austrheim, Barbara; Bell, David; Carlo-Stella, Nicoletta; Chia, John; Darragh, Austin; Jo, Daehyun; Lewis, Donald; Light, Alan; Marshall-Gradisnik, Sonya; Mena, Ismael; Mikovits, Judy; Miwa, Kunihisa; Murovska, Modra; Pall, Martin; Stevens, Staci (August 22, 2011). "Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International Consensus Criteria". Journal of Internal Medicine. 270 (4): 327–338. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x. ISSN 0954-6820. PMC 3427890. PMID 21777306.
  5. Howes, Sandra; Goudsmit, Ellen M.; Shepherd, Charles (October 15, 2014), Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME). Criteria and clinical guidelines. 2014, archived from the original on September 23, 2015
  6. Holmes, G.P.; Kaplan, J.E.; Gantz, N.M.; Komaroff, A.L.; Schonberger, L.B.; Straus, S.E.; Jones, J.F.; Dubois, R.E.; Cunningham-Rundles, C. (March 1988). "Chronic fatigue syndrome: a working case definition". Annals of Internal Medicine. 108 (3): 387–389. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-387. ISSN 0003-4819. PMID 2829679.
  7. Sharpe, M.C.; Archard, L.C.; Banatvala, J.E.; Borysiewicz, L.K.; Clare, A.W.; David, A.; Edwards, R.H.; Hawton, K.E.; Lambert, H.P. (February 1991). "A report--chronic fatigue syndrome: guidelines for research". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 84 (2): 118–121. ISSN 0141-0768. PMC 1293107. PMID 1999813.
  8. Fukuda, K.; Straus, S.E.; Hickie, I.; Sharpe, M.C.; Dobbins, J.G.; Komaroff, A. (December 15, 1994). "The chronic fatigue syndrome: a comprehensive approach to its definition and study. International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group". Annals of Internal Medicine. 121 (12): 953–959. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-121-12-199412150-00009. ISSN 0003-4819. PMID 7978722.
  9. Reeves, William C.; Wagner, Dieter; Nisenbaum, Rosane; Jones, James F.; Gurbaxani, Brian; Solomon, Laura; Papanicolaou, Dimitris A.; Unger, Elizabeth R.; Vernon, Suzanne D. (December 15, 2005). "Chronic fatigue syndrome--a clinically empirical approach to its definition and study". BMC medicine. 3: 19. doi:10.1186/1741-7015-3-19. ISSN 1741-7015. PMC 1334212. PMID 16356178.
  10. NICE Guideline Development Group (October 29, 2021). "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (or Encephalopathy)/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome:diagnosis and management. NICE guideline". National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
  11. Carruthers, Bruce M.; Jain, Anil Kumar; Meirleir, Kenny L. De; Peterson, Daniel L.; Klimas, Nancy G.; Lerner, A. Martin; Bested, Alison C.; Flor-Henry, Pierre; Joshi, Pradip (January 1, 2003). "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome". Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. 11 (1): 7–115. doi:10.1300/J092v11n01_02. ISSN 1057-3321.
  12. "Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (or encephalopathy): diagnosis and management | Guidance". nice.org.uk. 2017. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
  13. Institute of Medicine (2015). "Proposed Diagnostic Criteria". nationalacademies.org. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
  14. "IOM 2015 Diagnostic Criteria | Diagnosis | Healthcare Providers | Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. November 8, 2018. Retrieved April 12, 2019.
  15. "Symptoms | Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. January 27, 2021. Retrieved February 25, 2021.
  16. De Becker, P; McGregor, N; De Meirleir, K (September 2001). "A definition-based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome". Journal of Internal Medicine. 250 (3): 234-240. PMID 11555128.
  17. Jason, Leonard A.; Helgerson, Jena; Torres-Harding, Susan R.; Carrico, Adam W.; Taylor, Renee R. (March 2003). "Variability in diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome may result in substantial differences in patterns of symptoms and disability" (PDF). Evaluation & the Health Professions. 26 (1): 3–22. ISSN 0163-2787. PMID 12629919.
  18. Jason, Leonard A.; Brown, Abigail; Clyne, Erin; Bartgis, Lindsey; Evans, Meredyth; Brown, Molly (September 2012). "Contrasting case definitions for chronic fatigue syndrome, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis" (PDF). Evaluation & the Health Professions. 35 (3): 280–304. doi:10.1177/0163278711424281. ISSN 1552-3918. PMID 22158691.
  19. Twisk, Frank NM (2015). "Accurate diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome based upon objective test methods for characteristic symptoms". World Journal of Methodology. 5 (2): 68. doi:10.5662/wjm.v5.i2.68. ISSN 2222-0682. PMC 4482824. PMID 26140274.
  20. 20.0 20.1 Jason, Leonard A.; Kot, Bobby; Sunnquist, Madison; Brown, Abigail; Evans, Meredyth; Jantke, Rachel; Williams, Yolonda; Furst, Jacob; Vernon, Suzanne D. (2015). "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: Toward An Empirical Case Definition". Health psychology and behavioral medicine. 3 (1): 82–93. doi:10.1080/21642850.2015.1014489. ISSN 2164-2850. PMC 4443921. PMID 26029488.
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