Craniocervical instability

From MEpedia, a crowd-sourced encyclopedia of ME and CFS science and history
Revision as of 23:48, October 26, 2018 by Jeff (talk | contribs) (I linked this article to the internal MEpedia page "Brainstem compression")

Craniocervical instability (CCI), also known as the Syndrome of Occipitoatlantialaxial Hypermobility, is a structural instability of the craniocervical junction which may lead to deformation or compression of the brainstem, upper spinal cord, and cerebellum. It is more common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) (itself a common co-morbidity with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME)). CCI/AAI can occur from an injury, such as whiplash or a high-impact trauma. However, there are several known conditions where non-traumatic CCI/AAI can happen, seemingly spontaneously, for no obvious reason. This non-traumatic CCI/AAI happens with Down’s Syndrome, RA, EDS, and other inflammatory or connective tissue disorders. The ligaments of the craniocervical junction, which are made up of connective tissue, simply become too lax. 

There have been anecdotal reports of people with ME who meet the International Consensus Criteria (ICC) who were ultimately diagnosed with CCI and/or Chiari malformation, a related condition.[1]

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms[2] of craniocervical instability include:

a heavy headache: a constant to near constant headache that can be described as feeling like the head is too heavy for the neck to support (feeling like a “bobble-head”)

a pressure headache: an impairment of cerebropinsal fluid (CSF) flow causes intracranial pressure which would be aggravated by “valsalva maneuvers” such as yawning, laughing, crying, coughing, sneezing or straining.

Dysautonomia: brainstem compression can lead to a dysfunctional autonomic nervous system (ANS) (the involuntary regulator of all body functions). Symptoms of this include, but are not limited to:

Other symptoms include:

Risk factors[edit | edit source]

Patients with EDS are at greater risk.

See also[edit | edit source]

Learn more[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. "Have you ruled out Chiari as a cause of your CFS". Phoenix Rising. Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  2. "Craniocervical Instability". The Zebra Network. Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)