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Checklist Individual Strength
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== Background == === Origin === The Checklist Individual Strength (Checklist individuele Spankracht) was developed by the Dutch research team of Vercoulen et al. in 1994 at the universities of Amsterdam and Rotterdam.<ref name=":0" /> CIS was intended to be a questionnaire to test the “behavioural, emotional, social, and cognitive aspects” of ME/CFS and to identify the multiple dimensions of ME/CFS patients’ disability. ===20 questions, 4 subscales: === Initially the questionnaire consisted of 24 items but after testing in 298 patients who suffered from unexplained chronic fatigue for more than a year, 4 items were removed.<ref name=":0" /> The factor analysis indicated 4 components<ref name=":0" /> in the remaining 20 questions. These were easy to interpret and were called: # Subjective fatigue (8 items) # Concentration (5 items) # Motivation (4 items) # Physical activity (3 items) === 1-7 Likert score: === The CIS consists of 20 statements on fatigue-related problems respondents might have experienced in the past 2 weeks.<ref name=":1">https://meetinstrumentenzorg.blob.core.windows.net/test-documents/Instrument160/160_1_N.pdf</ref> A Likert scoring scheme is used. With each statement respondents have to indicate a score from 1 to 7, indicating either “yes, that is true” or “no, that is not true.” Examples of statements are: “I feel tired”, “I have trouble concentrating” or “, I don’t do much during the day” etc.<ref>https://meetinstrumentenzorg.blob.core.windows.net/documents/Instrument160/CIS%20meetinstr.pdf</ref> Almost half of the questions are inverted, meaning the statements indicate fitness instead of fatigue and the scoring system is reversed. “Yes, that is true” would then indicate a score of 1 instead of 7. Examples of such statements are: “. I feel fit, “I feel rested” or “I am full of plans”.<ref name=":2">https://www.me-pedia.org/images/f/f8/Checklist_Individual_Strength_overzicht.pdf</ref>
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