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Buspirone challenge test
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====== Bakheit et al 1992 ====== The Bakheit 1992 study<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal | last = Bakheit | first = A.M. | last2 = Behan | first2 = P.O. | last3 = Dinan | first3 = T.G. | last4 = Gray | first4 = C.E. | last5 = O'Keane | first5 = V. | date = 1992-04-18 | title = Possible upregulation of hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in patients with postviral fatigue syndrome. | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1881733/ | journal = BMJ : British Medical Journal | volume = 304 | issue = 6833 | pages = 1010–1012|issn=0959-8138|pmc=1881733|pmid=1586780}}</ref> tested 15 ME/CFS patients, 13 patients with depression, and 13 healthy controls using the buspirone challenge test. They found that although baseline blood serum prolactin levels were very similar for all three groups, a single 60 mg oral dose of buspirone stimulated the release of significantly higher amounts of prolactin in ME/CFS patients than it did in healthy controls and depressed patients, indicating that the buspirone challenge test can distinguish ME/CFS patients from controls, as well as distinguishing ME/CFS from depression. One hour after buspirone administration, the mean serum prolactin level in male ME/CFS patients was 2.25 times that of male healthy controls, and in female patients 3.7 times that of female controls (in females, the buspirone challenge test was conducted during the luteal phase of menstruation). The administration of buspirone was also found to cause excessive [[fatigue]], [[Dizziness|lightheadedness]] and nausea in ME/CFS patients but not in controls. The authors hypothesized that the prolactin release in response to buspirone administration is mediated by 5-hydroxytryptamine ([[serotonin]]) receptors since the release can be blocked by specific serotonin antagonists such as methysergide and metergoline. The authors said their findings suggest an increased sensitivity of serotonin receptors in the hypothalamus of ME/CFS patients.
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