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Beta adrenergic receptor
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== ME/CFS == In 2015, a relatively large German study found 29% of [[ME/CFS]] patients had elevated autoantibodies to M3 and M4 [[muscarinic acetylcholine receptor]]s, as well as Γ2 adrenergic receptors.<ref name="Loebel2016" /> In 2020, a small Sweden study confirmed these results in two different patient cohorts, but did not find a relationship between adrenergic receptors and the severity of ME.<ref name="Bynke2020" /> The study assessed patients with moderate ME who met the [[Canadian Consensus Criteria|Canadian]] and [[International Consensus Criteria|international consensus criteria]] for [[Myalgic encephalomyelitis|ME]], plus the [[Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease]] criteria, and found that the majority of patients had raised blood plasma concentration of Ξ²1, Ξ²2, M3 and M4-receptor autoantibodies but [[cerebrospinal fluid]] levels were normal. Only 25% of healthy controls had raised autoantibody levels.<ref name="Bynke2020" /> These findings supported the [[autoimmune hypothesis]] for a subset of patients.
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