Alpha-galactose allergy: Difference between revisions

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{{Cleanup/Multiple issues|date=Dec 2019|reason =Sources not meeting scientific guidelines, link to food sensitivities needed.}}
'''Alpha-galactose allergy''' or '''alpha-gal allergy''' or '''alpha-gal syndrome''', also known as '''meat allergy''' or '''mammalian meat allergy (MMA)''' is a reaction to the carbohydrate, galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hilger|first=Christiane|last2=Fischer|first2=Jörg|last3=Wölbing|first3=Florian|last4=Biedermann|first4=Tilo|date=2019|title=Role and Mechanism of Galactose-Alpha-1,3-Galactose in the Elicitation of Delayed Anaphylactic Reactions to Red Meat|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6344609/|journal=Current Allergy and Asthma Reports|volume=19|issue=1|doi=10.1007/s11882-019-0835-9|issn=1529-7322|pmc=6344609|pmid=30673913}}</ref> The body is overloaded with [[immunoglobulin E]] (IGE) or contact with the meat-derived carbohydrate.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Commins|first=Scott P.|last2=Platts-Mills|first2=Thomas A. E.|date=Feb 2013|title=Delayed Anaphylaxis to Red Meat in Patients with IgE Specific for Galactose alpha-1,3-Galactose (alpha-gal)|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3545071/|journal=Current allergy and asthma reports|volume=13|issue=1|pages=72–77|doi=10.1007/s11882-012-0315-y|issn=1529-7322|pmc=3545071|pmid=23054628}}</ref>   
'''Alpha-galactose allergy''' or '''alpha-gal allergy''' or '''alpha-gal syndrome''', also known as '''meat allergy''' or '''mammalian meat allergy (MMA)''' is a reaction to the carbohydrate, galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hilger|first=Christiane|last2=Fischer|first2=Jörg|last3=Wölbing|first3=Florian|last4=Biedermann|first4=Tilo|date=2019|title=Role and Mechanism of Galactose-Alpha-1,3-Galactose in the Elicitation of Delayed Anaphylactic Reactions to Red Meat|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6344609/|journal=Current Allergy and Asthma Reports|volume=19|issue=1|doi=10.1007/s11882-019-0835-9|issn=1529-7322|pmc=6344609|pmid=30673913}}</ref> The body is overloaded with [[immunoglobulin E]] (IGE) or contact with the meat-derived carbohydrate.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Commins|first=Scott P.|last2=Platts-Mills|first2=Thomas A. E.|date=Feb 2013|title=Delayed Anaphylaxis to Red Meat in Patients with IgE Specific for Galactose alpha-1,3-Galactose (alpha-gal)|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3545071/|journal=Current allergy and asthma reports|volume=13|issue=1|pages=72–77|doi=10.1007/s11882-012-0315-y|issn=1529-7322|pmc=3545071|pmid=23054628}}</ref>   



Revision as of 00:20, December 9, 2019

Alpha-galactose allergy or alpha-gal allergy or alpha-gal syndrome, also known as meat allergy or mammalian meat allergy (MMA) is a reaction to the carbohydrate, galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal).[1] The body is overloaded with immunoglobulin E (IGE) or contact with the meat-derived carbohydrate.[2]

The alpha-gal molecule is found in all mammals except apes, humans, and Old World monkeys.[3] This allergy most often begins when a Lone Star tick bite transmits a molecule called alpha-gal into the body. In some people, an immune system reaction may later produce mild to severe allergic reactions when red meat is eaten.[4]

The cancer drug, cetuximab (trade name, Erbitux), can cause a reaction in people who live in regions with a high population of Lone Star ticks suggestion a possible link between between Lone Star tick bites and an increased vulnerability to alpha-gal syndrome.[4]

Treatment

There is no treatment other than not eating red meat.[4]

Symptoms

See also

Learn more

References

  1. Hilger, Christiane; Fischer, Jörg; Wölbing, Florian; Biedermann, Tilo (2019). "Role and Mechanism of Galactose-Alpha-1,3-Galactose in the Elicitation of Delayed Anaphylactic Reactions to Red Meat". Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 19 (1). doi:10.1007/s11882-019-0835-9. ISSN 1529-7322. PMC 6344609. PMID 30673913.
  2. Commins, Scott P.; Platts-Mills, Thomas A. E. (February 2013). "Delayed Anaphylaxis to Red Meat in Patients with IgE Specific for Galactose alpha-1,3-Galactose (alpha-gal)". Current allergy and asthma reports. 13 (1): 72–77. doi:10.1007/s11882-012-0315-y. ISSN 1529-7322. PMC 3545071. PMID 23054628.
  3. Galili, Uri (September 1, 1993). "Evolution and pathophysiology of the human natural anti-α-galactosyl IgG (anti-Gal) antibody". Springer Seminars in Immunopathology. 15 (2): 155–171. doi:10.1007/BF00201098. ISSN 1432-2196.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Alpha-gal syndrome - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
  5. "Omalizumab". Reactions Weekly. 1740 (1): 254–254. February 2019. doi:10.1007/s40278-019-58147-3. ISSN 0114-9954.