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Acceptance and commitment therapy
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==== Cognitive defusion ==== Humans tend to experience language in a very literal way. According to ACT, many psychological problems occur when persons so strongly believe the contents of their mind that they become fused with their cognitions.<ref name="Hayesbook" /> Cognitive defusion techniques are used to undermine the negative effects of language by teaching clients to get some distance from their thoughts. Clients are for example encouraged to label and provide context to their internal experiences. The feeling "Iβm no good" could be rephrased as "I am having the thought that I am no good."<ref name="McHugh2011" /> Other de-literalization techniques include repeating words so often that their meaning becomes obscured.<ref name="Hayesbook" /> The resulting detachment from inner thoughts and feelings is designed to increase psychological flexibility and the range of behavioral responses toward mental experiences. ACT teaches how one can be aware of one's flow of experiences without attachment to them.<ref name="Sixprocesses">{{Cite web | last = Hayes | first = S | date = 2006 | url = https://contextualscience.org/the_six_core_processes_of_act | title = The Six Core Processes of ACT | website = Association for Contextual Behavioral Science | access-date = 2019-03-17}}</ref>
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