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'''Abdominal pain''' or '''stomach pain''' is a common complaint in [[ME/CFS]]. It often forms a part of a diagnosis of [[irritable bowel syndrome]] (IBS)<ref>{{Citation needed|date=2022}}</ref> or [[gastroparesis]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.digestivedistress.com/sites/default/files/pdf/ibs.pdf|title=Your Upper Digestive Distress is NOT: IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome)|last=The Gastroparesis and Dysmotilities Association|first=|authorlink=|date=|website=The Gastroparesis and Dysmotilities Association|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2019-07-09}}</ref> both of which are common in [[ME/CFS]] patients, although it may have other causes, such as ulcers and should be investigated to rule out alternate diagnoses.
'''Abdominal pain''' or '''stomach pain''' is a common complaint in [[ME/CFS]]. It often forms a part of a diagnosis of [[irritable bowel syndrome]] (IBS)<ref>{{Citation needed | date = 2022}}</ref> or [[gastroparesis]]<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.digestivedistress.com/sites/default/files/pdf/ibs.pdf | title=Your Upper Digestive Distress is NOT: IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) | last = The Gastroparesis and Dysmotilities Association | first = | author-link = | date = | website = The Gastroparesis and Dysmotilities Association| archive-url = | archive-date = |url-status = | access-date=2019-07-09}}</ref> both of which are common in [[ME/CFS]] patients, although it may have other causes, such as ulcers and should be investigated to rule out alternate diagnoses.


==Prevalence==
==Prevalence==
*[[Katrina Berne]], PhD, reports a prevalence of 50-90% for IBS symptoms (including diarrhea, nausea, gas, and abdominal pain).<ref>{{Cite book |last= Berne |first= Katrina|author-link=Katrina Berne |date= Dec 1, 1995 |title= Running on Empty: The Complete Guide to Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFIDS)|edition= 2nd |url= https://www.amazon.co.uk/Running-Empty-Complete-Chronic-Syndrome/dp/0897931912/ |publisher= Hunter House |page= 58 |isbn= 978-0897931915}}</ref>
*[[Katrina Berne]], PhD, reports a prevalence of 50-90% for IBS symptoms (including diarrhea, nausea, gas, and abdominal pain).<ref>{{Cite book | last = Berne | first = Katrina | author-link = Katrina Berne | date = Dec 1, 1995 | title = Running on Empty: The Complete Guide to Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFIDS)|edition= 2nd |url= https://www.amazon.co.uk/Running-Empty-Complete-Chronic-Syndrome/dp/0897931912/ | publisher = Hunter House | page = 58 |isbn= 978-0897931915}}</ref>


*In a 2001 Belgian study, 81.8% of patients meeting the [[Fukuda criteria]] and 85.6% of patients meeting the [[Holmes criteria]], in a cohort of 2073 [[Chronic fatigue syndrome|CFS]] patients, reported gastrointestinal disturbance.<ref name="DeBecker2001">{{Cite journal|last=De Becker|first=Pascale|author-link=Pascale De Becker|last2=McGregor|first2=Neil|author-link2=Neil McGregor|last3=De Meirleir|first3=Kenny|author-link3=Kenny De Meirleir|date=Dec 2001|title=A definition‐based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|volume=250|issue=3|pages=234–240|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x|quote=|via=}}</ref>
*In a 2001 Belgian study, 81.8% of patients meeting the [[Fukuda criteria]] and 85.6% of patients meeting the [[Holmes criteria]], in a cohort of 2073 [[Chronic fatigue syndrome|CFS]] patients, reported gastrointestinal disturbance.<ref name="DeBecker2001">{{Cite journal | last = De Becker | first = Pascale | author-link = Pascale De Becker | last2 = McGregor | first2 = Neil | author-link2 = Neil McGregor | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = Kenny | author-link3 = Kenny De Meirleir | date = Dec 2001 | title = A definition‐based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome | url = https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed | journal = Journal of Internal Medicine | volume = 250 | issue = 3 | pages = 234–240|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x|quote=|via=}}</ref>


==ME/CFS ==
==ME/CFS ==
Maes et al. (2014) found that both abdominal pain/cramps and abdominal pain that eased after a bowel movement were significantly more common in [[ME/CFS]] compared to [[chronic fatigue]] patients.<ref name="Maes2014IBS">{{Cite journal|title=Evidence for the existence of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) with and without abdominal discomfort (irritable bowel) syndrome|date=2014|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25433843/|journal=Neuro Endocrinology Letters|volume=35|issue=6|pages=445–453|last=Maes|first=Michael|author-link=Michael Maes|last2=Leunis|first2=Jean-Claude|author-link2=Jean-Claude Leunis|last3=Geffard|first3=Michel|author-link3=|last4=Berk|first4=Michael|author-link4=Michael Berk|doi=|pmc=|pmid=25433843|access-date=|issn=0172-780X|quote=|via=}}</ref>
Maes et al. (2014) found that both abdominal pain/cramps and abdominal pain that eased after a bowel movement were significantly more common in [[ME/CFS]] compared to [[chronic fatigue]] patients.<ref name="Maes2014IBS">{{Cite journal | title = Evidence for the existence of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) with and without abdominal discomfort (irritable bowel) syndrome | date = 2014 | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25433843/ | journal = Neuro Endocrinology Letters | volume = 35 | issue = 6 | pages = 445–453 | last = Maes | first = Michael | author-link = Michael Maes | last2 = Leunis | first2 = Jean-Claude | author-link2 = Jean-Claude Leunis | last3 = Geffard | first3 = Michel | author-link3 = | last4 = Berk | first4 = Michael | author-link4 = Michael Berk|doi=|pmc=|pmid=25433843|access-date=|issn=0172-780X|quote=|via=}}</ref>


==Symptom recognition==
==Symptom recognition==
Abdominal pain is significantly more common in [[pediatric myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome|children with ME/CFS]] compared top adults with ME/CFS.<ref name="JasonL2006paed">{{Cite journal  
Abdominal pain is significantly more common in [[pediatric myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome|children with ME/CFS]] compared top adults with ME/CFS.<ref name="JasonL2006paed">{{Cite journal | last1 = Jason | first1 = Leonard A | author-link1 = Leonard Jason | last2 = Jordan | first2 = Karen | author-link2 = Karen Jordan | last3 = Miike | first3 = Teruhisa | author-link3 = Teruhisa Miike | last4 = Bell | first4 = David S | author-link4 = David Bell | last5 = Lapp | first5 = Charles| author-link5 = Charles Lapp | last6 = Torres-Harding | first6 = Susan | author-link6 = Susan Torres-Harding | last7 = Rowe | first7 = Kathy | author-link8 = Kathy Rowe | last8 = Gurwitt | first8 = Alan | author-link8 = Alan Gurwitt | last9 = De Meirleir | first9 = Kenny | author-link9 = Kenny de Meirleir | last10 = Van Hoof | first10 = Elke LS | author-link10 = Elke Van Hoof | title = A Pediatric Case Definition for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | journal = Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | volume = 13 | issue = 2-3 | pages = 1-44 | date = 2006 | doi = 10.1300/J092v13n02_01 }}</ref>
| last1   = Jason | first1 = Leonard A         | authorlink1 = Leonard Jason
| last2   = Jordan | first2 = Karen             | authorlink2 = Karen Jordan
| last3   = Miike | first3 = Teruhisa           | authorlink3 = Teruhisa Miike
| last4   = Bell | first4 = David S           | authorlink4 = David Bell
| last5   = Lapp | first5 = Charles           | authorlink5 = Charles Lapp
| last6   = Torres-Harding | first6 = Susan             | authorlink6 = Susan Torres-Harding
| last7   = Rowe | first7 = Kathy             | authorlink7 = Kathy Rowe
| last8   = Gurwitt | first8 = Alan               | authorlink8 = Alan Gurwitt
| last9   = De Meirleir | first9 = Kenny             | authorlink9 = Kenny de Meirleir
| last10 = Van Hoof | first10= Elke LS           | authorlink10= Elke Van Hoof
| title = A Pediatric Case Definition for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | journal = Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | volume = 13 | issue = 2-3 | page = 1-44| date = 2006| doi     = 10.1300/J092v13n02_01 }}</ref>


===Long COVID ===
===Long COVID ===
Abdominal pain is a potential symptom of [[Long COVID]] in the [[World Health Organization Long COVID diagnostic criteria|World Health Organization]]'s definition.<ref name="WHO-longcovid-criteria">{{citation|title =A clinical case definition of post COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus
Abdominal pain is a potential symptom of [[Long COVID]] in the [[World Health Organization Long COVID diagnostic criteria|World Health Organization]]'s definition.<ref name="WHO-longcovid-criteria">{{citation | title = A clinical case definition of post COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus | date = Oct 6, 2021 | publisher = [[World Health Organization]] | others = World Health Organization (WHO) clinical case definition working group on post COVID-19 condition | first1 = Joan B. | last1 = Soriano | first2 = Maya | last2 = Allan | first3 = Carine | last3 = Alsokhn | first4 = Nisreen A. | last4 = Alwan | author-link4 = Nisreen Alwan | first5 = Lisa | last5 = Askie | first6 = Hannah E. | last6 = Davis | author-link6 = Hannah Davis | first7 = Janet V. | last7 = Diaz | first8 = Tarun | last8 = Dua | first9 = Wouter | last9 = de Groote | first10 = Robert | last10 = Jakob | first11 = Marta | last11 = Lado | first12 = John | last12 = Marshall | first13 = Srin | last13 = Murthy | first14 = Jacobus | last14 = Preller | first15 = Pryanka | last15 = Relan | first16 = Nicoline | last16 = Schiess | first17 = Archana | last17 = Seahwag | ref = WHO reference number: WHO/2019-nCoV/Post_COVID-19_condition/Clinical_case_definition/2021.1 | url = https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/WHO-2019-nCoV-Post_COVID-19_condition-Clinical_case_definition-2021.1}}</ref>
|date=Oct 6, 2021 |publisher=[[World Health Organization]]
|others=World Health Organization (WHO) clinical case definition working group on post COVID-19 condition |first1=Joan B. |last1=Soriano |first2=Maya |last2=Allan |first3=Carine |last3=Alsokhn |first4=Nisreen A. |last4=Alwan |author-link4=Nisreen Alwan |first5=Lisa |last5=Askie |first6=Hannah E. |last6=Davis |author-link6=Hannah Davis |first7=Janet V. |last7=Diaz |first8=Tarun |last8=Dua |first9=Wouter |last9=de Groote |first10=Robert |last10=Jakob |first11=Marta |last11=Lado |first12=John |last12=Marshall |first13=Srin |last13=Murthy |first14=Jacobus |last14=Preller |first15=Pryanka |last15=Relan |first16=Nicoline |last16=Schiess |first17=Archana |last17=Seahwag
|ref=WHO reference number: WHO/2019-nCoV/Post_COVID-19_condition/Clinical_case_definition/2021.1
|url =https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/WHO-2019-nCoV-Post_COVID-19_condition-Clinical_case_definition-2021.1}}</ref>


==Research studies==
==Research studies==
* 2010, Gut inflammation in chronic fatigue syndrome<ref name="Lakhan2010">{{Cite journal|last=Lakhan|first=Shaheen E|last2=Kirchgessner|first2=Annette|date=2010|title=Gut inflammation in chronic fatigue syndrome|url=http://nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-7075-7-79|journal=Nutrition & Metabolism|language=en|volume=7|issue=1|pages=79|doi=10.1186/1743-7075-7-79|issn=1743-7075}}</ref>
* 2010, Gut inflammation in chronic fatigue syndrome<ref name="Lakhan2010">{{Cite journal | last = Lakhan | first = Shaheen E | last2 = Kirchgessner | first2 = Annette | date = 2010 | title = Gut inflammation in chronic fatigue syndrome | url = http://nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-7075-7-79 | journal = Nutrition & Metabolism|language=en | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 79|doi=10.1186/1743-7075-7-79|issn=1743-7075}}</ref>


==Possible causes==
==Possible causes==
Line 40: Line 25:
*[[Antibiotic]]s
*[[Antibiotic]]s
*Diet, such as the [[low FODMAP diet]]
*Diet, such as the [[low FODMAP diet]]
*[[Probiotic]]s{{citation needed|date=2021}}
*[[Probiotic]]s{{citation needed | date = 2021}}


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 12:37, April 3, 2023

Abdominal pain or stomach pain is a common complaint in ME/CFS. It often forms a part of a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)[1] or gastroparesis[2] both of which are common in ME/CFS patients, although it may have other causes, such as ulcers and should be investigated to rule out alternate diagnoses.

Prevalence[edit | edit source]

  • Katrina Berne, PhD, reports a prevalence of 50-90% for IBS symptoms (including diarrhea, nausea, gas, and abdominal pain).[3]
  • In a 2001 Belgian study, 81.8% of patients meeting the Fukuda criteria and 85.6% of patients meeting the Holmes criteria, in a cohort of 2073 CFS patients, reported gastrointestinal disturbance.[4]

ME/CFS[edit | edit source]

Maes et al. (2014) found that both abdominal pain/cramps and abdominal pain that eased after a bowel movement were significantly more common in ME/CFS compared to chronic fatigue patients.[5]

Symptom recognition[edit | edit source]

Abdominal pain is significantly more common in children with ME/CFS compared top adults with ME/CFS.[6]

Long COVID[edit | edit source]

Abdominal pain is a potential symptom of Long COVID in the World Health Organization's definition.[7]

Research studies[edit | edit source]

  • 2010, Gut inflammation in chronic fatigue syndrome[8]

Possible causes[edit | edit source]

Potential treatments[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

Learn more[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ [citation needed]
  2. ↑ The Gastroparesis and Dysmotilities Association. "Your Upper Digestive Distress is NOT: IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome)" (PDF). The Gastroparesis and Dysmotilities Association. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  3. ↑ Berne, Katrina (December 1, 1995). Running on Empty: The Complete Guide to Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFIDS) (2nd ed.). Hunter House. p. 58. ISBN 978-0897931915.
  4. ↑ De Becker, Pascale; McGregor, Neil; De Meirleir, Kenny (December 2001). "A definition‐based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome". Journal of Internal Medicine. 250 (3): 234–240. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x.
  5. ↑ Maes, Michael; Leunis, Jean-Claude; Geffard, Michel; Berk, Michael (2014). "Evidence for the existence of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) with and without abdominal discomfort (irritable bowel) syndrome". Neuro Endocrinology Letters. 35 (6): 445–453. ISSN 0172-780X. PMID 25433843.
  6. ↑ Jason, Leonard A; Jordan, Karen; Miike, Teruhisa; Bell, David S; Lapp, Charles; Torres-Harding, Susan; Rowe, Kathy; Gurwitt, Alan; De Meirleir, Kenny; Van Hoof, Elke LS (2006). "A Pediatric Case Definition for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome". Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. 13 (2–3): 1–44. doi:10.1300/J092v13n02_01.
  7. ↑ Soriano, Joan B.; Allan, Maya; Alsokhn, Carine; Alwan, Nisreen A.; Askie, Lisa; Davis, Hannah E.; Diaz, Janet V.; Dua, Tarun; de Groote, Wouter; Jakob, Robert; Lado, Marta; Marshall, John; Murthy, Srin; Preller, Jacobus; Relan, Pryanka; Schiess, Nicoline; Seahwag, Archana (October 6, 2021), A clinical case definition of post COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus, World Health Organization (WHO) clinical case definition working group on post COVID-19 condition, World Health Organization
  8. ↑ Lakhan, Shaheen E; Kirchgessner, Annette (2010). "Gut inflammation in chronic fatigue syndrome". Nutrition & Metabolism. 7 (1): 79. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-7-79. ISSN 1743-7075.

myalgic encephalomyelitis (M.E.) - A disease often marked by neurological symptoms, but fatigue is sometimes a symptom as well. Some diagnostic criteria distinguish it from chronic fatigue syndrome, while other diagnostic criteria consider it to be a synonym for chronic fatigue syndrome. A defining characteristic of ME is post-exertional malaise (PEM), or post-exertional neuroimmune exhaustion (PENE), which is a notable exacerbation of symptoms brought on by small exertions. PEM can last for days or weeks. Symptoms can include cognitive impairments, muscle pain (myalgia), trouble remaining upright (orthostatic intolerance), sleep abnormalities, and gastro-intestinal impairments, among others. An estimated 25% of those suffering from ME are housebound or bedbound. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies ME as a neurological disease.

World Health Organization (WHO) - "A specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with public health. It was established on 7 April 1948, and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. The WHO is a member of the United Nations Development Group. Its predecessor, the Health Organization, was an agency of the League of Nations." The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) is maintained by WHO.

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