Stigma and discrimination

Stigma is an experience often described by people with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Notable studies

 * 1982, Suffering and the Social Construction of Illness: The Delegitimation of Illness Experience in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | (abstract)
 * 2001, Attitudes Regarding Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: The Importance of a Name (Abstract)
 * 2001, Gender biases underlying the social construction of illness states: The case of chronic fatigue syndrome (Abstract)
 * 2001, Measuring Attributions About Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Abstract)
 * 2001, Assessing attitudes toward new names for chronic fatigue syndrome (Abstract)
 * 2002, Women's experiences of stigma in relation to chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia.
 * 2004, Stigma and chronic fatigue syndrome: Surveying a name change (Abstract, full text downloadable)
 * 2007, The Effectiveness of Early Educational Intervention in Improving Future Physicians' Attitudes Regarding CFS/FM (Abstract)
 * 2016, Educational Priorities for Healthcare Providers and Name Suggestions for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Including the Patient Voice (Full Text)
 * 2017, Research Volunteers’ Attitudes Toward Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis
 * 2017, Epistemic injustice in healthcare encounters: evidence from chronic fatigue syndrome | (Full text)
 * 2018, Are ME/CFS Patient Organizations "Militant"? : Patient Protest in a Medical Controversy. (Abstract)
 * 2018, Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and the biopsychosocial model: a review of patient harm and distress in the medical encounter (Abstract)
 * 2018, Effects of unsupportive social interactions, stigma, and symptoms on patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome (Abstract)
 * 2018, A content analysis of chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis in the news from 1987 to 2013 (Abstract)
 * 2018, Stigma in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and its association with functioning (Abstract)

Learn more

 * 2015, THIRTY YEARS OF DISDAIN: How HHS and A Group of Psychiatrists Buried Myalgic Encephalomyelitis