Chronic Lyme disease

Chronic Lyme disease is caused by a long-standing active Borrelia burgdorferi infection. There's an overwhelming amount of research, both in vitro and in vivo, that supports the fact that B. burgdorferi can persist in the human body, not only in the spirochetal but also in the antibiotic-resistant biofilm form, even after antibiotic treatment. Despite this, parts of the medical community discard this disease in conflict with science.



Notable research

 * 2013, Quirky Lyme disease bacteria: Unlike most organisms, they don't need iron, but crave manganese


 * 2016, Ticks that transmit Lyme disease reported in nearly half of all US counties.


 * 2016, Gene Signature Could Lead To A New Way Of Diagnosing Lyme

Multiple Pathogens

 * 2016, Researchers identify new Borrelia species that causes Lyme disease

Pathobiome Paradigm

 * 2015, Some future research will focus on a spectrum of pathogens instead of a "one pathogen-one disease" vision.

United States Congressional Report

 * 2018, Tick-Borne Disease Working Group - 2018 Report to Congress

United States

 * Two-step Laboratory Testing Process
 * Types of Lyme Disease Tests
 * Laboratory tests that are not recommended

United Kingdom

 * BBC1 Lyme Disease Discussion - Some patients have waited up to 30 years for a correct diagnosis. National Health Service (NHS) services have only correctly identified the disease in a quarter of the patients. The blood tests are unreliable and often come back negative. The development of an accurate blood test is in need of research funding.


 * Department of Health and Social Care (UK) Testing for Lyme Disease

False positives
Several herpesviruses including varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and HSV-2 may cause false positives on Lyme Disease tests.

News media on unapproved tests

 * 2005, Unproved Lyme Disease Tests Prompt Warnings


 * 2013, Many tests to diagnose Lyme, but no proof they work


 * 2013, Lyme Culture Test Causes Uproar


 * 2014, Federal Loopholes Compromise Lyme Disease Testing

Herpesviruses
Lyme may cause reactivation of latent herpesviruses. At the same time, several herpesviruses including varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, and HSV-2 may cause false positives on lyme disease tests.

Pathobiome paradigm
Some future research will focus on a spectrum of pathogens instead of a "one pathogen-one disease" vision.

Lyme Disease vs Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

 * 2009, "The Department of Health and Social Care (UK) remains concerned about the growing number of patients, particularly those suffering from chronic conditions such as myalgic encephalopathy (ME) or chronic fatigue syndrome, who receive a false diagnosis of Lyme disease from private laboratories offering unvalidated tests that lack the sensitivity and specificity to detect B. burgdorferi. A report of the Department’s investigation into the use of such tests in the diagnosis of Lyme disease is available at Report on Lyme Disease: Unorthodox and Unvalidated Laboratory Tests in the Diagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis and in Relation to Medically Unexplained Symptoms. Misinformation about Lyme disease is readily available to patients via the internet and can lead them to seek inappropriate diagnosis and treatment."
 * 2011, Lyme Disease and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome are different diseases. Research is published on cerebrospinal fluid, and distinct differences were found.
 * 2016, Post Lyme Disease and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) – Are They The Same?


 * There are many historical outbreaks of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome that do not correlate with a tick-borne pathogen.

Learn more

 * Lyme and Tick-Borne Diseases Research Center


 * Lyme Disease Video Short
 * Tickborne Diseases - Confronting a Growing Threat