Toll-like receptor 4

TLR4 or TLR-4 or toll-like receptor 4 is one of ten toll-like receptors.

ME/CFS
TLR4 is upregulated in ME/CFS patients.

Infection
Coxsackie B4 triggers TLR4 on human pancreatic cells, TLR4 knock-out mice infected with Coxsackie B3 showed reduced myocarditis and viral replication.

Potential treatments
Low dose naltrexone (LDN), lithium, and oxymatrine inhibit microglial activation via TLR4.

Notable studies

 * 2009, A gene signature for post-Infectious chronic fatigue syndrome (Full Text)
 * 2009, Moderate Exercise Increases Expression for Sensory, Adrenergic, and Immune Genes in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients But Not in Normal Subjects (Full Text)