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Yoga
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==Risks and criticism == General reports of harms and adverse effects during yoga have been increasing in recent years, and include: * [[Lower back pain]] and [[myalgia|muscle pain]] * Aggravating existing pain * Musculoskeletal pain may occur even in healthy individuals * Adverse effects from yoga may be serious rather than mild, including bone fractures, tendon or ligament injuries, muscle strain, myositis ossificans of the forearm, eye disorders, and [[dyspnea|breathing difficulties]] * A group of 2508 patients with various chronic illnesses or taking medication found that close to 30% had experienced adverse effects of yoga taught by qualified instructors * In the same group, 36% of adverse reactions were serious rather than mild * People with long-term musculoskeletal conditions, chronic diseases, in poor physical condition on the survey day, people over 70, and people who found the yoga mentally or physically stressful were at increased risk of adverse events serious enough to prevent future yoga sessions<ref name="Oka2021" /> Risks to ME/CFS patients may also include: * [[Post-exertional malaise]] since yoga is a form of exercise * Yoga instructors often used background music, especially for relaxation, but this may instead provoke [[ME/CFS]] symptoms in patients with [[noise sensitivity]] * Some patients may be housebound or bedbound and be unable to travel to yoga classes on the day * Standing poses typically used in yoga may be unsafe since many patients with ME/CFS have [[orthostatic intolerance]], risks including injury from [[fainting]], [[post-exertional malaise]] and tachycardia * [[Dizziness]] has been reported even during seated isometric yoga * [[Short-term memory problems]] and [[cognitive dysfunction]] may prevent patients from understanding the instructions, and concentrating may cause [[fatigue]] in patients * Patients may accidentally over-stretch, increasing [[pain]] * Patients who need assistance weh everyday activities may be unable to participate, and patients with [[severe and very severe ME#verysevere|severe or very severe ME]] may be unable to sit for long enough to do seated yoga<ref name="Oka, 2014" />
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