Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus

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Revision as of 01:51, May 25, 2017 by DxCFS (talk | contribs) (→‎Learn more: Abbie Smith XMRV Series)

Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) is "a laboratory-derived mouse virus that was generated through recombination between two endogenous murine retroviruses during propagation of a prostate cancer xenograft in the mid-1990’s."[1]

Chronic fatigue syndrome[edit | edit source]

An October 2009 paper by Vincent Lombardi, Francis Ruscetti, Jaydip Das Gupta, Max Pfost, Kathryn S. Hagen, Daniel Peterson, Sandra Ruscetti, Rachel K. Bagni, Cari Petrow-Sadowski, Bert Gold, Michael Dean, Robert Silverman Judy Mikovits entitled "Detection of an Infectious Retrovirus, XMRV, in Blood Cells of Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome" claimed to have found a link between chronic fatigue syndrome and the presence of the retrovirus.[2] The paper's primary authors were at that time based at the Whittemore Peterson Institute (WPI) in Reno, Nevada, United States. The WPI soon began offering a controversial commercial XMRV testing service.[3][4]

Other labs around the world were unable to detect XMRV in their patient samples. In July 2011 the journal issued an editorial expression of concern about the paper.[5]

The paper was fully retracted in December 2011 by the journal.[6][7]

One of the key scientists involved in efforts to clarify the situation surrounding XMRV, and eventually to debunk the science, was Ian Lipkin of Columbia University in New York.[8]

Doctor Mikovits has maintained her view that XMRV is a public health risk and documents those views in her book Plague with co-author Kent Heckenlively.[9][10]

Mainstream science considers XMRV to be a laboratory artefact and not a threat to human health or related to chronic fatigue syndrome.[11][12]

Notable studies[edit | edit source]

Studies unable to detect XMRV in CFS patients[edit | edit source]

Learn more[edit | edit source]

Abbie Smith blog series of XMRV research[edit | edit source]

Nevada newsmakers report on XMRV[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. NCI'S Vinay K. Pathak on the "De-Discovery" of a retrovirus-disease link
  2. Detection of an Infectious Retrovirus, XMRV, in Blood Cells of Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
  3. WPI-Licensed Test for XMRV & Variants Now Available
  4. XMRV testing in the UK
  5. Editorial Expression of Concern
  6. Chronic fatigue syndrome-XMRV paper retracted by Science, completely this time
  7. Retraction
  8. The scientist who put the nail in XMRV's coffin
  9. PLAGUE – The Update on XMRV
  10. Tracking retractions as a window into the scientific process Chronic fatigue syndrome researcher Mikovits, who championed link to XMRV, to publish book
  11. Wikipedia - XMRV - Chronic fatigue syndrome
  12. Final Study Confirms: Virus Not Implicated in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
  13. Alter, H. J., Mikovits, J. A., Switzer, W. M., Ruscetti, F. W., Lo, S.-C., Klimas, N., … Lipkin, W. I. (2012). A Multicenter Blinded Analysis Indicates No Association between Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and either Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus or Polytropic Murine Leukemia Virus. mBio, 3(5), e00266–12. http://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00266-12
  14. Shin CH, Bateman L, Schlaberg R, Bunker AM, Leonard CJ, Hughen RW, Light AR, Light KC, Singh IR. (2011) Absence of XMRV retrovirus and other murine leukemia virus-related viruses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Virology. 2011 Jul;85(14):7195-202. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00693-11.
  15. Oakes B, Qiu X, Levine S, Hackett J Jr, Huber BT. (2011). Failure to Detect XMRV-Specific Antibodies in the Plasma of CFS Patients Using Highly Sensitive Chemiluminescence Immunoassays. Advances in Virology,2011:854540. doi: 10.1155/2011/854540.
  16. Imke Steffen, D. Lorne Tyrrell, Eleanor Stein, Leilani Montalvo, Tzong-Hae Lee, Yanchen Zhou, Kai Lu, William M. Switzer, Shaohua Tang, Hongwei Jia, Darren Hockman, Deanna M. Santer, Michael Logan, Amir Landi, John Law, Michael Houghton, and Graham Simmons. (2011). No Evidence for XMRV Nucleic Acids, Infectious Virus or Anti-XMRV Antibodies in Canadian Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. PLoS ONE, 6(11), e27870. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027870
  17. Furuta, R. A., Miyazawa, T., Sugiyama, T., Kuratsune, H., Ikeda, Y., Sato, E., … Hirayama, F. (2011). No association of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus with prostate cancer or chronic fatigue syndrome in Japan. Retrovirology, 8, 20. http://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-8-20
  18. Harriet CT Groom, Virginie C Boucherit, Kerry Makinson, Edward Randal, Sarah Baptista, Suzanne Hagan, John W Gow, Frank M Mattes, Judith Breuer, Jonathan R Kerr, Jonathan P Stoye and Kate N Bishop. (2010). Absence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in UK patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Retrovirology, 2010, 7:10. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-7-10
  19. van Kuppeveld Frank J M, Jong Arjan S de, Lanke Kjerstin H, Verhaegh Gerald W, Melchers Willem J G, Swanink Caroline M A et al. Prevalence of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome in the Netherlands: retrospective analysis of samples from an established cohort BMJ 2010; 340 :c1018
  20. Ping Hong, Jinming LiEmail, and Yongzhe Li. (2010). Failure to detect Xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus in Chinese patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Virology Journal, 2010, 7:224. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-7-224
  21. Hohn, O., Strohschein, K., Brandt, A. U., Seeher, S., Klein, S., Kurth, R., … Bannert, N. (2010). No Evidence for XMRV in German CFS and MS Patients with Fatigue Despite the Ability of the Virus to Infect Human Blood Cells In Vitro. PLoS ONE, 5(12), e15632. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015632