Sleep dysfunction

From MEpedia, a crowd-sourced encyclopedia of ME and CFS science and history
Revision as of 15:34, July 21, 2018 by 77.111.246.5 (talk) (→‎Notable studies: posted as external link, will need to be properly referenced in a citation template)

Sleep dysfunction is nearly universal in ME/CFS patients, although it can take a very wide range of forms. A 2017 study by Davidson, et al, found up to 96.8% of people with CFS report unrefreshing sleep and many describe changes in sleep over the course of their illness.[1]

Some of these sleep dysfunctions include:

  • dysania[2] (a state of finding it hard to get out of bed in the morning; in ME/CFS it can an extended period lasting several hours after awakening)
  • hypersomnia (sleeping too much)
  • hypnagogia (transitional state from wakefulness to sleep during which lucid thought, lucid dreaming, hallucinations and, sleep paralysis can occur)
  • insomnia (difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, and/or waking up too early in the morning)
  • light sleep (a non-REM stage and the easiest sleep stage to awaken from)
  • myoclonus (an involuntary twitch which occurs when a person is beginning to fall asleep, causing them to jump and awaken)
  • nightmares (a frightening or unpleasant dream)
  • night sweats (excessive sweating while you sleep)
  • sleep phase shifting[3] (a shift in circadian rhythm; a sleep-wake cycle that does not correspond to the day-night cycle)
  • somnolence (sleepiness)
  • unrefreshing sleep (poor-quality sleep that doesn't relieve fatigue)

Prevalence[edit | edit source]

  • Depending on the criteria used for diagnosis, prevalence can vary greatly.
  • In a 2001 Belgian study, 91.9% of patients meeting the Fukuda criteria and 94.8% of patients meeting the Holmes criteria, in a cohort of 2073 CFS patients, reported sleep disturbances.[4]

Symptom recognition[edit | edit source]

Sleep dysfunction is a core requirement to meet the diagnostic criteria for ME/CFS according to the 2003 Canadian Consensus Criteria,[5] the 2007 Nightingale definition,[6] and the 2015 Institute of Medicine report.[7]

Sleep dysfunction is an optional symptom in the 1988 Holmes criteria,[8] the 1991 Oxford criteria,[9] the 1994 Fukuda criteria,[10] the 2005 Reeves criteria,[11] the 2007 NICE guidelines,[12] the 2012 International Consensus Criteria[13], and the 2014 London criteria.[14]

Sleep dysfunction is not a criteria listed for diagnosis with the 1986 Ramsay definition.[15]

Notable studies[edit | edit source]

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment can include sedatives, antidepressants, cannabidiol (CBD), meditation and good sleep hygiene practices.

Amitriptyline may be helpful for improving quality of sleep in individuals with CFS. [21][22] While originally considered an antidepressant, it is also prescribed at low doses to specifically manage pain and sleep for a number of conditions.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Davidson, Sean L.; Gotts, Zoe M.; Ellis, Jason G.; Newton, Julia L. (March 2017), "Two year follow-up of sleep diaries and polysomnography in chronic fatigue syndrome: a cohort study", Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior, doi:10.1080/21641846.2017.1297280
  2. ↑ https://ammes.org/symptoms-of-mecfs/
  3. ↑ Cambras T, Castro-Marrero J, Zaragoza MC, Díez-Noguera A, Alegre J (2018) Circadian rhythm abnormalities and autonomic dysfunction in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis. PLoS ONE 13(6): e0198106. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198106
  4. ↑ De Becker, P; McGregor, N; De Meirleir, K (September 2001), "A definition-based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.", Journal of Internal Medicine, 250 (3): 234-240, PMID 11555128
  5. ↑ http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J092v11n01_02#.VmfS2GHXJhE
  6. ↑ http://www.nightingale.ca/documents/Nightingale_ME_Definition_en.pdf
  7. ↑ http://iom.nationalacademies.org/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2015/MECFS/MECFS_ProposedDiagnosticCriteria?_ga=1.14761526.1865741811.1437002921
  8. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2829679
  9. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1999813
  10. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7978722
  11. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16356178
  12. ↑ https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG53/chapter/1-Guidance#diagnosis
  13. ↑ http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x/full
  14. ↑ http://www.axfordsabode.org.uk/me/mecrit2014.htm
  15. ↑ The Clinical Features of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis
  16. ↑ Olivier Le Bon, Daniel Neu, Filomena Valente & Paul Linkowski. (2007). Health-Related Quality of Life in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome versus Rheumatoid Arthritis as Control Group. Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Vol. 14, Iss. 2, pp. 45-59. DOI:10.1300/J092v14n02_05
  17. ↑ Jackson, ML; Bruck, D (2012), "Sleep Abnormalities in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Review, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine", Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 8 (6): 719-28, doi:10.5664/jcsm.2276
  18. ↑ Josev, EK; Jackson, ML; Bei, B; Trinder, J; Harvey, A; Clarke, C; Snodgrass, K; Scheinberg, A; Knight, SJ (2017), "Sleep Quality in Adolescents With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME)", Academy of Sleep Medicine, 13 (9): 1057–1066, doi:10.5664/jcsm.6722
  19. ↑ Cambras, T.; Castro-Marrero, J.; Zaragoza, MC.; Díez-Noguera, A.; Alegre, J. (2018), "Circadian rhythm abnormalities and autonomic dysfunction in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis", PLoS ONE, 13 (6): e0198106, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198106
  20. ↑ Morris, Gerwyn; Stubbs, Brendon; Köhler, Cristiano A.; Walder, Ken; Slyepchenko, Anastasiya; Berk, Michael; Carvalho, André F. (2018), "The putative role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the pathophysiology of sleep dysfunction across neuropsychiatric disorders : Focus on Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Bipolar Disorder and Multiple Sclerosis", Sleep Med Reviews, doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2018.03.007, PMID 29759891
  21. ↑ http://sacfs.asn.au/download/guidelines.pdf
  22. ↑ http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chronic-fatigue-syndrome/Pages/Treatment.aspx

circadian rhythm Physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a 24-hour cycle, responding mostly to light and dark. Controlled the brain's hypothalamus. (Learn more: www.nigms.nih.gov)

chronic fatigue (CF) - Persistent and abnormal fatigue is a symptom, not an illness. It may be caused by depression, multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome or many other illnesses. The term "chronic fatigue" should never be confused with the disease chronic fatigue syndrome.

myalgic encephalomyelitis (M.E.) - A disease often marked by neurological symptoms, but fatigue is sometimes a symptom as well. Some diagnostic criteria distinguish it from chronic fatigue syndrome, while other diagnostic criteria consider it to be a synonym for chronic fatigue syndrome. A defining characteristic of ME is post-exertional malaise (PEM), or post-exertional neuroimmune exhaustion (PENE), which is a notable exacerbation of symptoms brought on by small exertions. PEM can last for days or weeks. Symptoms can include cognitive impairments, muscle pain (myalgia), trouble remaining upright (orthostatic intolerance), sleep abnormalities, and gastro-intestinal impairments, among others. An estimated 25% of those suffering from ME are housebound or bedbound. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies ME as a neurological disease.

circadian rhythm Physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a 24-hour cycle, responding mostly to light and dark. Controlled the brain's hypothalamus. (Learn more: www.nigms.nih.gov)

stress Stress can by either physical or psychological, or both. Stress is either 1) a state of emotional or psychological strain or 2) the physical stress (pressure or tension) that a physical object such the human body is placed under, e.g., a stress test is a medical test that monitors the cardiovascular system during strenuous exercise.

Retrieved from "https://me-pedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sleep_dysfunction&oldid=34946"