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{{stub}} {{Cleanup/Citations needed|reason=Needs citations adding. | date = 2018}} '''S-adenosylmethionine''' or '''SAME-e''' is an [[amino acid]] creates of [[methionine]] that is synthesized in the body that acts as the body's main methyl donor in many different [[energy metabolism|metabolic reactions]].<ref name="nccih">{{Cite web | title = S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAMe): In Depth|url = https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/sadenosyllmethionine-same-in-depth | date = Jan 2017|access-date = 2021-02-26|website =National Center for Complimentary and Integrative Health}}</ref> '''S-adenosylmethionine''' is available as a nutritional supplement and is also known as: *'''ADE-SD4''' *'''Ademetionine''', *'''Adenosylmethionine''' *'''S-Adenosyl Methionine''', '''S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine''' or '''S-Adenosylmethionine''', *'''S-Adenosylmethionine Butanedisulfonate''' *'''S-Adenosylmethionine Tosylate''', '''S-Adenosylmethionine Tosylate Disulfate''', * '''SAMe''' or '''SAM-e''', *'''Sammy''' or '''Samyr''', and abbreviated as: *'''AdoMet''', '''SAM-e''' or '''SAMe''',<ref name="drugscom">{{Cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/npp/same.html| title = SAMe Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database|website=Drugs.com|language=en|access-date=2019-10-15}}</ref> S-adenosylmethionine may become depleted with [[B vitamin|B-vitamin]] deficiency, chronic inflammation, and has been observed to decrease with age.{{citation needed| date = April 2018}} ==Theory == Low levels of SAMe have been found in people with liver disease and [[depression]]. It may also have a role in reducing [[pain]] or help reduce symptoms of [[osteoarthritis]] or other illnesses.<ref name="nccih" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.webmd.com/diet/supplement-guide-sam-e| title = SAM-e (Ademetionine, SAMe)|website=WebMD|language=en|access-date=2021-02-27}}</ref> SAMe may help people with [[ME/CFS]] by restoring methyl donor levels, allowing methylation reactions to continue at a normal rate. If there is a deficiency of methyl donors in the central nervous system, SAMe supplementation might be expected to improve some brain function, or improve mood. Among many other synthetic reactions, SAMe aids in the synthesis of the [[neurotransmitter]]s [[norepinephrine]], [[dopamine]], and [[serotonin]]. ==Evidence== A small number of studies have been conducted in [[fibromyalgia]] patients which showed some positive effects when taking SAMe.<ref name="FM1993study">{{Cite journal | last = Di Benedetto | first = P. | last2 = Iona | first2 = L.G. | last3 = Zidarich | first3 = V. | date = 1993-02-01| title = Clinical evaluation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in primary fibromyalgia|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X05802504|journal=Current Therapeutic Research|volume=53|issue=2|pages=222–229|doi=10.1016/S0011-393X(05)80250-4|issn=0011-393X}}</ref><ref name="Jacobsen1991">{{Cite journal | last= Jacobsen | first = S. | last2 = Danneskiold-Samsøe | first2 = B. | last3 = Andersen | first3 = R.B. | date = 1991| title = Oral S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgia. Double-blind clinical evaluation|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1925418/|journal=Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology|volume=20|issue=4|pages=294–302|doi=10.3109/03009749109096803|issn=0300-9742|pmid=1925418}}</ref><ref name="Tavoni">{{Cite journal | last = Tavoni | first = A. | last2 = Vitali | first2 = C. | last3 = Bombardieri | first3 = S. | last4 = Pasero | first4 = G. | date = 1987-11-20| title = Evaluation of S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgia. A double-blind crossover study|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3318438|journal=The American Journal of Medicine|volume=83|issue=5A|pages=107–110|doi=10.1016/0002-9343(87)90862-x|issn=0002-9343|pmid=3318438}}</ref><ref name="FMsupplements2000">{{Cite journal | last = Edwards | first = A.M. | last2 = Blackburn | first2 = L. | last3 = Christie | first3 = S. | last4 = Townsend | first4 = S. | last5 = David | first5 = J. | date = 2000-01-01| title = Food Supplements in the Treatment of Primary Fibromyalgia: A Double-blind, Crossover Trial of Anthocyanidins and Placebo|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840050134863|journal=Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine|volume=10|issue=3|pages=189–199|doi=10.1080/13590840050134863|issn=1359-0847}}</ref> The main positive effect has been described as a reduction in pain levels.<ref name="FMsupplements2000" /> However, Volkmann et al (2009) found no significant effect in a ten day trial of fibromyalgia patients.<ref name="Volkmann">{{Cite journal | last = Volkmann | first = H. | last2 = Norregaard | first2 = J. | last3 = Jacobsen | first3 = S. | last4 = Danneskiold-samsøe | first4 = B. | last5 = Knoke | first5 = G. | last6 = Nehrdich | first6 = D. | date = 1997-01-01| title = Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Cross-over Study of Intravenous S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine in Patients with Fibromyalgia|url=https://doi.org/10.3109/03009749709065682|journal=Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology|volume=26|issue=3|pages=206–211|doi=10.3109/03009749709065682|issn=0300-9742}}</ref> ==Risks and safety== ==Costs and availability== ==See also== * [[Methionine]] * [[Methylation cycle]] * [[Methylation cycle hypothesis]] ==Learn more== * [https://www.drugs.com/npp/same.html SAMe - drugs.com] *[https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/sadenosyllmethionine-same-in-depth S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAMe): In Depth] *[https://www.webmd.com/diet/supplement-guide-sam-e SAM-e (S-adenosylmethionine, SAMe] - WebMD ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Potential treatments]] [[Category:Amino acids]] [[Category:Supplements]] [[Category:Depression alternative treatments]] [[Category:Depression treatments]] [[Category:Analgesics]]
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