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Positron emission tomography
(section)
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== How it works == PET uses radioactive tracers (also called radiotracer or radioligand), which are chemical compounds that are biologically active, meaning that the compound functions/reacts/ has a biological purpose in the body. These compounds have been altered such that their structure includes a positron-emitting radioisotope (a radioactive atom). This means that the radiotracer’s movement and activity throughout the body can be detected with a PET machine. Many biological compounds have been made into a radiotracer, which allows for observation of how that compound acts throughout a region of the body.{{Citation needed | date = Mar 2021}} === FDG === For example, fludeoxyglucose (FDG), an analogue of [[glucose]], is a commonly used measure of [[metabolism]]; detection of FDG correlates with regional glucose uptake. Glucose metabolism is an important measure because cancer cells increase their metabolism to support their increased rates of proliferation and distribution throughout the body. Increased metabolic activity is usually accomplished through increased glucose-uptake. Because cancerous tumors have higher levels of metabolic activity, tumors can usually be detected with FDG-PET. In fact, around 90% of clinical PET imaging uses FDG to monitor cancer metastasis.<ref name="Widmann">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20473153 | title = Glucose metabolism in cancer cells | first=A. | last = Annibaldi | first2 = C. | last2 = Widmann|journal=Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care | date = July 2010|volume= 13|issue = 4|pages =466-470| doi=10.1097/MCO.0b013e32833a5577}}</ref>
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