Natural killer cell: Difference between revisions
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== | ==Purpose== | ||
==Evidence== | |||
Numerous studies of [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]] have found evidence of reduced natural killer cell function.<ref>http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/Supplement_1/S136.short</ref><ref>http://www.me-pedia.org/index.php?title=Immune_system#cite_note-1</ref><ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9790479</ref><ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24343819</ref><ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1529104901000472</ref><ref>http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/10/1/88</ref> Some studies have showed natural killer cell function correlates with illness severity.<ref>http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/Supplement_1/S157.short</ref> One study found increased differentiation in NK cells.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26381393 Pilot Study of Natural Killer Cells in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis]</ref> Inconsistency in laboratory preparation and analysis have made it difficult to compare results between laboratories or use NK function as a consistent biomarker.<ref>Reference needed</ref> | Numerous studies of [[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]] have found evidence of reduced natural killer cell function.<ref>http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/Supplement_1/S136.short</ref><ref>http://www.me-pedia.org/index.php?title=Immune_system#cite_note-1</ref><ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9790479</ref><ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24343819</ref><ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1529104901000472</ref><ref>http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/10/1/88</ref> Some studies have showed natural killer cell function correlates with illness severity.<ref>http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/Supplement_1/S157.short</ref> One study found increased differentiation in NK cells.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26381393 Pilot Study of Natural Killer Cells in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis]</ref> Inconsistency in laboratory preparation and analysis have made it difficult to compare results between laboratories or use NK function as a consistent biomarker.<ref>Reference needed</ref> | ||
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=== Smoking === | === Smoking === | ||
Smoking decreases natural killer cell function.<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743504004177</ref> | Smoking decreases natural killer cell function.<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743504004177</ref> | ||
==ME/CFS== | |||
==Learn more== | |||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_killer_cell Wikipedia - Natural killer cell] | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[GcMAF]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references> | <references/> | ||
[[Category: | |||
[[Category:Immune system]] | |||
[[Category:Natural killer cell]] |
Revision as of 09:01, February 16, 2016
Purpose[edit | edit source]
Evidence[edit | edit source]
Numerous studies of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome have found evidence of reduced natural killer cell function.[1][2][3][4][5][6] Some studies have showed natural killer cell function correlates with illness severity.[7] One study found increased differentiation in NK cells.[8] Inconsistency in laboratory preparation and analysis have made it difficult to compare results between laboratories or use NK function as a consistent biomarker.[9]
Modulating NK function[edit | edit source]
Probiotics[edit | edit source]
Some probiotics have been shown to increase NK function, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001,[10] Bifidobacterium lactis HN019[11][12] and Lactobacillus casei Shirota[13][14][15]
AHCC[edit | edit source]
In animal models, Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) has been show to increase NK activity.[16]. Other studies have found no significant increase in NK function.[17]
Stress[edit | edit source]
There is evidence in humans and animal models that psychological stress[18][19] and physical stress, for example surgery,[20][21][22] decreases NK function and promotes tumor development and metastasis.[23][24][25] Mindfulness based meditation or stress reduction may increase natural killer cell function.[26]
Smoking[edit | edit source]
Smoking decreases natural killer cell function.[27]
ME/CFS[edit | edit source]
Learn more[edit | edit source]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/Supplement_1/S136.short
- ↑ http://www.me-pedia.org/index.php?title=Immune_system#cite_note-1
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9790479
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24343819
- ↑ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1529104901000472
- ↑ http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/10/1/88
- ↑ http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/Supplement_1/S157.short
- ↑ Pilot Study of Natural Killer Cells in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis
- ↑ Reference needed
- ↑ Dietary probiotic supplementation enhances natural killer cell activity in the elderly: an investigation of age-related immunological changes
- ↑ Dietary probiotic supplementation enhances natural killer cell activity in the elderly: an investigation of age-related immunological changes
- ↑ Enhancing immunity by dietary consumption of a probiotic lactic acid bacterium (Bifidobacterium lactis HN019): optimization and definition of cellular immune responses
- ↑ Enhancement of natural killer cytotoxicity delayed murine carcinogenesis by a probiotic microorganism
- ↑ "Interleukin‐12 is involved in the enhancement of human natural killer cell activity by Lactobacillus casei Shirota"
- ↑ Modulation of natural killer cell activity by supplementation of fermented milk containing Lactobacillus casei in habitual smokers
- ↑ http://jn.nutrition.org/content/136/11/2868.full
- ↑ http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01635580801993280
- ↑ http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1987-06499-001
- ↑ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/088915919290014F
- ↑ http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19990315)80:6%3C880::AID-IJC14%3E3.0.CO;2-Y/asset/14_ftp.pdf?v=1&t=ih3j738n&s=cb52bd209fea486c1221ba37ba0fdbd94521f356
- ↑ http://archsurg.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=595011
- ↑ http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/44/9/3888.short
- ↑ http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19990315)80:6%3C880::AID-IJC14%3E3.0.CO;2-Y/asset/14_ftp.pdf?v=1&t=ih3j738n&s=cb52bd209fea486c1221ba37ba0fdbd94521f356
- ↑ http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/44/9/3888.short
- ↑ http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/44/9/3888.short
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2586059/
- ↑ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743504004177