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Medicine sensitivities
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{{Cleanup/Citations needed | date = 2022}} '''Medicine sensitivities''' or drug intolerance/sensitivity refers to an inability to tolerate the medication including any side effects when given at therapeutic or subtherapeutic doses. A drug [[allergy]] is a form of drug intolerance that involves an immune-mediated component, and may cause [[anaphylaxis|anaphylactic shock]]. Drug intolerance should not to be confused with drug tolerance (drug resistance) which refers to a ''lack'' of adverse effects even at higher than average doses. Some instances of drug intolerance are known to result from genetic variations in drug metabolism.{{Citation needed | date = 2022}} New medication intolerance is a common problem for [[ME/CFS]] patients, with some patients developing allergic reactions.<ref name="DeBecker2001"/> ==Symptom recognition== *The [[International Consensus Criteria]] lists sensitivities to food, medications, odors or chemicals as an optional criteria for diagnosis, under the section ''C. Immune, gastro-intestinal and genitourinary Impairments''.<ref name="ICC2011criteria">{{citation | last1 = Carruthers | first1 = BM | authorlink1 = Bruce Carruthers | last2 = van de Sande | first2 = MI | authorlink2 = Marjorie van de Sande | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = KL | authorlink3 = Kenny de Meirleir | last4 = Klimas | first4 = NG | authorlink4 = Nancy Klimas | last5 = Broderick | first5 = G | authorlink5 = Gordon Broderick | last6 = Mitchell | first6 = T | authorlink6 = Terry Mitchell | last7 =Staines | first7 = D | authorlink7 = Donald Staines | last8 = Powles | first8 = ACP | authorlink8 = A C Peter Powles | last9 = Speight | first9 = N | authorlink9 = Nigel Speight | last10 = Vallings | first10 = R | authorlink10 = Rosamund Vallings | last11 = Bateman | first11 = L | authorlink11 = Lucinda Bateman | last12 = Baumgarten-Austrheim | first12 = B | authorlink12 = Barbara Baumgarten-Austrheim | last13 = Bell | first13 = DS | authorlink13 = David Bell | last14 = Carlo-Stella | first14 = N | authorlink14 = Nicoletta Carlo-Stella | last15 = Chia | first15 = J | authorlink15 = John Chia | last16 = Darragh | first16 = A | authorlink16 = Austin Darragh | last17 = Jo | first17 = D | authorlink17 = Daehyun Jo | last18 = Lewis | first18 = DP | authorlink18 = Donald P Lewis | last19 = Light | first19 = AR | authorlink19 = Alan Light | last20 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first20 = S | authorlink20 = Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik | last21 = Mena | first21 = I | authorlink21 = Ismael Mena | last22 = Mikovits | first22 = JA | authorlink22 = Judy Mikovits | last23 = Miwa | first23 = K | authorlink23 = Kunihisa Miwa | last24 = Murovska | first24 = M | authorlink24 = Modra Murovska | last25 = Pall | first25 = ML | authorlink25 = Martin Pall | last26 = Stevens | first26 = SR | authorlink26 = Staci Stevens | title = Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International Consensus Criteria | journal = Journal of Internal Medicine | volume = 270| issue = 4| page = 327–338| date = August 22, 2011 | pmid = 21777306 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x| url = http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x/full }}</ref> *2018, The [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) website ME/CFS page [https://www.cdc.gov/me-cfs/healthcare-providers/clinical-care-patients-mecfs/monitoring-medication.html Monitoring the Use of All Medicines and Supplements]<ref name="CDC">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/me-cfs/healthcare-providers/clinical-care-patients-mecfs/monitoring-medication.html | title = Monitoring the Use of All Medicines and Supplements {{!}} Clinical Care of Patients {{!}} Healthcare Providers {{!}} Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | date = 2018-07-10 | website = [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]|language=en-us|access-date=2018-08-23}}</ref> gives guidance for healthcare providers on medications for ME/CFS patients. <blockquote>Many patients with ME/CFS are sensitive to medications. This is particularly true of any medication that acts on the central nervous system, such as sedating medications: therapeutic benefits can often be achieved at lower-than-standard doses. Patients with ME/CFS might tolerate or need only a fraction of the usual recommended doses for medications. After initial management with lower dosing, one or more gradual increases may be considered as necessary and as tolerated by the patient.<ref name="CDC" /></blockquote> ==Prevalence== *In a 2001 Belgian study, 48.5% of patients meeting the [[Fukuda criteria]] and 54.8% of patients meeting the [[Holmes criteria]], in a cohort of 2073 [[chronic fatigue syndrome|CFS]] patients, reported [[New allergies and intolerances|new sensitivities to food or drugs]].<ref name="DeBecker2001">{{Cite journal | last = De Becker | first = Pascale | authorlink = Pascale De Becker | last2 = McGregor | first2 = Neil | authorlink2 = Neil McGregor | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = Kenny | authorlink3 = Kenny De Meirleir | date = December 2001 | title = A definition‐based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|volume=250|issue=3|pages=234–240|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x|quote=|via=}}</ref> ==See also== *[[New allergies and intolerances]] == Learn more == *[[wikipedia:Drug_intolerance|Wikipedia]] ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Signs and symptoms]] [[Category:Sensitivity signs and symptoms]]
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