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List of differential diagnoses for ME/CFS
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{{stub}} Many different diagnoses have been suggest for [[myalgic encephalomyelitis|Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]] (ME/CFS).<ref name="ICC2011primer">{{citation | last = Carruthers | first1 = BM | authorlink1 = Bruce Carruthers | last2 = van de Sande | first2 = MI | authorlink2 = Marjorie van de Sande | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = KL | authorlink3 = Kenny de Meirleir | last4 = Klimas | first4 = NG | authorlink4 = Nancy Klimas | last5 = Broderick | first5 = G | authorlink5 = Gordon Broderick | last6 = Mitchell | first6 = T | authorlink6 = Terry Mitchell | last7 = Staines | first7 = D | authorlink7 = Donald Staines | last8 = Powles | first8 = ACP | authorlink8 = A C Peter Powles | last9 = Speight | first9 = N | authorlink9 = Nigel Speight | last10 = Vallings | first10 = R | authorlink10 = Rosamund Vallings | last11 = Bateman | first11 = L | authorlink11 = Lucinda Bateman | last12 = Bell | first12 = DS | authorlink12 = David Bell | last13 = Carlo-Stella | first13 = N | authorlink13 = Nicoletta Carlo-Stella | last14 = Chia | first14 = J | authorlink14 = John Chia | last15 = Darragh | first15 = A | authorlink15 = Austin Darragh | last16 = Gerken | first16 = A | authorlink16 = Anne Gerken | last17 = Jo | first17 = D | authorlink17 = Daehyun Jo | last18 = Lewis | first18 = DP | authorlink18 = Donald Lewis | last19 = Light | first19 = AR | authorlink19 = Alan Light | last20 = Light | first20 = KC | authorlink20 = Kathleen Light | last21 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first21 = S | authorlink21 = Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik | last22 = McLaren-Howard | first22 = J | authorlink22 = John McLaren-Howard | last23 = Mena | first23 = I | authorlink23 = Ismael Mena | last24 = Miwa | first24 = K | authorlink24 = Kunihisa Miwa | last25 = Murovska | first25 = M | authorlink25= Modra Murovska | last26 = Stevens | first26 = SR | authorlink26 = Staci Stevens | title = Myalgic encephalomyelitis: Adult & Paediatric: International Consensus Primer for Medical Practitioners | date = 2012 | isbn = 978-0-9739335-3-6 | url = http://www.investinme.org/Documents/Guidelines/Myalgic%20Encephalomyelitis%20International%20Consensus%20Primer%20-2012-11-26.pdf }}</ref><ref name="canadianconsensus-ccc">{{Citation | last = Carruthers | first1 = Bruce M. | authorlink1 = Bruce Carruthers | last2 = Jain | first2 = Anil Kumar | authorlink2 = Anil Kumar Jain | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = Kenny L. | authorlink3 = Kenny De Meirleir | last4 =Peterson | first4 = Daniel L. | authorlink4 = Daniel Peterson | last5 = Klimas | first5 = Nancy G. | authorlink5 = Nancy Klimas | last6 = Lerner | first6 = A. Martin | authorlink6 = Martin Lerner | last7 = Bested | first7 = Alison C. | authorlink7 = Alison Bested | last8 = Flor-Henry | first8 = Pierre | authorlink8 = Pierre Flor-Henry | last9 = Joshi | first9 = Pradip | authorlink9 = Pradip Joshi | last10 = Powles | first10 = AC Peter | authorlink10 = A C Peter Powles | last11 = Sherkey | first11 = Jeffrey A. | authorlink11 = Jeffrey Sherkey | last12 = van de Sande | first12 = Marjorie I. | authorlink12 = Marjorie van de Sande | title = Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Clinical Working Case Definition, Diagnostic and Treatment Protocols | journal = Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | volume = 11 | issue = 2 | pages = 7-115 | date = 2003 | pmid = | doi = 10.1300/J092v11n01_02 | url = http://www.investinme.org/Documents/PDFdocuments/CanadianDefinitionME-CFS.pdf }}</ref><ref name="fukuda1994">{{Cite journal | last = Fukuda | first = K. | authorlink = Keiji Fukuda | last2 = Straus | first2 = S.E. | authorlink2 = Stephen Straus | last3 = Hickie | first3 = I. | authorlink3 = Ian Hickie | last4 = Sharpe | first4 = M.C. | authorlink4 = Michael Sharpe | last5 = Dobbins | first5 = J.G. | author-link5 = James Dobbins | last6 = Komaroff | first6 = A. | authorlink6 = Anthony Komaroff | date = 1994-12-15 | title = The chronic fatigue syndrome: a comprehensive approach to its definition and study. International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group | url =https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Michael_Sharpe2/publication/247808895_The_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_A_Comprehensive_Approach_to_Its_Definition_and_Study/links/0c96053201643bfc4b000000/The-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-A-Comprehensive-Approach-to-Its-Definition-and-Study.pdf | journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=121|issue=12 | pages = 953β959|issn=0003-4819|pmid=7978722|via=|publisher=American College of Physicians}}</ref> A number of the common differential diagnoses also commonly occur in patients with ME/CFS, so they should not be regarded as conditions that automatically exclude the diagnosis of ME/CFS.<ref name="canadianconsensus-ccc" /><ref name="ICC2011primer" /> ==ME/CFS== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Differential diagnosis !! Fukuda criteria<ref name="fukuda1994" /> !! International Consensus Criteria<ref name="ICC2011primer" />{{Rp|12}} !! Canadian Consensus Criteria<ref name="canadianconsensus-ccc" /> !! Institute of Medicine !! Other |- | [[Idiopathic chronic fatigue]] || yes || ? || ? || ? || ? |- | [[Fibromyalgia]] || ? || ? || ? || ? || ? |- | [[Chronic fatigue]] due to another medical condition || ? || ? || ? || ? || ? |- | Unexplained [[chronic fatigue]] || ? || ? || ? || ? || ? |- | Primary [[:Category:Sleep disorders|sleep disorders]] e.g. [[sleep apnea]] || ? || ? || ? || ? || ? |- | [[Lyme disease]] || ? || ? || yes || ? || ? |- | [[Depression]] || ? || ? || ? || ? || ? |- | [[Systemic lupus erythematosus|Lupus]] || ? || ? || yes || ? || ? |- | [[Multiple sclerosis]] || ? || ? || ? || yes || ? |- | [[Myasthenia gravis]] || ? || ? || ? || yes || ? |- | [[Rheumatoid arthritis]] || ? || ? || yes || ? || ? |- | [[:Category:Endocrine diseases|Endocrine diseases]] e.g., [[Addisonβs disease]] || ? || ? || yes || ? || ? |- | [[Depression]] || ? || ? || ? || ? || Hawk et al. 2006<ref name="Hawk2006" />, Griffith et al. 2008<ref name="Griffith2008" />, DeLuca et al. 2004<ref name="DeLuca2004" /> |} ==Other differential diagnoses== * Other [[:Category:Neurological diseases and disorders|neurological diseases and disorders]] * [[Autoimmune disease|Autoimmune disorders]] * [[:Category:Infectious diseases|Infectious diseases]] * [[:Category:Endocrine diseases and disorders|Endocrine diseases]] * [[Cancer|Cancers]] * [[Vitamin B12 deficiency|B12 deficiency]] * [[Anemia|anemias]] * poisons, e.g. [[Chronic ciguatera fish poisoning|chronic ciguatera]]<ref name="canadianconsensus-ccc" />{{Rp|12}}<ref name="Pearn2000" />{{Rp|4-5}} *[[Celiac disease]]<ref name="Logan2001" /> ==Notable articles== * 1994, Consideration of narcolepsy in the differential diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome<ref name="narcolepsy1994">{{Cite journal | title = Consideration of narcolepsy in the differential diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome | date = Apr 1994|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1994.tb138269.x|journal=Medical Journal of Australia|volume=160|issue=7 | pages = 426β429 | last = Ambrogetti|first = Antonio | authorlink = | last2 = Olson | first2 = Leslie G | authorlink2 = | last3 = | first3 = | authorlink3 = | last4 = | first4 = | authorlink4 = | last5 = | first5 = | authorlink5 = | last6 = | first6 = | authorlink6 = | last9 = | first9 = |language=en|doi=10.5694/j.1326-5377.1994.tb138269.x|pmc=|pmid=|access-date=|issn=0025-729X|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1994.tb138269.x (Abstract)] *1998, Phosphate diabetes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome<ref name="phosphatediabetes">{{Cite journal | title = Phosphate diabetes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. | date = 1998-04-01|url=https://pmj.bmj.com/content/74/870/229|journal=Postgraduate Medical Journal|volume=74|issue=870|pages=229β232 | last = De Lorenzo|first = F. | authorlink = | last2 = Hargreaves | first2 = J. | authorlink2 = | last3 = Kakkar | first3 = V.V. | authorlink3 = | last4 = | first4 = | authorlink4 = | last5 = | first5 = | authorlink5 = | last6 = | first6 = | authorlink6 = | last9 = | first9 = |language=en|doi=10.1136/pgmj.74.870.229|pmc=|pmid=9683977|access-date=|issn=0032-5473|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://pmj.bmj.com/content/74/870/229.short (Abstract)] *2000, Differential diagnosis: The challenge of chronic fatigue<ref name="Pearn2000">{{Cite journal | title = Differential Diagnosis | date = 2000-01-01|url=https://doi.org/10.1300/J092v07n04_03|journal=Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome|volume=7|issue=4|pages=17β31 | last = Pearn | first = John|doi=10.1300/J092v07n04_03|issn=1057-3321}}</ref> - [https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA491566.pdf (Full text)] :"Many syndromes and diseases have the symptom of chronic fatigue as the most distressing, unremitting complaint. It is the consideration of these other possible causes - their confirmation or exclusion - which constitutes the discipline of ditferential diagnosis. Syndromes which are "look alikes," or indeed identical syndromes, include post-viral states, chronic viraemias, neoplastic syndromes, neurological diseases, especially in the eariy substantial stages of neuromuscular disease, psychiatric disorders, and some forms of both organic and inorganic poisoning. To mislabel any one of these as CFS or ME, or to leave a patient with CFS undiagnosed as such, means the discipline of differential diagnosis has failed."<ref name="Pearn2000" />{{Rp|4-5}} *2001, Chronic fatigue syndrome: oxidative stress and dietary modifications<ref name="Logan2001">{{Cite journal | title = Chronic fatigue syndrome: oxidative stress and dietary modifications | date = 2001-10-01|url=https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=10895159&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA80490865&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs|journal=Alternative Medicine Review|volume=6|issue=5 | pages = 450β460 | last = Logan | first = Alan C. | last2 = Wong | first2 = Cathy|language=English}}</ref> - [https://www.ivhealth.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Chronic-fatigue-and-oxidative-stress.pdf (Full text)] - ''Celiac disease'' * 2004, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Differential Diagnosis with Depression<ref name="DeLuca2004">{{Cite book | title = Differential Diagnosis in Adult Neuropsychological Assessment|trans-title=|chapter= | date = 2003-12-23|publisher=Springer Publishing Company|location=|isbn=978-0-8261-9727-6|edition=|volume=|language=en | url =https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=XXTe-ft0YUsC&oi=fnd&pg=PA421&dq=%22Chronic+fatigue+syndrome%22&ots=CSKE8dKeiB&sig=5d6xpPVN1zqnuK7VD-Qim1giGOM|chapter-url=|pages=|editor-last = Ricker|editor-first = Joseph H.|editor1-link=|editor-last2 = |editor-first2 = |editor2-link= | last = | first = | authorlink = | last2 = | first2 = | authorlink2 = | last3 = | first3 = | authorlink3 = | last4 = | first4 = | authorlink4 = | last5 = | first5 = | authorlink5 = | last6 = | first6 = | authorlink6 = | last7 = | first7 = | authorlink7 = | last8 = | first8 = | authorlink8 = | last9 = | first9 = | authorlink9 = |veditors=|others=|quote=}}</ref> - [https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=XXTe-ft0YUsC&oi=fnd&pg=PA421&dq=%22Chronic+fatigue+syndrome%22 (Abstract)] * 2006, Differential diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome and major depressive disorder<ref name="Hawk2006">{{Cite journal | title = Differential diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome and major depressive disorder | date = 2006-09-01|url=https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm1303_8|journal=International Journal of Behavioral Medicine|volume=13|issue=3|pages=244β251 | last = Hawk|first = Caroline | authorlink = | last2 = Jason | first2 = Leonard A. | authorlink2 = Leonard Jason | last3 = Torres-Harding | first3 = Susan | authorlink3 = Susan Torres-Harding | last4 = | first4 = | authorlink4 = | last5 = | first5 = | authorlink5 = | last6 = | first6 = | authorlink6 = | last9 = | first9 = |language=en|doi=10.1207/s15327558ijbm1303_8|pmc=|pmid=|access-date=|issn=1532-7558|quote=|via=}}</ref> -The [https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.574.3376&rep=rep1&type=pdf (Full text)] *2008, A systematic review of chronic fatigue syndrome: don't assume it's depression<ref name="Griffith2008">{{Cite journal | title = A Systematic Review of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Don't Assume It's Depression | date = 2008|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2292451/|journal=Primary Care Companion to The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry|volume=10|issue=2|pages=120β128 | last = Griffith|first = James P. | last2 = Zarrouf | first2 = Fahd A.|pmc=2292451|pmid=18458765|issn=1523-5998}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc2292451/ (Full text)] ==See also== *[[Differential diagnosis]] *[[Misdiagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome]] *[[Comorbidities of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis]] *[[Myalgic encephalomyelitis]] *[[Primer for doctors and researchers]] *[[Idiopathic chronic fatigue]] ==Learn more== ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Diagnoses]] [[Category:Lists]]
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