Iceland moss: Difference between revisions
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'''Cetraria islandica''' L. Ach or '''Lichen islandicus''' or '''Iceland moss''' or '''Iceland lichen''' is an edible moss used as a food supplement, and for making soaps and cold creams.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/Iceland-moss|title=Iceland moss {{!}} lichen|last=|first=|authorlink=|date=|website=Britannica|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2022-01-16}}</ref><ref name="WebMD">{{Cite web|url=https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-516/iceland-moss|title=Iceland Moss|website=WebMD |access-date=2022-01-16}}</ref> | '''Cetraria islandica''' L. Ach or '''Lichen islandicus''' or '''Iceland moss''' or '''Iceland lichen''' is an edible moss used as a food supplement, and for making soaps and cold creams.<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.britannica.com/science/Iceland-moss | title = Iceland moss {{!}} lichen | last = | first = | authorlink = | date = | website = Britannica|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2022-01-16}}</ref><ref name="WebMD">{{Cite web | url = https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-516/iceland-moss | title = Iceland Moss|website=WebMD |access-date=2022-01-16}}</ref> | ||
Iceland moss has been analysed and found to contain the compounds: | Iceland moss has been analysed and found to contain the compounds: | ||
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*lichesterinic acid | *lichesterinic acid | ||
*protocetraric acid and | *protocetraric acid and | ||
*fumarprotocetraric acid<ref name="Igoli2014">{{Cite journal|title=Antitrypanosomal Activity & Docking Studies of Isolated Constituents from the Lichen Cetraria islandica: Possibly Multifunctional Scaffolds|date=2014-04-01|url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/ctmc/2014/00000014/00000008/art00006|journal=Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry|volume=14|issue=8|pages=1014–1021|last=Ogbaji Igoli|first=John|last2=Irvine Gray|first2=Alexander|last3=Jean Clements|first3=Carol|last4=Kantheti|first4=Poorna|last5=Kumar Singla|first5=Rajeev}}</ref> | *fumarprotocetraric acid<ref name="Igoli2014">{{Cite journal | title = Antitrypanosomal Activity & Docking Studies of Isolated Constituents from the Lichen Cetraria islandica: Possibly Multifunctional Scaffolds | date = 2014-04-01 | url = https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/ctmc/2014/00000014/00000008/art00006|journal=Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry|volume=14|issue=8|pages=1014–1021 | last = Ogbaji Igoli | first = John | last2 = Irvine Gray | first2 = Alexander | last3 = Jean Clements | first3 = Carol | last4 = Kantheti | first4 = Poorna | last5 = Kumar Singla | first5 = Rajeev}}</ref> | ||
Analysis suggests that these compounds may be active on the targets of [[trypanosoma brucei]], the parasite that causes [[African trypanosomiasis|African sleeping sickness]] - these targets are riboflavin kinase, sterol-14α-demethylase ([[CYP51]]), rohedsain and [[glutathione]] synthetase.<ref name="Igoli2014" /> | Analysis suggests that these compounds may be active on the targets of [[trypanosoma brucei]], the parasite that causes [[African trypanosomiasis|African sleeping sickness]] - these targets are riboflavin kinase, sterol-14α-demethylase ([[CYP51]]), rohedsain and [[glutathione]] synthetase.<ref name="Igoli2014" /> | ||
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==Evidence== | ==Evidence== | ||
The [[European Medicines Agency]] has stated there is enough evidence for the use of Iceland moss for agent for treating mouth and throat irritation and associated dry cough, and for temporary [[anorexia (appetite loss)|loss of appetite]] in adults, adolescents and children aged over six years-old.<ref name="ema">https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/herbal/lichen-islandicus{{Cite web|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/herbal/lichen-islandicus|title=Lichen islandicus|last=|first=|authorlink=|date=|website=European Medicines Agency|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2022-01-16}}</ref> | The [[European Medicines Agency]] has stated there is enough evidence for the use of Iceland moss for agent for treating mouth and throat irritation and associated dry cough, and for temporary [[anorexia (appetite loss)|loss of appetite]] in adults, adolescents and children aged over six years-old.<ref name="ema">https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/herbal/lichen-islandicus{{Cite web | url = https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/herbal/lichen-islandicus | title = Lichen islandicus | last = | first = | authorlink = | date = | website = European Medicines Agency|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2022-01-16}}</ref> | ||
Freysdottir et al (2008) found that Iceland Moss had anti-inflammatory properties and acted as an immunomodulator in rats and human cells.<ref name="Freysdottir2008">{{Cite journal|title=In vitro and in vivo immunomodulating effects of traditionally prepared extract and purified compounds from Cetraria islandica|date=Mar 2008|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18279796/|journal=International Immunopharmacology|volume=8|issue=3|pages=423–430|last=Freysdottir|first=J.| | Freysdottir et al (2008) found that Iceland Moss had anti-inflammatory properties and acted as an immunomodulator in rats and human cells.<ref name="Freysdottir2008">{{Cite journal | title = In vitro and in vivo immunomodulating effects of traditionally prepared extract and purified compounds from Cetraria islandica | date = Mar 2008 | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18279796/|journal=International Immunopharmacology|volume=8|issue=3 | pages = 423–430 | last = Freysdottir | first = J. | authorlink = | last2 = Omarsdottir | first2 = S. | authorlink2 = | last3 = Ingólfsdóttir | first3 = K. | authorlink3 = | last4 = Vikingsson | first4 = A. | authorlink4 = | last5 = Olafsdottir | first5 = E.S. | authorlink5 = |doi=10.1016/j.intimp.2007.11.007|pmc=|pmid=18279796|access-date=|issn=1567-5769|quote=|via=}}</ref> It may also have antioxidant effects.<ref name="Gulcin2002">{{Cite journal | title = Determination of antioxidant activity of lichen Cetraria islandica (L) Ach | date = 2002-03-01 | url = https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874101003968|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|volume=79|issue=3 | pages = 325–329 | last = Gülçin | first = İlhami | last2 = Oktay | first2 = Münir | last3 = Küfrevioğlu | first3 = Ö. İrfan | last4 = Aslan | first4 = Ali|language=en|doi=10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00396-8|issn=0378-8741}}</ref> | ||
==Clinicians== | ==Clinicians== | ||
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==Costs and availability== | ==Costs and availability== | ||
It is available in powdered form | It is available in powdered form as a supplement. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Latest revision as of 18:05, March 30, 2023
Cetraria islandica L. Ach or Lichen islandicus or Iceland moss or Iceland lichen is an edible moss used as a food supplement, and for making soaps and cold creams.[1][2]
Iceland moss has been analysed and found to contain the compounds:
- protolichesterinic acid
- lichesterinic acid
- protocetraric acid and
- fumarprotocetraric acid[3]
Analysis suggests that these compounds may be active on the targets of trypanosoma brucei, the parasite that causes African sleeping sickness - these targets are riboflavin kinase, sterol-14α-demethylase (CYP51), rohedsain and glutathione synthetase.[3]
Theory[edit | edit source]
Evidence[edit | edit source]
The European Medicines Agency has stated there is enough evidence for the use of Iceland moss for agent for treating mouth and throat irritation and associated dry cough, and for temporary loss of appetite in adults, adolescents and children aged over six years-old.[4]
Freysdottir et al (2008) found that Iceland Moss had anti-inflammatory properties and acted as an immunomodulator in rats and human cells.[5] It may also have antioxidant effects.[6]
Clinicians[edit | edit source]
Risks and safety[edit | edit source]
Costs and availability[edit | edit source]
It is available in powdered form as a supplement.
See also[edit | edit source]
Learn more[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Iceland moss | lichen". Britannica. Retrieved January 16, 2022.
- ↑ "Iceland Moss". WebMD. Retrieved January 16, 2022.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ogbaji Igoli, John; Irvine Gray, Alexander; Jean Clements, Carol; Kantheti, Poorna; Kumar Singla, Rajeev (April 1, 2014). "Antitrypanosomal Activity & Docking Studies of Isolated Constituents from the Lichen Cetraria islandica: Possibly Multifunctional Scaffolds". Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. 14 (8): 1014–1021.
- ↑ https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/herbal/lichen-islandicus"Lichen islandicus". European Medicines Agency. Retrieved January 16, 2022.
- ↑ Freysdottir, J.; Omarsdottir, S.; Ingólfsdóttir, K.; Vikingsson, A.; Olafsdottir, E.S. (March 2008). "In vitro and in vivo immunomodulating effects of traditionally prepared extract and purified compounds from Cetraria islandica". International Immunopharmacology. 8 (3): 423–430. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2007.11.007. ISSN 1567-5769. PMID 18279796.
- ↑ Gülçin, İlhami; Oktay, Münir; Küfrevioğlu, Ö. İrfan; Aslan, Ali (March 1, 2002). "Determination of antioxidant activity of lichen Cetraria islandica (L) Ach". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 79 (3): 325–329. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00396-8. ISSN 0378-8741.
