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HPV vaccine
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==Types== A number of different vaccines are in use, with bivalent vaccines protecting against two types of HPV, and quadrivalent vaccines protecting against four types of HPV: * '''Bivalent''': Ceravix which protects against HPV 16 and HPV 18 only, and contains aluminum hydroxide and monophosphoryl lipid<ref name="CDC">{{Cite web | url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-vaccine-fact-sheet | title = Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccines | last = National Cancer Institute | first = | authorlink = | date = 2019-10-08 | website = cancer.gov|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2020-05-10}}</ref> * '''Quadrivalent''': Gardasil which protects against HPV 6 and 11, plus HPV 16 and 18, and contains amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate. This is the vaccine currently used in the UK.<ref name="NHS">{{Cite web | url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/hpv-human-papillomavirus-vaccine/ | title = HPV vaccine overview | last = National Health Service | first = | authorlink = National Health Service | date = 2019-07-31 | website = nhs.uk|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2020-05-10}}</ref><ref name="gardasilEMC">{{Cite web | url=https://emc-prod-wa.azurewebsites.net/emc/product/261/smpc | title = Gardasil suspension for injection - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) - (emc) | last = Electronic Medicines Compendium | first = | authorlink = | date = May 7, 2019 | website = emc-prod-wa.azurewebsites.net|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2020-05-10}}</ref> * '''Nonavalent''': Gardasil-9, which protects against 9 types of HPV: HPV 6 and 11, HPV 16 and 18, plus HPV 31, HPV 33, HPV 45, HPV 52, and HPV 58, and contains a larger amount of aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate and more than twice as many virus-like particles than the quadrivalent vaccine.<ref name="Blitshteyn2018" /><ref name="CDC-9" /> Gardasil-9 was approved for use in the [[United States]] in 2014.<ref name="CDC-9">{{Cite web | url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6411a3.htm | title = Use of 9-Valent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine: Updated HPV Vaccination Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices | last = Centers for Disease Control | first = | authorlink = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | date = |website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2020-05-10}}</ref>
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