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Glutamate
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==Function== Glutamate has a range of roles in the human body, including: * activating the recognition of savory taste, known as ''umami'', e.g. when food containing '''monosodium glutamate''' (MSG, or additive E620) is eaten<ref name="13-1-sensory" /><ref name="Zhou2014" /> * enhancing memory and learning<ref name="3-2-nervous">{{Cite book |chapter=3.2 Cells of the Nervous System |chapter-url=https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/3-2-cells-of-the-nervous-system |vauthors=Spielman RM, Jenkins WJ, Lovett MD| publisher = OpenStax | title = Psychology 2e | date = Apr 22, 2020|location=Houston, Texas | url=https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction | pages = |isbn=|edition=|volume=|language=|title-link=|access-date= | last = | first = | authorlink = |doi=|oclc=|quote=|archive-url=|archive-date=}}</ref> * glutamate increases when levels of emotional stress increase<ref name="8-2-brain">{{Cite book |chapter=8.2 Parts of the Brain Involved with Memory |chapter-url=https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/8-2-parts-of-the-brain-involved-with-memory |vauthors=Spielman RM, Jenkins WJ, Lovett MD| publisher = OpenStax | title = Psychology 2e | date = Apr 22, 2020|location=Houston, Texas | url=https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction | pages = |isbn=|edition=|volume=|language=|title-link=|access-date= | last = | first = | authorlink = |doi=|oclc=|quote=|archive-url=|archive-date=}}</ref> * has major roles in metabolism, including [[nitrogen]] elimination<ref name="Walker2015">{{Cite journal | last = Walker | first = Mark C. | authorlink = | last2 = van der Donk | first2 = Wilfred A. | authorlink2 = | date = Mar 2016 | title = The Many Roles of Glutamate in Metabolism| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4753154/|journal=Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology|volume=43|issue=0 | pages = 419–430|doi=10.1007/s10295-015-1665-y|issn=1367-5435|pmc=4753154|pmid=26323613|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref><ref name="Cynober2018">{{Cite journal | last = Cynober | first = Luc | date = 2018 | title = Metabolism of Dietary Glutamate in Adults| url = https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/494776|journal=Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism|language=english|volume=73|issue=5 | pages = 5–14|doi=10.1159/000494776|issn=0250-6807|pmid=30508813}}</ref> * glutamate toxicity is linked to a number of neurodegenerative diseases<ref name="Lewerenz2015">{{Cite journal | last = Lewerenz | first = Jan | last2 = Maher | first2 = Pamela | date = 2015 | title=Chronic Glutamate Toxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases—What is the Evidence?| url = https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2015.00469|journal=Frontiers in Neuroscience|volume=9 | pages = 469|doi=10.3389/fnins.2015.00469|issn=1662-453X|pmc=PMC4679930|pmid=26733784}}</ref>
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