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Epstein-Barr virus
(section)
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==Neuronal infection== A 2015 study<ref name="JhaHC2015">{{Cite journal | last1 = Jha | first1 = HC | author-link1 = | last2 = Mehta | first2 = D | authorlink2 = | last3 = Lu | first3 = J | authorlink3 = | last4 = El-Naccache | first4 = D | authorlink4 = | last5 = Shukla | first5 = SK | authorlink5 = | last6 = Kovacsics | first6 = C | authorlink6 = | last7 = Kolson | first7 = D | author-link7 = | last8 = Robertson | first8 = ES | author-link8 = | title = Gammaherpesvirus Infection of Human Neuronal Cells| journal = mBio | volume = 6 | issue =6 | pages = e01844-15 | date = 2016-12-01| doi = 10.1128/mBio.01844-15 | pmid = 26628726| url =http://mbio.asm.org/content/6/6/e01844-15 }}</ref> demonstrated that human [[neuron]]al cells could be directly and actively infected with EBV and another [[herpesvirus]], Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Neuronal cells were infected with EBV or KSHV viruses which had been combined with a fluorescent protein so that the infection could be observed. The infection was seen to produce new virus cells (productive) and spread efficiently. Significantly, it not only infected surrounding neuronal cells but also nearby [[Peripheral blood mononuclear cell|peripheral blood mononuclear cells]]. EBV is known to be linked to many neuronal diseases<ref name="Kleines2011">{{citation | last1 = Kleines | first1 = M | last2 = Schiefer | first2 = J | last3 = Stienen | first3 = A | last4 = Blaum | first4 = M | last5 = Ritter | first5 = K | last6 = Häusler | first6 = M | title = Expanding the spectrum of neurological disease associated with Epstein-Barr virus activity | journal =European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases | issn = 1435-4373| volume = 30 | issue = 12| pages = 1561–1569 | date = 2011-05-15| doi = 10.1007/s10096-011-1261-7| url = http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10096-011-1261-7}}</ref> but this is the first evidence of how this may occur. The researchers note that this research supports the presence of EBV in neuronal diseases, but does not indicate why this is so.
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