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Cochrane
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== History == The Cochrane Collaboration was founded in 1993 as part of a movement that called for evidence based medicine.<ref name="Cochranehist">{{Cite web | url = https://community.cochrane.org/handbook-sri/chapter-1-introduction/11-cochrane/112-brief-history-cochrane | title = 1.1.2 A brief history of Cochrane | website = community.cochrane.org|language=en|access-date=2019-03-05}}</ref> The name refers to the Scottish doctor Archie Cochrane who advocated the use of randomized control trials to make medicine more efficient.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Shah|first = Hriday M. | last2 = Chung | first2 = Kevin C. | date = Sep 2009 | title = Archie Cochrane and his vision for evidence-based medicine | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2746659/ | journal = Plastic and reconstructive surgery | volume = 124 | issue = 3 | pages = 982β988|doi=10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181b03928|issn=0032-1052|pmc=2746659|pmid=19730323}}</ref> In origin, Cochrane is a British charity. It arose from the ground-breaking work of Iain Chalmers and colleagues who, in the late 1980s, created a database of systematic reviews on effective care in pregnancy and childbirth.<ref name="Cochranehist" /> This idea of forming a library of reliable and systematic reviews on clinical interventions was extended to other fields of medicine and became the basis of The Cochrane collaboration.<ref name="Chalmers1993">{{Cite journal | last = Chalmers | first = I. | date = 1993-12-31 | title = The Cochrane collaboration: preparing, maintaining, and disseminating systematic reviews of the effects of health care | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8192293 | journal = Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | volume = 703 | pages = 156β163; discussion 163β165|issn=0077-8923|pmid=8192293}}</ref> Over the years, Cochrane has developed into an internationally renowned institute. At the celebration of its 20 years existence, it had more than 31,000 contributors from 120 countries and has published more than 5000 systematic reviews.<ref name="Smith2013" /><ref name="nature2013">{{Cite web | url = https://www.nature.com/articles/6400907.pdf?origin=ppub | last = Richards | first =D. | date = 2013 | title = 20 years of the Cochrane Collaboration | journal = Nature}}</ref>, although some require a paid subscription or registration before reading.<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.cochranelibrary.com/help/access | title = Cochrane Library access options | website = Cochrane Library|access-date=2019-03-05}}</ref>
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