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Capsaicin
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[[File:Capsaicin peppers.png|thumb|Capsaicin peppers with their molecular structure ]] '''Capsaicin''' is an extract from the capsaicin plant and is available either with or without a prescription, depending on the strength and the form. Capsaicin is also known as cayenne, or red pepper, and is the substance that makes chili peppers hot.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> It is typically used externally for [[Painkillers|painful]] conditions, including osteoarthritis, post-herpetic neuralgia and painful diabetic neuropathy. It is sometimes used for [[Muscle pain|muscle]] or [[Arthralgia|joint pain]]. Capsaicin is available in different strengths, either as a [[Topical treatments|topical treatment]] (cream) or a [[Transdermal Treatments|transdermal]] patch.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drug/capsaicin.html | title = Capsaicin | last = Joint Formulary Committee | first = | author-link = | date = | website = British National Foundry| publisher = London: BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press.| archive-url = | archive-date = |url-status = | access-date= September 30, 2018}}</ref> Eating capsaicin in chili peppers produces a euphoria in some people as a response to the heat. ==Theory== ==Evidence== ==Clinicians== ==Risks and side effects== [[File:Capsaicin pain cream.png|alt=Well-used tube of capsaicin cream, Zacin brand name.|thumb|Capsaicin cream licensed for nerve pain]] === Topical cream === Common and very common side effects: * Transient burning Rare: * [[cough]]; eye irritation; sneezing Other: * [[Dyspnea|dyspnea]]; exacerbation of asthma === Transdermal patches === Common and very common side effects: * Transient burning; application site reactions; erythema; pruritus Uncommon: * burning sensation; cough; dysgeusia; eye irritation; first degree AV block; hypertension; hypoaesthesia; [[muscle spasm]]; [[nausea]]; pain in extremities; [[Heart palpitation|palpitations]]; peripheral edema; [[pruritus]]; [[tachycardia]]; throat irritation <ref name=":0" /> === Risks === Capsaicin has a moderate risk of interactions with other medications, and may interact with herbal or natural remedies.<ref name=":1" /> Transdermal patches must be handled with nitrile gloves; latex gloves do not provide enough protection. Hands must be washed immediately after use, or within 30 mins if applying topical Capsaicin to hands.<ref name=":0" /> There have been a number of cases of burns caused by Capsaicin.<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm318674.htm | title = Consumer Updates - Topical Pain Relievers May Cause Burns | last = Office of the Commissioner, FDA| first = | date = | website = fda.gov|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status= | access-date = 2018-09-30}}</ref> It may also lower blood sugar.<ref name=":1" /> ==Costs and availability== Capsaicin is available in different strengths and forms, with some available over-the-counter and others only available on prescription. Brand names include Zacin (0.025% cream), Axsain, and Qutenza (8% transdermal).<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url = https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/945.html | title = Capsicum: MedlinePlus Supplements | website = medlineplus.gov|language=en | access-date = 2018-09-30}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> ==Learn more== * [https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/945.html Medline] * [https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drug/capsaicin.html BNF drug guide], in use in the NHS. * [https://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm318674.htm FDA Consumer Updates] ==See also== *[[Pain]] *[[Analgesics|Analgesics (pain killers]]) *[[Topical treatments]] *[[Transdermal treatments]] *[[Fibromyalgia]] ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Potential treatments]] [[Category:Supplements]] [[Category:Herbs]]
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